Benefits of commercial weight-loss programs on blood pressure and lipids: a systematic review

Mehta, Ankur; Doshi, Ruchi S.; Chaudhry, Zoobia W; Jacobs, David K.; Vakil, Rachit M.; Lee, Clare J.; Bleich, Sara N.; Clark, Jeanne M.; Gudzune, Kimberly A.

doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.06.028

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Similar to ours, a randomised study with 104 pre-diabetic drivers showed a slight decrease of weight and BMI in the SMS intervention group, with no mean change in WC, fasting glucose and lipids between groups, over time or in interaction effect between groups and time [ 30 ]. This is also similar to the findings of several diet recommendation trials when lipid outcomes did not differ after intervention in spite of a slight weight loss [ 33 ]. Most probably, the achieved relative weight loss is not sufficient to result in substantial lipid changes in premorbid subjects unlike insulin resistance.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Text messaging (SMS) as a tool to facilitate weight loss and prevent metabolic deterioration in clinically healthy overweight and obese subjects: a randomised controlled trial

Silina

Tessma

Senkane

et al. 2017

Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care

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ObjectiveTo examine whether SMS text messaging facilitates a reduction of weight and waist circumference (WC) and favourable changes in lipid profile and insulin levels in clinically healthy overweight and obese subjects.DesignA randomised controlled trial.Setting and interventionPrimary care health centre in Riga, Latvia. Text messaging once in two weeks.SubjectsA total of 123 overweight and obese men and women aged 30–45 years with no cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) or diabetes.Main outcome measures: changes in anthropometric parameters (weight, WC, body mass index (BMI)) and biochemical parameters (lipids, fasting glucose and insulin).ResultsWe found a statistically significant decrease in weight (2.4%), BMI and WC (4.8%) in the intervention group, while the control group showed a statistically non-significant increase in weight and BMI and decrease in WC. Between group results obtained over the course of a year showed statistically significant mean differences between weight (–3.4 kg (95% CI –5.5, –1.3)), BMI kg/m2 (–1.14 (95% CI –1.9, –0.41)), WC (–4.6 cm (95% CI –6.8, –2.3)), hip circumference (–4.0 cm (95% CI –5.9, –2.0)) and fasting insulin (2.43 μU/ml (95% CI 0.6, 4.3)). Mean differences of changes in glucose and lipid levels were statistically non significant: fasting glucose (–0.01 mmol/l (95% CI –0.19, 0.17)), TC mmol/l (–0.04 mmol/l (95% CI –0.29, 0.21)), HDL-C (0.14 mmol/l (95% CI –0.65, 0.09)), LDL-C (–0.02 mmol/l (95% CI –0.22, 0.18)) and TG (0.23 mmol/l (95% CI –0.06, 0.52)).ConclusionsSMS messaging in clinically healthy overweight and obese subjects facilitates a slight decrease in weight, BMI and WC. It is anticipated that the implications of this strategy might facilitate the design of preventive and promotive strategies among high risk groups in Latvia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Text messaging (SMS) as a tool to facilitate weight loss and prevent metabolic deterioration in clinically healthy overweight and obese subjects: a randomised controlled trial

Silina

Tessma

Senkane

et al. 2017

Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care

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“…To identify the RCTs of these 24 programs, we updated a 2005 systematic review and have previously published these results . In brief, we searched MEDLINE and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews from inception to November 2014.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We determined the range of reported within‐group mean weight change among RCTs by program and time point. Similar to our previous studies , we did not perform meta‐analyses given the heterogeneous study populations, varying analysis types, and lack of variance estimates. We compared the magnitude of median weight change within the testimonials with the mean weight change reported from the RCTs of the 10 programs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commercial Programs' Online Weight‐Loss Claims Compared to Results from Randomized Controlled Trials

Vakil

Chaudhry

Doshi

et al. 2017

Obesity

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ObjectiveTo characterize weight-loss claims and disclaimers present on websites for commercial weight-loss programs and compare them to results from published randomized controlled trials (RCT).MethodsWe performed a content analysis of all homepages and testimonials available on the websites of 24 randomly selected programs. Two team members independently reviewed each page and abstracted information from text and images to capture relevant content including demographics, weight loss, and disclaimers. We performed a systematic review to evaluate the efficacy of these programs by searching MEDLINE and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and abstracted mean weight change from each included RCT.ResultsOverall, the amount of weight loss portrayed in the testimonials was extreme across all programs examined (range median weight loss 10.7 to 49.5 kg). Only 10 out of the 24 programs had eligible RCTs. Median weight losses reported in testimonials exceeded that achieved by trial participants. Most programs with RCTs (78%) provided disclaimers stating that the testimonial's results were non-typical and/or giving a range of typical weight loss.ConclusionWeight loss claims within testimonials were higher than results from RCTs. Future studies should examine whether commercial programs' advertising practices influence patients' expectations or satisfaction with modest weight loss results.

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“…Programs vary in terms of meeting evidence-based recommendations, such as high-intensity counseling, prescription of a moderately reduced-calorie diet, increased physical activity, and behavior change strategies [5, 9], and therefore may vary in effectiveness at impacting both weight and cardiometabolic outcomes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of nutrition club membership with markers of health: a cross sectional study

et al. 2017

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BackgroundNutrition clubs (NC) operate in community settings and provide members with nutrition education and meal replacements for weight management. NC are owned and operated by distributors of Herbalife products. There are over 6200 NC in the US, but there has been no independent assessment of the association of these NC with biomarkers of health.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional pilot study to compare the health status of 100 NC members to 100 community-matched controls (CC) in the greater Boston area. Each CC was matched to a NC member for community of residence (zip code), age category, gender, BMI category, race/ethnicity, education level (category), and readiness to make health changes. Measures obtained included cardio-metabolic risk factors, body composition, markers of nutritional status, reported health status, dietary intake, physical activity, sleep and depression.ResultsParticipants were predominantly female (64%) and Hispanic (73%). NC members had significantly lower fasting insulin (P < 0.001) and lower HbA1c (P = 0.008), higher levels of 25 hydroxy-vitamin D (P = 0.001), and vitamin E:cholesterol ratio (P < 0.001), and lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome (P = 0.02) compared to CC. In addition, most of the NC members (99%) were satisfied with Herbalife NC membership for themselves and their families. A higher percentage of NC members (86%) compared to CC (32%) reported being in much better or somewhat better health compared to a year ago (P < 0.001); and they reported significantly better physical health (P = 0.03), and fewer sleep problems (P = 0.03).ConclusionHerbalife NC membership was positively associated with perceived health and measured cardiometabolic benefits. However, causality cannot be inferred from these findings.

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Benefits of commercial weight-loss programs on blood pressure and lipids: a systematic review

Cited by 20 publications

References 31 publications

Text messaging (SMS) as a tool to facilitate weight loss and prevent metabolic deterioration in clinically healthy overweight and obese subjects: a randomised controlled trial

Text messaging (SMS) as a tool to facilitate weight loss and prevent metabolic deterioration in clinically healthy overweight and obese subjects: a randomised controlled trial

Commercial Programs' Online Weight‐Loss Claims Compared to Results from Randomized Controlled Trials

Association of nutrition club membership with markers of health: a cross sectional study

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