Benefits of habit‐based informational interventions: a randomised controlled trial of fruit and vegetable consumption

Rompotis, Christopher; Grove, J. Robert; Byrne, Susan

doi:10.1111/1753-6405.12232

Cited by 25 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Interestingly, this was not the case as intention and habit strength did not significantly interact to predict parents' general healthy feeding indicating that for parents to be able to provide healthy food choices to their children involves both rational and automatic processes. This is in contrast to other eating behaviours whereby stronger habit strength reduces the importance of intention (De Bruijn, 2010), but is comparable to an Australian study on fruit and vegetable consumption (Rompotis, Grove, & Byrne, 2014). This could be because parents' healthy feeding practices are for their children whereas most previous studies have looked at personal eating behaviours.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Predicting what mothers feed their preschoolers: Guided by an extended theory of planned behaviour

et al. 2019

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Background: Healthy eating behaviours are important for physical and mental well-being and developing healthy eating behaviours early in life is important. As parents are the main providers of preschool children's food the main objective of this study was to use the theory of planned behaviour, expanded to include habit and past behaviour, to predict parents' healthy feeding intention and behaviour. Methods: Theory of planned behaviour, habit strength, and past behaviour were reported at baseline by 443 mothers. One week later, 235 mothers completed a healthy feeding questionnaire on the eating behaviours of their 2 to 4 year old child. Data were analysed using hierarchical regression analyses to predict parent's general healthy feeding behaviour, and five sub-behaviours: parents' perceptions of their child's fruit and vegetable consumption, healthy and unhealthy snacking behaviour, as well as healthy and unhealthy drinking behaviour. Results: Intention, perceived behavioural control, habit strength and past behaviour were all positively associated with parents' general healthy feeding (47% explained variance).Perceived behavioural control was the only variable positively associated with mothers' perception of their child's fruit and vegetable consumption and unhealthy snacking behaviour. The theory did not explain the other behaviours. Moreover, habit strength only strengthened the intentionbehaviour link for fruit and vegetable consumption and child's age was only positively associated with the mothers' perception of their child's unhealthy snacking behaviour. Discussion: The findings suggest important differences in the predictors of different feeding behaviours that can provide direction for future intervention development.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Predicting what mothers feed their preschoolers: Guided by an extended theory of planned behaviour

et al. 2019

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“…Only 3 of the 14 studies had recruited >500 participants at baseline [ 62 - 64 ], and 1 study had a sample size of <100 [ 64 ]. More than half of the interventions were conducted in the United States [ 62 , 64 , 67 , 69 , 71 , 73 , 75 ], 4 in Australia [ 65 , 65 , 67 , 72 ], 1 in New Zealand [ 74 ], and 1 in Malaysia [ 70 ]. The target audience was college or university students for the majority of the studies [ 62 , 63 , 67 - 75 ], and 3 studies reported their target audience to be young adults [ 64 - 66 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All but 2 studies recruited through the university or college setting [ 64 , 66 ]. Participants were recruited through undergraduate psychology courses in 2 studies [ 67 , 68 ], from random nonnutrition classes in 2 studies [ 69 , 70 ], and through advertisements and flyers posted on university grounds in 4 studies [ 62 , 63 , 65 , 71 , 72 ]. In 1 study a recruitment table was set up on campus [ 73 ], and another study invited patients attending the student university health service [ 74 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All studies recruited an intervention and a control group (see Multimedia Appendix 4 , Table S4), with 4 studies using multiple intervention and control arms [ 67 , 71 , 72 , 74 ]. A total of 6 studies provided no treatment to the control arm [ 67 , 68 , 70 , 71 , 74 , 75 ], 7 studies gave the comparator group general information not containing the intervention material [ 62 , 64 - 66 , 69 , 72 , 73 ], and 1 study provided the control group with the intervention material on completion of the follow-up assessment [ 63 ]. The duration of interventions and number of sessions were easily extrapolated from each study.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy and External Validity of Electronic and Mobile Phone-Based Interventions Promoting Vegetable Intake in Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Nour

Chen²,

Allman‐Farinelli³

2016

J Med Internet Res

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BackgroundYoung adults (18–35 years) remain among the lowest vegetable consumers in many western countries. The digital era offers opportunities to engage this age group in interventions in new and appealing ways.ObjectiveThis systematic review evaluated the efficacy and external validity of electronic (eHealth) and mobile phone (mHealth) -based interventions that promote vegetable intake in young adults.MethodsWe searched several electronic databases for studies published between 1990 and 2015, and 2 independent authors reviewed the quality and risk of bias of the eligible papers and extracted data for analyses. The primary outcome of interest was the change in vegetable intake postintervention. Where possible, we calculated effect sizes (Cohen d and 95% CIs) for comparison. A random effects model was applied to the data for meta-analysis. Reach and representativeness of participants, intervention implementation, and program maintenance were assessed to establish external validity. Published validation studies were consulted to determine the validity of tools used to measure intake. We applied the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system to evaluate the overall quality of the body of evidence.ResultsOf the 14 studies that met the selection criteria, we included 12 in the meta-analysis. In the meta-analysis, 7 studies found positive effects postintervention for fruit and vegetable intake, Cohen d 0.14–0.56 (pooled effect size 0.22, 95% CI 0.11–0.33, I2=68.5%, P=.002), and 4 recorded positive effects on vegetable intake alone, Cohen d 0.11–0.40 (pooled effect size 0.15, 95% CI 0.04–0.28, I2=31.4%, P=.2). These findings should be interpreted with caution due to variability in intervention design and outcome measures. With the majority of outcomes documented as a change in combined fruit and vegetable intake, it was difficult to determine intervention effects on vegetable consumption specifically. Measurement of intake was most commonly by self-report, with 5 studies using nonvalidated tools. Longer-term follow-up was lacking from most studies (n=12). Risk of bias was high among the included studies, and the overall body of evidence was rated as low quality. The applicability of interventions to the broader young adult community was unclear due to poor description of external validity components.ConclusionsPreliminary evidence suggests that eHealth and mHealth strategies may be effective in improving vegetable intake in young adults; whether these small effects have clinical or nutritional significance remains questionable. With studies predominantly reporting outcomes as fruit and vegetable intake combined, we suggest that interventions report vegetables separately. Furthermore, to confidently establish the efficacy of these strategies, better-quality interventions are needed for young adults, using valid measures of intake, with improved reporting on costs, sustainability and long-term effects of programs.Trial registrationPROSPERO International Prospective Register of Syste...

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“…This study design did not test the efficacy of the individual components, but the engagement data suggested that the coaching calls and text messages were useful to participants, with 100% and 90.9% reporting having used these components, respectively. A text message intervention in normal-weight young adults showed messages based on a habit framework can improve fruit consumption, and simply reminding young adults to be conscious of their food choices may be sufficient to improve their overall vegetable consumption [ 44 ]. Costs of delivering a mobile program could be reduced without coaching calls, but our previous pilot intervention did not detect effectiveness in dietary change with text messages alone, without coaching calls.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of a mHealth Lifestyle Program With Telephone Support (TXT2BFiT) to Prevent Unhealthy Weight Gain in Young Adults: Randomized Controlled Trial

Partridge

McGeechan²,

Hebden³

et al. 2015

JMIR mHealth uHealth

131

220

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BackgroundWeight gained in young adulthood often persists throughout later life with associated chronic disease risk. Despite this, current population prevention strategies are not specifically designed for young adults.ObjectiveWe designed and assessed the efficacy of an mHealth prevention program, TXT2BFiT, in preventing excess weight gain and improving dietary and physical activity behaviors in young adults at increased risk of obesity and unhealthy lifestyle choices.MethodsA two-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled trial was conducted. Subjects and analyzing researchers were blinded. A total of 250 18- to 35-year-olds with a high risk of weight gain, a body mass index (BMI) of 23.0 to 24.9 kg/m2 with at least 2 kg of weight gain in the previous 12 months, or a BMI of 25.0 to 31.9 kg/m2 were randomized to the intervention or control group. In the 12-week intervention period, the intervention group received 8 text messages weekly based on the transtheoretical model of behavior change, 1 email weekly, 5 personalized coaching calls, a diet booklet, and access to resources and mobile phone apps on a website. Control group participants received only 4 text messages and printed dietary and physical activity guidelines. Measured body weight and height were collected at baseline and at 12 weeks. Outcomes were assessed via online surveys at baseline and at 12 weeks, including self-reported weight and dietary and physical activity measures.ResultsA total of 214 participants—110 intervention and 104 control—completed the 12-week intervention period. A total of 10 participants out of 250 (4.0%)—10 intervention and 0 control—dropped out, and 26 participants (10.4%)—5 intervention and 21 control—did not complete postintervention online surveys. Adherence to coaching calls and delivery of text messages was over 90%. At 12 weeks, the intervention group were 2.2 kg (95% CI 0.8-3.6) lighter than controls (P=.005). Intervention participants consumed more vegetables (P=.009), fewer sugary soft drinks (P=.002), and fewer energy-dense takeout meals (P=.001) compared to controls. They also increased their total physical activity by 252.5 MET-minutes (95% CI 1.2-503.8, P=.05) and total physical activity by 1.3 days (95% CI 0.5-2.2, P=.003) compared to controls.ConclusionsThe TXT2BFiT low-intensity intervention was successful in preventing weight gain with modest weight loss and improvement in lifestyle behaviors among overweight young adults. The short-term success of the 12-week intervention period shows potential. Maintenance of the behavior change will be monitored at 9 months.Trial RegistrationTrial Registration: The Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12612000924853; https://www.anzctr.org.au/Trial/Registration/TrialReview.aspx?ACTRN=12612000924853 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6Z6w9LlS9).

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Benefits of habit‐based informational interventions: a randomised controlled trial of fruit and vegetable consumption

Cited by 25 publications

References 32 publications

Predicting what mothers feed their preschoolers: Guided by an extended theory of planned behaviour

Predicting what mothers feed their preschoolers: Guided by an extended theory of planned behaviour

Efficacy and External Validity of Electronic and Mobile Phone-Based Interventions Promoting Vegetable Intake in Young Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Effectiveness of a mHealth Lifestyle Program With Telephone Support (TXT2BFiT) to Prevent Unhealthy Weight Gain in Young Adults: Randomized Controlled Trial

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