Benefits of flooding-induced aquatic adventitious roots depend on the duration of submergence: linking plant performance to root functioning

Zhang, Qian; Huber, Heidrun; Beljaars, Simone J. M.; Birnbaum, Diana; Best, Sander de; Kroon, Hans de; Visser, Eric J. W.

doi:10.1093/aob/mcx049

Cited by 58 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(59 reference statements)

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“…S8) support for our first hypothesis that heavy rainfall negatively affect grassland C sink function. Such a C sink reduction is consistent with well‐known findings that plant photosynthesis is inhibited by flooding, mainly as a result of stomatal closure (Chen et al ., ; Zhang et al ., ; Ziegler et al ., ). In addition to stomatal factors, ecosystem‐level photosynthesis reduction may result from either chlorosis and premature leaf senescence caused by ethylene production under flooding stress or a decrease in water and N uptake as a result of reduced root production (Chen et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological responses to heavy rainfall depend on seasonal timing and multi‐year recurrence

Zheng

et al. 2019

New Phytologist

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Summary Heavy rainfall events are expected to increase in frequency and severity in the future. However, their effects on natural ecosystems are largely unknown, in particular with different seasonal timing of the events and recurrence over multiple years. We conducted a 4 yr manipulative experiment to explore grassland response to heavy rainfall imposed in either the middle of, or late in, the growing season in Inner Mongolia, China. We measured hierarchical responses at individual, community and ecosystem levels. Surprisingly, above‐ground biomass remained stable in the face of heavy rainfall, regardless of seasonal timing, whereas heavy rainfall late in the growing season had consistent negative impacts on below‐ground and total biomass. However, such negative biomass effects were not significant for heavy rainfall in the middle of the growing season. By contrast, heavy rainfall in the middle of the growing season had greater positive effects on ecosystem CO2 exchanges, mainly reflected in the latter 2 yr of the 4 yr experiment. This two‐stage response of CO2 fluxes was regulated by increased community‐level leaf area and leaf‐level photosynthesis and interannual variability of natural precipitation. Overall, our study demonstrates that ecosystem impacts of heavy rainfall events crucially depend on the seasonal timing and multiannual recurrence. Plant physiological and morphological adjustment appeared to improve the capacity of the ecosystem to respond positively to heavy rainfall.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological responses to heavy rainfall depend on seasonal timing and multi‐year recurrence

Zheng

et al. 2019

New Phytologist

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“…Partially submerged Solanum dulcamara showed a strong positive correlation between the uptake of phosphate from the floodwater and the total mass of aquatic adventitious roots (Zhang et al, 2017a). Moreover, partially submerged plants that were allowed to form plenty of aquatic adventitious roots showed higher transpiration and more growth than plants in which the formation of aquatic adventitious roots was experimentally stunted (Zhang et al, 2017a). The advantages summarized above only appeared during prolonged partial submergence (3 and 4 weeks).…”

Section: Aquatic Adventitious Rootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These aquatic adventitious roots extend into the water column and take up nutrients dissolved in the floodwater (Cumbus and Robinson, 1977;Khan et al, 1982). Partially submerged Solanum dulcamara showed a strong positive correlation between the uptake of phosphate from the floodwater and the total mass of aquatic adventitious roots (Zhang et al, 2017a). Moreover, partially submerged plants that were allowed to form plenty of aquatic adventitious roots showed higher transpiration and more growth than plants in which the formation of aquatic adventitious roots was experimentally stunted (Zhang et al, 2017a).…”

Section: Aquatic Adventitious Rootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of Root Traits for Internal Aeration and Tolerance to Soil Waterlogging-Flooding Stress

et al. 2017

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“…This includes both aquatic and riparian species (O'Hare, Mountford, Maroto, & Gunn, ; Politti, Bertoldi, Gurnell, & Henshaw, ). Adventitious root development in particular seems to be advantageous in habitats subject to frequent flooding and prolonged inundation (Zhang et al, ), a possibility more likely under climate change for many regions. In particular, species that rapidly establish in disturbed areas, termed the “always‐ready strategy” (Barrat‐Segretain, ; Barrat‐Segretain & Bornette, ), tend to share this trait, and as such may benefit from a more variable environment.…”

Section: Changes To Vegetation Communities Within the Riverscapementioning

confidence: 99%

Climate change and European rivers: An eco‐hydromorphological perspective

O’Briain

2019

Ecohydrology

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Climate change is expected to modify temperature and precipitation patterns throughout Europe, leading to warmer drier summers; wetter, milder winters; and an extended growing season. Alterations to feedbacks between important eco‐physical structuring processes driven by climate change may modulate river morphology, floodplain characteristics, and their biological communities. Current understanding is reviewed and synthesised to explore the potential responses, mechanisms, and ramifications of climatic shifts for the European riverscape. Fundamental drivers of change are expected to be (a) disturbance deviation beyond the historical norm and (b) vegetation morphodynamics, a key river process where ecological and fluvial‐geomorphological attributes interact to shape the physical environment. Increased seasonal temperature, summer drought, and winter flooding may affect the colonisation, growth, and mortality of plant species with consequences for riverscape structure and function as succession patterns adjust with repercussions for hydraulics and sediment dynamics. Such opposing winter and summer climate regimes are likely to impact vegetation patch dynamics, reflected in an increasingly variable patch mosaic as disturbance intensity deviates further from historical background conditions. How changes to climate drivers manifest themselves in individual river systems will also be affected by attributes such as catchment topography, geology, vegetation type, and previous human alterations. Where large scale change occurs, it will have consequences for the type and function of biological communities inhabiting the riverscape. Conventional engineering responses to meteorological disturbance will amplify the effect on river biota by reducing their ecological resilience, highlighting the need for a management response that integrates ecological and societal benefits simultaneously.

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Benefits of flooding-induced aquatic adventitious roots depend on the duration of submergence: linking plant performance to root functioning

Cited by 58 publications

References 46 publications

Ecological responses to heavy rainfall depend on seasonal timing and multi‐year recurrence

Ecological responses to heavy rainfall depend on seasonal timing and multi‐year recurrence

Regulation of Root Traits for Internal Aeration and Tolerance to Soil Waterlogging-Flooding Stress

Climate change and European rivers: An eco‐hydromorphological perspective

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