Beneficial association of serum ghrelin and peptide YY with bone mineral density in the Newfoundland population

Abstract

BackgroundGhrelin and peptide YY (PYY) are appetite regulating hormones secreted from the gastrointestinal tract (gut). Aside from their known effect on energy homeostasis, accumulating data indicates that these gut hormones also affect bone metabolism. However, data regarding the influence of ghrelin and PYY on bone density in humans is very limited, and the results are inconclusive. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the potential association between circulating ghrelin and PYY with bone density indices in the general population.MethodsA total of 2257 adult subjects from the CODING (Complex Diseases in the Newfoundland Population: Environment and Genetics) study participated in this investigation. Acylated ghrelin and total PYY were measured in serum after a 12-hour fasting, with the Enzyme- Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. Bone mineral density was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the spine, femoral neck, and total hip. Multiple regression analyses adjusting for age, BMI, physical activity, smoking, and alcohol consumption were employed to analyze the association between serum ghrelin and PYY with bone mineral density parameters.ResultsSignificant positive associations of ghrelin concentration with L2-L4 BMD, L2-L4 Z-score, femoral neck BMD, femoral neck Z-score, total hip BMD, and total hip Z-score were found in women. No significant correlations between ghrelin and bone density indices were present in men. After dividing the female group into pre-menopausal and post-menopausal, ghrelin was positively correlated with femoral neck Z-score, and total hip Z-score in pre-menopausal women and L2-L4 BMD, and Z-score in post-menopausal group. Moreover, no significant association was discovered between serum PYY and bone density at any site.ConclusionOur results suggest a beneficial association of circulating ghrelin concentration with bone density in women at the population level. This association is independent of major confounding factors including BMI, physical activity, age, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Effect of menopause on this association seemed to be site specific. However, PYY does not seem to be associated with bone density parameters.

Desafios nutricionais de bailarinos profissionais

“…Adicionalmente, Amini et al (4) verificaram que uma elevada concentração de grelina plasmática está positivamente associada com a densidade mineral óssea em mulheres mas não em homens.…”

The hunger games of skeletal metabolism

“…15 Importantly, in lean premenopausal women, circulating PYY levels were found to be significantly and negatively correlated with total body and hip bone mass, with PYY contributing to 9% of the variance in BMD of the hip. 16 However, a recent study by Amini et al 17 did not identify an association between PYY and BMD in the Newfoundland population. 17 The relationship between PYY and bone clearly requires greater investigation; the above studies examined associations in either small subsets of the population (that is, anorexic or obese individuals, menopausal status) or crosssectional population studies; the differences in subject numbers and the characteristics of subjects may contribute to the presence/absence of associations between PYY and BMD.…”

“…16 However, a recent study by Amini et al 17 did not identify an association between PYY and BMD in the Newfoundland population. 17 The relationship between PYY and bone clearly requires greater investigation; the above studies examined associations in either small subsets of the population (that is, anorexic or obese individuals, menopausal status) or crosssectional population studies; the differences in subject numbers and the characteristics of subjects may contribute to the presence/absence of associations between PYY and BMD. Initial human studies also suggest that the effects of PYY on bone regulation may be context-dependent, such as following bariatric surgery, where PYY levels are markedly altered.…”

Associations between Bone Mineral Characteristics and Serum Levels of Ghrelin and Peptide YY in Overweight Adolescent Boys

“…Amini et al [15] found that PYY was not related to BMD in adults, while Scheid et al [29] found that PYY was associated with TB BMD in physically active premenopausal women. To date, the role of PYY in bone health in young people has been explored mostly in patients with anorexia.…”

“…A number of different appetite hormones may also contribute, but the number of studies investigating this influence is limited [15,16,17]. Here, we aimed to study the associations between serum levels of ghrelin and peptide YY (PYY) and BMD.…”