Benchmarking Audio-based Deep Learning Models for Detection and Identification of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles

The use of drones has recently gained popularity in a diverse range of applications, such as aerial photography, agriculture, search and rescue operations, the entertainment industry, and more. However, misuse of drone technology can potentially lead to military threats, terrorist acts, as well as privacy and safety breaches. This emphasizes the need for effective and fast remote detection of potentially threatening drones. In this study, we propose a novel approach for automatic drone detection utilizing the usage of both radio frequency communication signals and acoustic signals derived from UAV rotor sounds. In particular, we propose the use of classical and deep machine-learning techniques and the fusion of RF and acoustic features for efficient and accurate drone classification. Distinct types of ML-based classifiers have been examined, including CNN- and RNN-based networks and the classical SVM method. The proposed approach has been evaluated with both frequency and audio features using common drone datasets, demonstrating better accuracy than existing state-of-the-art methods, especially in low SNR scenarios. The results presented in this paper show a classification accuracy of approximately 91% at an SNR ratio of −10 dB using the LSTM network and fused features.

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drones Detection Using a Fusion of RF and Acoustic Features and Deep Neural Networks

Frid,

Ben-Shimol,

Manor

et al. 2024

“…In recent years, many research works have been published to address UAV detection, tracking, and classification problems. The main drone detection technologies are: radar sensors [ 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ], RF sensors [ 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ], audio sensors [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ], and camera sensors using visual UAV characteristics [ 61 , 62 , 63 , 64 , 65 , 66 , 67 , 68 , 69 , 70 , 71 ]. Based on the above-mentioned sources, the advantages and disadvantages of each drone detection technology are compared in Table 2 .…”

Section: Drone Detection Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, the sound produced by propeller blades is frequently employed for detection because it has a comparatively larger amplitude. Numerous research works have examined the sound produced by drones, using characteristics like frequency, amplitude, modulation, and duration to identify a drone’s existence [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ].…”

Section: Drone Detection Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances and Challenges in Drone Detection and Classification Techniques: A State-of-the-Art Review

Seidaliyeva,

Ilipbayeva,

Taissariyeva

et al. 2023

The fast development of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), commonly known as drones, has brought a unique set of opportunities and challenges to both the civilian and military sectors. While drones have proven useful in sectors such as delivery, agriculture, and surveillance, their potential for abuse in illegal airspace invasions, privacy breaches, and security risks has increased the demand for improved detection and classification systems. This state-of-the-art review presents a detailed overview of current improvements in drone detection and classification techniques: highlighting novel strategies used to address the rising concerns about UAV activities. We investigate the threats and challenges faced due to drones’ dynamic behavior, size and speed diversity, battery life, etc. Furthermore, we categorize the key detection modalities, including radar, radio frequency (RF), acoustic, and vision-based approaches, and examine their distinct advantages and limitations. The research also discusses the importance of sensor fusion methods and other detection approaches, including wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi), cellular, and Internet of Things (IoT) networks, for improving the accuracy and efficiency of UAV detection and identification.

“…UAVs equipped with cameras and other sensors can be used to inspect and monitor equipment and infrastructure such as power lines and wind turbines. Real-time data transmission via 5G networks can enable remote monitoring and control of these systems, improving their reliability and reducing maintenance costs [66]. UAVs can also be used for emergency response and disaster management.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of 5G Technologies in IoT Applications: Current Limitations by Interference and Network Optimization Difficulties—A Review

Pons

Valenzuela

Rodríguez

et al. 2023

5G (fifth-generation technology) technologies are becoming more mainstream thanks to great efforts from telecommunication companies, research facilities, and governments. This technology is often associated with the Internet of Things to improve the quality of life for citizens by automating and gathering data recollection processes. This paper presents the 5G and IoT technologies, explaining common architectures, typical IoT implementations, and recurring problems. This work also presents a detailed and explained overview of interference in general wireless applications, interference unique to 5G and IoT, and possible optimization techniques to overcome these challenges. This manuscript highlights the importance of addressing interference and optimizing network performance in 5G networks to ensure reliable and efficient connectivity for IoT devices, which is essential for adequately functioning business processes. This insight can be helpful for businesses that rely on these technologies to improve their productivity, reduce downtime, and enhance customer satisfaction. We also highlight the potential of the convergence of networks and services in increasing the availability and speed of access to the internet, enabling a range of new and innovative applications and services.