Benefits of tree nut consumption on aging and age-related diseases: Mechanisms of actions

Rusu, Marius Emil; Simedrea, Ramona; Gheldiu, Ana-Maria; Mocan, Andrei; Vlase, Laurian; Popa, Daniela-Saveta; Ferreira, Isabel C.F.R.

doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2019.03.006

Cited by 41 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 170 publications

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“…Polyphenols protect cells against free radicals and ROS, inhibiting mutagenesis and carcinogenesis by promoting apoptosis and autophagy in tumor cells. Moreover, they are epigenetic modulators, having real anticancer potential demonstrated in many in vitro and in vivo assays [5]. At the molecular level, extracts rich in polyphenols obtained from tree nut skin or by-products [15] showed inhibitory activity on key enzymes related to pathological conditions including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), obesity or skin hyperpigmentation [5].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The interest in traditional bioactive herbal compounds with less detrimental effects on human body than their synthetic counterparts is growing. Many clinical trials and cohort studies showed that consumption of foods (vegetables, fruits, nuts) rich in biologically active molecules with demonstrated antioxidant capacity, through different mechanisms of actions, has the potential to protect against cardiometabolic diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, or age-related sarcopenia and frailty [1,2,3,4,5]. Increased intake of antioxidants from tree nuts and peanuts influences risk factors associated with aging and can extend health span and lifespan [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enhanced Recovery of Antioxidant Compounds from Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Involucre Based on Extraction Optimization: Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activities

et al. 2019

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Tree nut by-products could contain a wide range of phytochemicals, natural antioxidants, which might be used as a natural source for dietary supplements. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the phenolic and sterolic composition, as well as the antioxidant and other biological activities, of hazelnut involucre (HI) extracts. Experimental designs were developed in order to select the optimum extraction conditions (solvent, temperature, time) using turbo-extraction by Ultra-Turrax for obtaining extracts rich in bioactive compounds. Qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed by LC-MS and LC-MS/MS and they revealed important amounts of individual polyphenols and phytosterols, molecules with antioxidant potential. The richest polyphenolic HI extract with the highest antioxidant activity by TEAC assay was further evaluated by other in vitro antioxidant tests (DPPH, FRAP) and enzyme inhibitory assays. Additionally, the cytotoxic and antioxidant effects of this extract on two cancerous cell lines and on normal cells were tested. This is the first study to analyze the composition of both hydrophilic and lipophilic bioactive compounds in HI extracts. Our findings reveal that this plant by-product presents strong biological activities, justifying further research, and it could be considered an inexpensive source of natural antioxidants for food, pharmaceutical, or cosmetic industry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Recovery of Antioxidant Compounds from Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Involucre Based on Extraction Optimization: Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activities

et al. 2019

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“…In the pharmacological screening step, natural products are currently examined as inhibitors of enzymes involved in physiological processes or various pathologies. The action of nuts or their by-product extracts against cholinesterase (neurodegenerative disorders), glucosidase (diabetes), or lipase (obesity) revealed encouraging results [ 7 ]. Since the effect of WS was previously investigated only on tyrosinase (an enzyme involved in skin wrinkles and aging) [ 4 ], we extended the analyses to determine the in vitro WSE effects on all the enzymes mentioned.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Septum: Assessment of Bioactive Molecules and In Vitro Biological Effects

et al. 2020

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Walnut (Juglans regia L.) septum represents an interesting bioactive compound source by-product. In our study, a rich phenolic walnut septum extract, previously selected, was further examined. The tocopherol content determined by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) revealed higher amounts of α-tocopherol compared to γ- and δ-tocopherols. Moreover, several biological activities were investigated. The in vitro inhibiting assessment against acetylcholinesterase, α-glucosidase, or lipase attested a real management potential in diabetes or obesity. The extract demonstrated very strong antimicrobial potential against Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Salmonella enteritidis. It also revealed moderate (36.08%) and strong (43.27%) antimutagenic inhibitory effects against TA 98 and TA 100 strains. The cytotoxicity of the extract was assessed on cancerous (A549, T47D-KBluc, MCF-7) and normal (human gingival fibroblasts (HGF)) cell lines. Flow cytometry measurements confirmed the cytotoxicity of the extract in the cancerous cell lines. Additionally, the extract demonstrated antioxidant activity on all four cell types, as well as anti-inflammatory activity by lowering the inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-1 β (IL-1β)) evaluated in HGF cells. To the best of our knowledge, most of the cellular model analyses were performed for the first time in this matrix. The results prove that walnut septum may be a potential phytochemical source for pharmaceutical and food industry.

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“…Biologically active antioxidant compounds found in nuts can modulate essential physiological processes inside human bodies and influence key mechanisms of actions involved in aging and age-associated diseases [154].…”

Section: Phytochemicals and Mechanisms Responsible For The Beneficmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Benefits of Nut Consumption in Middle-Aged and Elderly Population

et al. 2019

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Aging is considered the major risk factor for most chronic disorders. Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation are two major contributors for cellular senescence, downregulation of stress response pathways with a decrease of protective cellular activity and accumulation of cellular damage, leading in time to age-related diseases. This review investigated the most recent clinical trials and cohort studies published in the last ten years, which presented the influence of tree nut and peanut antioxidant diets in preventing or delaying age-related diseases in middle-aged and elderly subjects (≥55 years old). Tree nut and peanut ingestion has the possibility to influence blood lipid count, biochemical and anthropometric parameters, endothelial function and inflammatory biomarkers, thereby positively affecting cardiometabolic morbidity and mortality, cancers, and cognitive disorders, mainly through the nuts’ healthy lipid profile and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of actions. Clinical evidence and scientific findings demonstrate the importance of diets characterized by a high intake of nuts and emphasize their potential in preventing age-related diseases, validating the addition of tree nuts and peanuts in the diet of older adults. Therefore, increased consumption of bioactive antioxidant compounds from nuts clearly impacts many risk factors related to aging and can extend health span and lifespan.

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Benefits of tree nut consumption on aging and age-related diseases: Mechanisms of actions

Cited by 41 publications

References 170 publications

Enhanced Recovery of Antioxidant Compounds from Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Involucre Based on Extraction Optimization: Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activities

Enhanced Recovery of Antioxidant Compounds from Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Involucre Based on Extraction Optimization: Phytochemical Profile and Biological Activities

Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Septum: Assessment of Bioactive Molecules and In Vitro Biological Effects

Health Benefits of Nut Consumption in Middle-Aged and Elderly Population

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