Beneficial effects of heat-treated <i>Enterococcus faecalis</i> FK-23 on high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis in mice

Kondoh, Masatoshi; Shimada, Takashi; Fukada, Kazutake; Morita, Mayuko; Katada, Kazuhiro; Higashimura, Yasuki; Mizushima, Katsura; Okamori, Mariko; Naito, Yuji; Yoshikawa, Toshikazu

doi:10.1017/s0007114514001792

Cited by 25 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The biomarker discovery tool LEfSe also showed lower relative abundance of Enterococcus, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas , and Hydrogenophilus in the stool of neonates delivered vaginally to overweight mothers compared to the stool of neonates delivered vaginally to normal weight mothers. Enterococcus faecalis FK-23, isolated from the feces of a healthy human subject, has been shown to inhibit development of obesity and hepatic steatosis in mice fed a high fat diet 33 . Double blind, placebo controlled feeding trials have shown that Enterococcus subgroups can be increased through a whole grain, prebiotic diet 34 35 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth mode-dependent association between pre-pregnancy maternal weight status and the neonatal intestinal microbiome

Mueller

Shin

Pizoni

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

119

115

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The intestinal microbiome is a unique ecosystem that influences metabolism in humans. Experimental evidence indicates that intestinal microbiota can transfer an obese phenotype from humans to mice. Since mothers transmit intestinal microbiota to their offspring during labor, we hypothesized that among vaginal deliveries, maternal body mass index is associated with neonatal gut microbiota composition. We report the association of maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index on stool microbiota from 74 neonates, 18 born vaginally (5 to overweight or obese mothers) and 56 by elective C-section (26 to overweight or obese mothers). Compared to neonates delivered vaginally to normal weight mothers, neonates born to overweight or obese mothers had a distinct gut microbiota community structure (weighted UniFrac distance PERMANOVA, p < 0.001), enriched in Bacteroides and depleted in Enterococcus, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas, and Hydrogenophilus. We show that these microbial signatures are predicted to result in functional differences in metabolic signaling and energy regulation. In contrast, among elective Cesarean deliveries, maternal body mass index was not associated with neonatal gut microbiota community structure (weighted UniFrac distance PERMANOVA, p = 0.628). Our findings indicate that excess maternal pre-pregnancy weight is associated with differences in neonatal acquisition of microbiota during vaginal delivery, but not Cesarean delivery. These differences may translate to altered maintenance of metabolic health in the offspring.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Birth mode-dependent association between pre-pregnancy maternal weight status and the neonatal intestinal microbiome

Mueller

Shin

Pizoni

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

119

115

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“…Enterococcus species may be a promising probiotic with recent work suggesting that Enterococcus faecalis reduces adiposity and hepatic steatosis in high-fat-fed mice. 29 Given that VSG-induced changes in Akkermansia, Adlercreutzia, Turicibacteraceae and Enterococcus were present in both genotypes, these shifts do not appear to contribute to TGR5-driven improvements in glucose homeostasis. Given that bacterial species known to play an important role in bile acid metabolism did not differ between VSG WT and VSG KO, it does not appear that alterations in the relative abundance of different gut microbial species contribute to VSG-induced shifts in bile acid profile.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 93%

TGR5 contributes to glucoregulatory improvements after vertical sleeve gastrectomy in mice

McGavigan

Garibay

Henseler

et al. 2015

Gut

188

180

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Objective Vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) produces high rates of type 2 diabetes remission; however, the mechanisms responsible remain incompletely defined. VSG increases circulating bile acid concentrations and bile acid signalling through TGR5 improves glucose homeostasis. Therefore, we investigated the role of TGR5 signalling in mediating the glucoregulatory benefits of VSG. Design VSG or sham surgery was performed in high-fat-fed male Tgr5+/+ (wild type) and Tgr5−/− (knockout) littermates. Sham-operated mice were fed ad libitum or food restricted to match their body weight to VSG-operated mice. Body weight, food intake, energy expenditure, insulin signalling and circulating bile acid profiles were measured and oral glucose tolerance testing, islet immunohistochemistry and gut microbial profiling were performed. Results VSG decreased food intake and body weight, increased energy expenditure and circulating bile acid concentrations, improved fasting glycaemia, glucose tolerance and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, enhanced nutrient-stimulated glucagon-like peptide 1 secretion and produced favourable shifts in gut microbial populations in both genotypes. However, the body weight-independent improvements in fasting glycaemia, glucose tolerance, hepatic insulin signalling, hepatic infiammation and islet morphology after VSG were attenuated in Tgr5−/− relative to Tgr5+/+ mice. Furthermore, VSG produced metabolically favourable alterations in circulating bile acid profiles that were blunted in Tgr5−/− relative to Tgr5+/+ mice. TGR5-dependent regulation of hepatic Cyp8b1 expression may have contributed to TGR5-mediated shifts in the circulating bile acid pool after VSG. Conclusions These results suggest that TGR5 contributes to the glucoregulatory benefits of VSG surgery by promoting metabolically favourable shifts in the circulating bile acid pool.

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“…There have been reports that oral administration of FK-23 reduced the levels of ALT and glucose in sera as well as the accumulation of lipid in the liver in a high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis mice model [ 21 ]. Hepatic steatosis is known to eventually develop into cirrhosis leading to HCC, and the progression is similar to that of HCV infection [ 22 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety and long-term effect of the probiotic FK-23 in patients with hepatitis C virus infection

Lwin

Kyaw

et al. 2016

Bioscience of Microbiota, Food and Health

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A clinical trial was conducted on 39 adult HCV-positive subjects to determine the safety and long-term effect of the probiotic FK-23 (heat-treated Enterococcus faecalis strain FK-23). Asymptomatic anti-HCV positive adults who fulfilled the selection criteria and gave voluntary consent were recruited from attendees of the Hepatitis Carrier Clinic, Department of Medical Research (Lower Myanmar). Each subject was given 2,700 mg of FK-23 per day by oral route. Blood samples were taken at enrollment and every 3 months and tested for alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST). Viral load, urea, total protein, hemoglobin and platelet count were determined every 6 months. Among the subjects, 23 completed 36 months, 31 completed 24 months, 35 completed 12 months and 37 completed 6 months of probiotic therapy. Significant decreases in mean ALT levels were observed at 3 months (34. 9 ± 15.1 IU/l) as compared with the initial level (64.8 ± 17.5 IU/l) and persisted up to 36 months (43.7 ± 25.2 IU/l). Decrease of AST was detected after 9 months (46.2 ± 21.7 IU/l) of probiotic therapy as compared with the initial level (64.3 ± 28.7 IU/l). FK-23 was safe based on the stable levels of biochemical and hematological parameters and the absence of untoward side effects. The FK-23 preparation was well tolerated and accepted by the subjects.

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Beneficial effects of heat-treated Enterococcus faecalis FK-23 on high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis in mice

Cited by 25 publications

References 33 publications

Birth mode-dependent association between pre-pregnancy maternal weight status and the neonatal intestinal microbiome

Birth mode-dependent association between pre-pregnancy maternal weight status and the neonatal intestinal microbiome

TGR5 contributes to glucoregulatory improvements after vertical sleeve gastrectomy in mice

Safety and long-term effect of the probiotic FK-23 in patients with hepatitis C virus infection

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