Benign lymphoepithelial cyst of parotid gland without human immunodeficiency virus infection: A case report

Abstract

BACKGROUND Benign lymphoepithelial cyst (BLEC) of the parotid gland is a rare benign embryonic-dysplastic cystic tumor in the anterolateral neck that occurs most commonly in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive adults and rarely in non-acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients. The main presentation is a slow-growing, painless mass, and secondary infection may cause acute inflammatory symptoms. CASE SUMMARY A 44-year-old Chinese male patient presented with a 1-year history of a mass in the left side of the neck. On physical examination, a mass similar in size and shape to a quail egg was found in the left parotid gland. The mass was tough, without tenderness, and easily moveable. The results of HIV tests, including antibody and nucleic acid tests and CD4+ T cell examination, were negative. Imaging examination revealed a left parotid gland mass. The patient underwent surgical treatment, and BLEC was diagnosed based on postoperative pathology. After 2 years of follow-up, the patient survived well without related discomfort. CONCLUSION The detailed characteristics of a BLEC in a patient without HIV infection contribute to an improved understanding of this rare disease.

Navigating Parotid Lymphoepithelial Cysts in HIV Patients: A Tale of Two Distinct Scenarios

“…However, treatment modalities remain the same. In their case, surgical excision and complete resection of swelling were done, and the patient did not show any signs of recurrence post-surgery during two years of follow-up [ 3 ]. There are various treatment options available in the management of lymphoepithelial cysts.…”

“…Upto 10% of HIV-infected individuals experience parotid gland enlargement, and the most prevalent of these lesions, i.e., lymphoepithelial cysts, affect 3-6% of HIV patients and are occasionally the initial sign of HIV infection [ 2 ]. They usually present as a slow-growing, painless mass, and the occurrence of any secondary infection may cause acute inflammatory symptoms [ 3 ]. These lesions have been found to manifest over salivary glands or associated lymph nodes, and less commonly, in the oral cavity, tonsil, thyroid gland, pancreas, or juxta-bronchial regions [ 4 ].…”