Beneficial effects of the Mediterranean spices and aromas on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Baselga-Escudero, Laura; Souza-Mello, Vanessa; Pascual-Serrano, Aïda; Rachid, Tamiris Lima; Voci, Adriana; Demori, Ilaria; Grasselli, Elena

doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2016.11.019

Cited by 29 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 251 publications

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“…Spices and herbs have been extensively studied in different countries because of the high antioxidant activity in certain spices and their beneficial effects on human health [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. As part of our diet, spices and herbs, in addition to fruits and vegetables, could provide us with additional sources of natural antioxidants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Activity of Spices and Their Impact on Human Health: A Review

et al. 2017

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Antioxidants are substances that prevent oxidation of other compounds or neutralize free radicals. Spices and herbs are rich sources of antioxidants. They have been used in food and beverages to enhance flavor, aroma and color. Due to their excellent antioxidant activity, spices and herbs have also been used to treat some diseases. In this review article, the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of spices and culinary herbs are presented. The content of flavonoids and total polyphenols in different spices and herbs are summarized. The applications of spices and their impacts on human health are briefly described. The extraction and analytical methods for determination of antioxidant capacity are concisely reviewed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Activity of Spices and Their Impact on Human Health: A Review

et al. 2017

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“…While the knowledge of the complex pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the onset and progression of livers steatosis has increased exponentially, a definitive therapy is still missing in NAFLD/NASH patients. Medicinal plants are largely employed as the source of dietary supplements ( 22 ). Silymarin, the extract from milk thistle ( Silybum marianum ), and its major active compound silybin are hepatoprotective agents for the treatment of liver diseases ( 23 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Nutraceutic Silybin Counteracts Excess Lipid Accumulation and Ongoing Oxidative Stress in an In Vitro Model of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Progression

et al. 2017

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Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. Oxidative stress and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), are major consequences of hepatic lipid overload, which can contribute to progression of NAFLD to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Also, mitochondria are involved in the NAFLD pathogenesis for their role in hepatic lipid metabolism. Definitive treatments for NAFLD/NASH are lacking so far. Silybin, the extract of the milk thistle seeds, has previously shown beneficial effects in NAFLD. Sequential exposure of hepatocytes to high concentrations of fatty acids (FAs) and TNFα resulted in fat overload and oxidative stress, which mimic in vitro the progression of NAFLD from simple steatosis (SS) to steatohepatitis (SH). The exposure to 50 µM silybin for 24 h reduced fat accumulation in the model of NAFLD progression. The in vitro progression of NAFLD from SS to SH resulted in reduced hepatocyte viability, increased apoptosis and oxidative stress, reduction in lipid droplet size, and up-regulation of IκB kinase β-interacting protein and adipose triglyceride lipase expressions. The direct action of silybin on SS or SH cells and the underlying mechanisms were assessed. Beneficial action of silybin was sustained by changes in expression/activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and enzymes for FA oxidation. Moreover, silybin counteracted the FA-induced mitochondrial damage by acting on complementary pathways: (i) increased the mitochondrial size and improved the mitochondrial cristae organization; (ii) stimulated mitochondrial FA oxidation; (iii) reduced basal and maximal respiration and ATP production in SH cells; (iv) stimulated ATP production in SS cells; and (v) rescued the FA-induced apoptotic signals and oxidative stress in SH cells. We provide new insights about the direct protective effects of the nutraceutic silybin on hepatocytes mimicking in vitro NAFLD progression.

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“…Rosemary ( Rosmarinus officinalis ) and common sage ( Salvia officinalis ) contain multiple bioactive components including carnosic acid (CA), rosmarinic acid, carnosol, caffeic acid, and ursolic acid, which have antioxidant, antinflammatory, anti-steatosis and anticancer properties [ 17 – 19 ]. Whole extracts and/or purified components isolated from rosemary have been shown to inhibit the in vitro and in vivo cell growth from solid tumors including BCs and leukemia cells [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cooperative antitumor activities of carnosic acid and Trastuzumab in ERBB2+ breast cancer cells

D’Alesio

Bellese

Gagliani

et al. 2017

J Exp Clin Cancer Res

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BackgroundERBB2 is overexpressed in up to 20–30% of human breast cancers (BCs), and it is associated with aggressive disease. Trastuzumab (Tz), a humanized monoclonal antibody, improves the prognosis associated with ERBB2-amplified BCs. However, the development of resistance remains a significant challenge. Carnosic acid (CA) is a diterpene found in rosemary and sage, endowed with anticancer properties. In this in vitro study, we have investigated whether Tz and CA have cooperative effects on cell survival of ERBB2 overexpressing (ERBB2+) cells and whether CA might restore Tz sensitivity in Tz-resistant cells.MethodsWe have studied BC cell migration and survival upon CA and Tz treatment. In particular, migration ability was assessed by transwell assay while cell survival was assessed by MTT assay. In addition, we have performed cell cycle and apoptosis analysis by high-resolution DNA flow cytometry and annexin-V, resazurin and sytox blue staining by flow cytometry, respectively. The expression of proteins involved in cell cycle progression, ERBB2 signaling pathway, and autophagy was evaluated by immunoblot and immunofluorescence analysis. Cellular structures relevant to the endosome/lysosome and autophagy pathways have been studied by immunofluorescence and transmission electron microscopy.ResultsWe report that, in ERBB2+ BC cells, CA reversibly enhances Tz inhibition of cell survival, cooperatively inhibits cell migration and induces cell cycle arrest in G0/G1. These events are accompanied by ERBB2 down-regulation, deregulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and up-regulation of both CDKN1A/p21WAF1 and CDKN1B/p27KIP1. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that CA impairs late autophagy and causes derangement of the lysosomal compartment as shown by up-regulation of SQSTM1/p62 and ultrastructural analysis. Accordingly, we have found that CA restores, at least in part, sensitivity to Tz in SKBR-3 Tz-resistant cell line.ConclusionsOur data demonstrate the cooperation between CA and Tz in inhibiting cell migration and survival of ERBB2+ BC cells that warrant further studies to establish if CA or CA derivatives may be useful in vivo in the treatment of ERBB2+ cancers.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13046-017-0615-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Beneficial effects of the Mediterranean spices and aromas on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Cited by 29 publications

References 251 publications

Antioxidant Activity of Spices and Their Impact on Human Health: A Review

Antioxidant Activity of Spices and Their Impact on Human Health: A Review

The Nutraceutic Silybin Counteracts Excess Lipid Accumulation and Ongoing Oxidative Stress in an In Vitro Model of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Progression

Cooperative antitumor activities of carnosic acid and Trastuzumab in ERBB2+ breast cancer cells

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