Beneficial effects of adequate iodine supply on characteristics of thyroid autonomy

Gaberšček, Simona; Bajuk, Vid; Zaletel, Katja; Pirnat, Edvard; Hojker, Sergej

doi:10.1111/cen.12215

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 28 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, in 2009, patients with the newly diagnosed thyroid autonomy were older and less frequently hyperthyroid than patients in 1998. This again confirms the effects of iodine deficiency are time-dependent (24). Literature data regarding iodine supply and thyroid autonomy are scarce and inconclusive.…”

Section: Iodine and Thyroid Disorderssupporting

confidence: 71%

Epidemiological trends of iodine-related thyroid disorders: an example from Slovenia

Gaberšček

Zaletel

2016

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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The epidemiology of thyroid disorders is significantly associated with iodine supply. In 1999, Slovenia increased iodine content in kitchen salt from 10 mg to 25 mg of potassium iodide per kg of salt. According to the WHO criteria, Slovenia shifted from a mildly iodine-deficient country to a country with adequate iodine intake. Ten years after the increase in iodine intake, the incidence of diffuse goitre and thyroid autonomy decreased. Now patients with diffuse goitre and thyroid autonomy reach older age than the patients before the increase in iodine intake. In addition, patients with thyroid autonomy are less frequently hyperthyroid than ten years ago and iodine-induced hyperthyroidism is less severe. The incidence of highly malignant thyroid carcinoma has also dropped. However, the incidence of Hashimoto's thyroiditis increased, most probably in genetically predisposed individuals. Over the last ten years, many animal and in vitro studies evaluated the effects of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) on various aspects of the thyroid function. They mostly studied the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and dioxins, brominated flame retardants, phthalates, bisphenol A, perfluorinated chemicals, and perchlorate. However, human studies on the effects of EDCs on the thyroid function are very scarce, especially the long-term ones. What they do suggest is that PCBs and dioxins interfere with the transport of thyroid hormones and adversely affect the thyroid function. Many authors agree that iodine deficiency predisposes the thyroid gland to harmful effects of EDCs. Therefore the effects of EDCs in iodine-deficient areas could be more severe than in areas with adequate iodine intake.

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Section: Iodine and Thyroid Disorderssupporting

confidence: 71%

Epidemiological trends of iodine-related thyroid disorders: an example from Slovenia

Gaberšček

Zaletel

2016

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Incidence of thyroid disorders in the second decade of adequate iodine supply in Slovenia

Gaberšček

Zaletel

2020

Wien Klin Wochenschr

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Ensuring Effective Prevention of Iodine Deficiency Disorders

Völzke

Caron

Dahl³

et al. 2016

Thyroid

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Monitoring studies can be optimized by including centralized standardization procedures that improve the comparison between studies. No study of iodine consumption can replace the direct measurement of health outcomes and the evaluation of the costs and benefits of the program. It is particularly important that health economic evaluation should be conducted in mildly iodine-deficient areas and that it should include populations from regions with different environmental, ethnic, and cultural backgrounds.

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Beneficial effects of adequate iodine supply on characteristics of thyroid autonomy

Abstract: In adequate iodine supply, TA is less frequent, patients are less often hyperthyroid, they are older and cured with higher doses of radioiodine than in mild iodine deficiency.

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Epidemiological trends of iodine-related thyroid disorders: an example from Slovenia

Epidemiological trends of iodine-related thyroid disorders: an example from Slovenia

Incidence of thyroid disorders in the second decade of adequate iodine supply in Slovenia

Ensuring Effective Prevention of Iodine Deficiency Disorders

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