Benign Chorioretinal Folds

Hyvärinen, Lea; Walsh, Frank B.

doi:10.1016/0002-9394(70)90660-4

Cited by 30 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Several authors have subsequently confirmed that any condition causing a reduction in the area of the inner surface of the sclera (scleral thickening or scleral shrinkage) may cause the inner portion of the choroids, the overlying retinal pigment epithelium and the outer retinal layers to be thrown into a series of folds or wrinkles (Dellaporta 1950; Norton 1969; Hyvarinen & Walsh 1970; Kroll & Norton 1970; François & DeLaey 1971; Von Winning 1972; Newell 1973; Cangemi et al. 1978; Kalina & Mills 1980; Morris & Sanders 1980; Lebuisson et al.…”

Section: Aetiology Histopathology and Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypotony maculopathy

Costa

Arcieri

2007

Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica

129

112

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ABSTRACT. Hypotony maculopathy, first described in 1954 by Dellaporta, usually occurs after antiglaucomatous surgery or after perforating eye injuries; it is characterized by hypotony associated with fundus abnormalities, including papilloedema, vascular tortuosity and chorioretinal folds. In hypotony maculopathy, the scleral wall collapses inward, resulting in redundancy of the choroid and retina, leading to chorioretinal wrinkling. As the antero-posterior diameter of the vitreous cavity decreases, the very thick perivofeal retina surrounding the very thin foveal retina is thrown into radial folds around the fovea. It has been reported that hypotony maculopathy occurs in up to 20% of cases of glaucoma filtering surgery and has become more common after the introduction of antimetabolites. Young age, myopia, primary filtering surgery, systemic illnesses and elevated preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) have been found to be associated with hypotony maculopathy. Hypotony maculopathy is treated with procedures designed to elevate IOP, which may reverse the inward scleral bowing and improve visual acuity. The successful treatment of hypotony maculopathy depends on the correct identification of its cause. Once the cause is detected, treatment should be employed as soon as possible because delayed normalization of the IOP may result in permanent macular chorioretinal changes and poor vision. This review will explore the definition, mechanisms, clinical findings and treatment of hypotony maculopathy.

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Section: Aetiology Histopathology and Mechanismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypotony maculopathy

Costa

Arcieri

2007

Acta Ophthalmologica Scandinavica

129

112

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“…Choroidal folds can be most accurately identified on the basis of their typical fluo rescein angiographical appearance [2,6,8,11,14,17]. In the early arterial phase they have the appearance of strongly contrasting dark and light bands (see figures 4 and 6).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In accordance with the initial description by Nettleship [10], these folds were observed for the most part in conjunc tion with orbital tumors [7,12,13,16], In recent years, however, many papers have identified additional causes for the forma tion of chorioretinal folds (table I). In many cases, moreover, the folds were character ized as idiopathic [8,14], Before the era of fluorescein angiography, most discussions in the literature made no distinction between retinal and chorioreti nal folds [7,16]. It was in fluorescein angio grams that the typical appearance of each made it at last possible to distinguish the symptom of 'choroidal folds' from retinal folds [6,12,17], The diagnosis 'choroidal folds'should, as a matter of principle, always serve as a reason for eliminating all diseases which could possibly come into question as the source of these folds; in this manner, both orbital and choroidal tumors, respec tively, can be subjected to a corresponding therapy, when the choroidal folds are recog nized at an early date.…”

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confidence: 99%

Clinical Observations Concerning Choroidal Folds

Steuhl¹,

Richard²,

Weidle³

1985

Ophthalmologica

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This paper deals with 6 patients who suffer from choroidal folds. Special emphasis will be laid on several aspects of differential diagnostics. In our 6 cases discussed here, we found a retrobulbar tumor in 3 patients, hypotony in 1, and a marked hyperopia in another as causes. In the 6th patient no pathological condition was found, and, therefore, we characterized the choroidal folds in this case as idiopathic.

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“…(e.g. cases 5,6,8,9,10). NEWELL 9 has pointed out that in exophthalmos due to orbital tumors the position of the folds has no localizing value.…”

Section: Fig 21mentioning

confidence: 99%

The origin of choroidal folds a clinical, histopathological, and experimental study

Bullock

Egbert

1974

Doc Ophthalmol

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Choroidal folds were defined as folds in Bruch's membrane and the anterior choroid. A clinical, histopathological and experimental investigation was performed.Eleven cases with choroidal folds were described. These cases included exophthalmos (from lymphoid hyperplasia, thyroid disease, orbital cellulitis, post-operative swelling, and orbital hemangioma), scleritis, retinal detachment due to metastatic lung carcinoma, hypotony, papilledema and choroidal detachment.The histology of 80 unselected enucleated eyes was examined and choroidal folds were found in 23 (29%). The most common cause was choroidal thickening due to vascular engorgement, hemorrhage or inflammation. Folds were also formed by tissue compression at the edge of a choroidal tumor or scleral implant, or by scleral thickening.Choroidal folds were produced in vivo in cat's eyes by traction on the optic nerve or by hypotony after paracentesis. The irregular folds after hypotony could be oriented by traction on the optic nerve.It was hypothesized that choroidal folds are produced by any mechanism which forces Bruch's membrane to fold, and that traction on the optic nerve may play a role in the characteristic horizontal temporal orientation of choroidal folds seen in many patients.

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Benign Chorioretinal Folds

Cited by 30 publications

References 3 publications

Hypotony maculopathy

Hypotony maculopathy

Clinical Observations Concerning Choroidal Folds

The origin of choroidal folds a clinical, histopathological, and experimental study

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