Beneficial effects of treadmill training in a cerebral palsy-like rodent model: Walking pattern and soleus quantitative histology

Marcuzzo, Simone; Dutra, Márcio Ferreira; Stigger, Felipe de Souza; Nascimento, Patrícia Severo do; Ilha, Jocemar; Kalil-Gaspar, Pedro Ivo; Achaval, Matilde

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.05.042

Cited by 36 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Botulinum toxin A (BoNT‐A) has been widely used in the management of spasticity such as in patients with stroke or cerebral palsy 9, 10. Although several studies support the beneficial effects of treadmill training in patients with spasticity,11, 12 the effects of this training in physiological adaptation to paralysis caused by BoNT‐A is still an unanswered question. BoNT‐A is a bacterial zinc‐dependent endopeptidase that acts specifically on neuromuscular junctions 13.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of treadmill running on rat gastrocnemius function following botulinum toxin A injection

Tsai

Chen

et al. 2011

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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Exercise can improve and maintain neural or muscular function, but the effects of exercise in physiological adaptation to paralysis caused by botulinum toxin A has not been well studied. Twenty-four rats were randomly assigned into control and treadmill groups. The rats assigned to the treadmill group were trained on a treadmill three times per week with the running speed set at 15 m/min. The duration of training was 20 min/session. Muscle strength, nerve conduction study and sciatic functional index (SFI) were used for functional analysis. Treadmill training improved the SFI at 2, 3, and 4 weeks (p = 0.01, 0.004, and 0.01, respectively). The maximal contraction force of the gastrocnemius muscle in the treadmill group was greater than in the control group (p < 0.05). The percentage of activated fibers was higher in the treadmill botox group than the percentage for the control botox group, which was demonstrated by differences in amplitude and area of compound muscle action potential (CMAP) under the curve between the groups (p < 0.05). After BoNT-A injection, treadmill improved the physiological properties of muscle contraction strength, CMAP amplitude, and the recovery of SFI.

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confidence: 99%

Effects of treadmill running on rat gastrocnemius function following botulinum toxin A injection

Tsai

Chen

et al. 2011

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…It is largely accepted that exercise training exerts a beneficial effect in some lymphomas and in colon, lung, endometrial, prostate and breast cancer [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Systematic reviews have concluded that the practice of physical activity in cancer patients improves important clinical (quality of life and fatigue) and physiological outcomes (muscle strength) [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term exercise training as a modulator of mammary cancer vascularization

Faustino-Rocha

Silva

Gabriel

et al. 2016

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy

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Background: Breast cancer remains a leading cause of death by cancer worldwide. It is commonly accepted that angiogenesis and the expression of angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) is associated with the increased risk of metastasis and poor patient outcome.Objective: This work aimed to evaluate the effects of long-term exercise training on the growth and vascularization of mammary tumors in a rat model. Materials and methods:Fifty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: two N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-exposed groups (exercised and sedentary) and two control groups (exercised and sedentary). MNU was administered once, intraperitoneally at 7 weeks-old. Animals were then exercised on a treadmill for 35 weeks. Mammary tumors were evaluated using thermography, ultrasonography [Power Doppler (PDI), B Flow and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS)], and immunohistochemistry (VEGF-A).Results: Both, MNU sedentary and exercised groups showed 100% of tumor incidence, but exercised animals showed less tumors with an increased latency period. Exercise training also enhanced VEGF-A immunoexpression and vascularization (microvessel density, MVD) (p < 0.05), and reduced histological aggressiveness. Ultrasound and 2 -thermal imaging analysis confirmed the enhanced vascularization of tumors on exercised animals.Conclusion: Long-term exercise training increased VEGF-A expression, leading to enhanced tumor vascularization and reduced tumor burden, multiplicity and histological aggressiveness.

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“…One of the treatment choices for spasticity is the intramuscular injection of botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) [10, 11]. Although several studies support the beneficial effects of treadmill training, most excluded BoNT-A-treated patients or did not mention these patients [12–14]. The effects of treadmill training on the physiological adaptation to paralysis effects caused by BoNT-A remain poorly understood.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Mechanisms of Treadmill Therapy on Neuromuscular Atrophy Induced via Botulinum Toxin A

et al. 2013

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Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) is a bacterial zinc-dependent endopeptidase that acts specifically on neuromuscular junctions. BoNT-A blocks the release of acetylcholine, thereby decreasing the ability of a spastic muscle to generate forceful contraction, which results in a temporal local weakness and the atrophy of targeted muscles. BoNT-A-induced temporal muscle weakness has been used to manage skeletal muscle spasticity, such as poststroke spasticity, cerebral palsy, and cervical dystonia. However, the combined effect of treadmill exercise and BoNT-A treatment is not well understood. We previously demonstrated that for rats, following BoNT-A injection in the gastrocnemius muscle, treadmill running improved the recovery of the sciatic functional index (SFI), muscle contraction strength, and compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitude and area. Treadmill training had no influence on gastrocnemius mass that received BoNT-A injection, but it improved the maximal contraction force of the gastrocnemius, and upregulation of GAP-43, IGF-1, Myo-D, Myf-5, myogenin, and acetylcholine receptor (AChR) subunits α and β was found following treadmill training. Taken together, these results suggest that the upregulation of genes associated with neurite and AChR regeneration following treadmill training may contribute to enhanced gastrocnemius strength recovery following BoNT-A injection.

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Beneficial effects of treadmill training in a cerebral palsy-like rodent model: Walking pattern and soleus quantitative histology

Cited by 36 publications

References 52 publications

Effects of treadmill running on rat gastrocnemius function following botulinum toxin A injection

Effects of treadmill running on rat gastrocnemius function following botulinum toxin A injection

Long-term exercise training as a modulator of mammary cancer vascularization

Molecular Mechanisms of Treadmill Therapy on Neuromuscular Atrophy Induced via Botulinum Toxin A

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