Bending Fatigue Behavior of Carburized Gear Steels: Four-Point Bend Test Development and Evaluation

Dowling, W. E.; Donlon, W. T.; Copple, W. B.; Chernenkoff, Russell A.; Darragh, Craig V.

doi:10.4271/960977

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The bending fatigue and fracture properties of carburized steels have been evaluated with laboratory cantilever bend specimens (1)(2)(3)(4)(5), single-tooth bending fatigue tests (4,(6)(7)(8), full-scale gear tests in operating systems and other alternate testing geometries (9). To obtain systematic analyses of alloying and processing variables, laboratory bend samples have been used and several geometries have been considered (1,10). Of particular interest here are the results from recent studies based on single specimen geometry and reviewed by Wise et al (2,3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized Carburized Steel Fatigue Performance as Assessed with Gear and Modified Brugger Fatigue Tests

Spice¹,

Matlock²,

Fett³

2002

SAE Technical Paper Series

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The effectiveness of three different techniques, designed to improve the bending fatigue life in comparison to conventionally processed gas-carburized 8620 steel, were evaluated with modified Brugger bending fatigue specimens and actual ring and pinion gears. The bending fatigue samples were machined from forged gear blanks from the same lot of material used for the pinion gear tests, and all processing of laboratory samples and gears was done together. Fatigue data were obtained on standard as-carburized parts and after three special processing histories: shotpeening to increase surface residual stresses; double heat treating to refined austenite grain size; and vacuum carburizing to minimize intergranular oxidation. Standard room-temperature S-N curves and endurance limits were obtained with the laboratory samples. The pinions were run as part of a complete gear set on a laboratory dynamometer and data were obtained at two imposed torque levels. The number of cycles to failure was used to evaluate the effects of processing history. Based on laboratory endurance limits, shown in parentheses, the processing histories ranked as follows: shot-peened (1410 MPa), vacuum carburized (1210 MPa), reheated to refine grain size (1140 MPa), and asgas-carburized (1000MPa). In the gear set tests, shot peening also proved to be the most effective way to improve fatigue life at both imposed torque levels. The results of this study show that data on laboratory samples can be used to interpret the fatigue performance of gears.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized Carburized Steel Fatigue Performance as Assessed with Gear and Modified Brugger Fatigue Tests

Spice¹,

Matlock²,

Fett³

2002

SAE Technical Paper Series

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show abstract

“…The oxides are frequently found along prior-austenite grain boundaries. Furthermore, oxidation removes solutes such as chromium and manganese that provide matrix hardenability 12 . This may result in the formation of non-martensitic microstructures such as ferrite, bainite, or pearlite upon quenching.…”

Section: Intergranular Oxide Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surface processing to improve the fatigue resistance of advanced bar steels for automotive applications

et al. 2005

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With the development of new steels and processing techniques, there have been corresponding advances in the fatigue performance of automotive components. These advances have led to increased component life and smaller power transfer systems. New processing approaches to enhance the fatigue performance of steels are reviewed with an emphasis on carburizing and deep rolling. Selected examples are presented to illustrate the importance of the base steel properties on the final performance of surface modified materials. Results on carburized gear steels illustrate the dependence of the fatigue behavior on carburizing process control (gas and vacuum carburizing), alloy additions and microstructure. The importance of retained austenite content, case and core grain size as controlled by processing and microalloy additions, extent of intergranular oxidation, and the residual stress profile on fatigue performance is also illustrated. Specific recent results on the use of microalloying elements (e.g. Nb) and process history control to limit austenite grain growth at the higher carburizing temperatures associated with vacuum carburizing are highlighted. For crankshaft applications, deep rolling is highlighted, a process to mechanically work fillet surfaces to improve fatigue resistance. The influence of the deformation behavior of the substrate, as characterized by standard tensile and compression tests, on the ability to create desired surface properties and residual stress profiles will be illustrated with data on several new steels of current and future interest for crankshaft applications

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A rotating gear test methodology for evaluation of high-cycle tooth bending fatigue lives under fully reversed and fully released loading conditions

Hong

Kahraman

Anderson

2020

International Journal of Fatigue

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Bending Fatigue Behavior of Carburized Gear Steels: Four-Point Bend Test Development and Evaluation

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Optimized Carburized Steel Fatigue Performance as Assessed with Gear and Modified Brugger Fatigue Tests

Optimized Carburized Steel Fatigue Performance as Assessed with Gear and Modified Brugger Fatigue Tests

Surface processing to improve the fatigue resistance of advanced bar steels for automotive applications

A rotating gear test methodology for evaluation of high-cycle tooth bending fatigue lives under fully reversed and fully released loading conditions

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