Benchmark experiments for higher-order and full-Stokes ice sheet models (ISMIP–HOM)

Pattyn, Frank; Perichon, Laura; Aschwanden, A.; Breuer, B.; Smedt, Brigitte De; Gagliardini, Olivier; Gudmundsson, G. Hilmar; Hindmarsh, Richard C. A.; Hubbard, Alun; Johnson, Jesse V.; Kleiner, Thomas; Konovalov, Y. V.; Martín, Carlos; Payne, Anthony; Pollard, David; Price, Stephen; Rückamp, Martin; Saito, Fuyuki; Souček, Ondřej; Sugiyama, Shin; Zwinger, Thomas

doi:10.5194/tc-2-95-2008

Cited by 265 publications

(397 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…Our modeled surface velocity agrees well with the benchmark velocity computed by other software in the benchmark (Figure 3). Results from both higher-order and full-Stokes models are within the interval described by the benchmark models [Pattyn et al, 2008].…”

Section: Verification Of Issm With Benchmarksmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The condition number for the discretized system of equations (also defined at the radius of the eigenspectrum of the discretized system of equations) correspondingly increases by almost 2 orders of magnitude for the BP model and FS models and almost 3 orders of magnitude for the 3D thermal model. While this tends to show a larger impact on the thermal model, the magnitude of the condition number [Pattyn et al, 2008]. Linearized results from Gudmundsson [2003] are also shown in black for the no-slip bed case.…”

Section: Meshmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…[53] Here we describe the evaluation of ISSM using the ISMIP-HOM (Ice Sheet Model Intercomparison Project for Higher-Order Models) [Pattyn et al, 2008] benchmark. This benchmark targets validation for three dimensional ice flow models.…”

Section: Verification Of Issm With Benchmarksmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamically and Observationally Constrained Estimates of Water-Mass Distributions and Ages in the Global Ocean

DeVries

Primeau

2011

Journal of Physical Oceanography

180

202

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[1] Ice flow models used to project the mass balance of ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica usually rely on the Shallow Ice Approximation (SIA) and the Shallow-Shelf Approximation (SSA), sometimes combined into so-called "hybrid" models. Such models, while computationally efficient, are based on a simplified set of physical assumptions about the mechanical regime of the ice flow, which does not uniformly apply everywhere on the ice sheet/ice shelf system, especially near grounding lines, where rapid changes are taking place at present. Here, we present a new thermomechanical finite element model of ice flow named ISSM (Ice Sheet System Model) that includes higher-order stresses, high spatial resolution capability and data assimilation techniques to better capture ice dynamics and produce realistic simulations of ice sheet flow at the continental scale. ISSM includes several approximations of the momentum balance equations, ranging from the two-dimensional SSA to the three-dimensional full-Stokes formulation. It also relies on a massively parallelized architecture and state-of-the-art scalable tools. ISSM employs data assimilation techniques, at all levels of approximation of the momentum balance equations, to infer basal drag at the ice-bed interface from satellite radar interferometry-derived observations of ice motion. Following a validation of ISSM with standard benchmarks, we present a demonstration of its capability in the case of the Greenland Ice Sheet. We show ISSM is able to simulate the ice flow of an entire ice sheet realistically at a high spatial resolution, with higher-order physics, thereby providing a pathway for improving projections of ice sheet evolution in a warming climate.Citation: Larour, E., H. Seroussi, M. Morlighem, and E. Rignot (2012), Continental scale, high order, high spatial resolution, ice sheet modeling using the Ice Sheet System Model (ISSM),

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Section: Verification Of Issm With Benchmarksmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Meshmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dynamically and Observationally Constrained Estimates of Water-Mass Distributions and Ages in the Global Ocean

DeVries

Primeau

2011

Journal of Physical Oceanography

180

202

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“…This, is simply not enough to spatially resolve most of these very narrow and deep outlet glacier channels and, furthermore, the depth and detailed basal topography is still unknown for many of them. In recent years, clear advances have been made in terms of process representation within these models such as a more robust treatment of grounding line motion (Docquier et al 2011;Pollard and DeConto 2009;Schoof 2007) and including fast ice flow and ice streaming by considering higher-order stresses to include longitudinal stress transfer (Bueler and Brown 2009;Pattyn 2003;Price et al 2011;Pattyn et al 2008), but most of these models are not yet fully operational on the required spatial resolution of outlet glaciers (Stone et al 2010). And, importantly, major deficiencies remain in their representation of processes acting at the marine boundary such as calving and ocean melt.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and Modelling Rapid Dynamic Changes of Tidewater Outlet Glaciers: Issues and Implications

Vieli¹,

Nick²

2011

The Earth's Cryosphere and Sea Level Change

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Recent dramatic acceleration, thinning and retreat of tidewater outlet glaciers in Greenland raises concern regarding their contribution to future sea-level rise. These dynamic changes seem to be parallel to oceanic and climatic warming but the linking mechanisms and forcings are poorly understood and, furthermore, large-scale ice sheet models are currently unable to realistically simulate such changes which provides a major limitation in our ability to predict dynamic mass losses. In this paper we apply a specifically designed numerical flowband model to Jakobshavn Isbrae (JIB), a major marine outlet glacier of the Greenland ice sheet, and we explore and discuss the basic concepts and emerging issues in our understanding and modelling ability of the dynamics of tidewater outlet glaciers. The modelling demonstrates that enhanced ocean melt is able to trigger the observed dynamic changes of JIB but it heavily relies on the feedback between calving and terminus retreat and therefore the loss of buttressing. Through the same feedback, other forcings such as reduced winter sea-ice duration can produce similar rapid retreat. This highlights the need for a robust representation of the calving process and for improvements in the understanding and implementation of forcings at the marine boundary in predictive ice sheet models. Furthermore, the modelling uncovers high sensitivity and rapid adjustment of marine outlet glaciers to perturbations at their marine boundary implying that care should be taken in interpreting or extrapolating such rapid dynamic changes as recently observed in Greenland.

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“…Model intercomparisons may contain elements of both verification and validation. Verification (or falsification) may result if the models in comparison solve the equations with essentially different numerical methods (Pattyn et al 2007), or if a verified benchmark is available.…”

Section: Testing Ice Sheet Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Present State and Prospects of Ice Sheet and Glacier Modelling

Blatter¹,

Greve²,

Abe‐Ouchi³

2011

The Earth's Cryosphere and Sea Level Change

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Since the late 1970s, numerical modelling has become established as an important technique for the understanding of ice sheet and glacier dynamics, and several models have been developed over the years. Ice sheet models are particularly relevant for predicting the possible response of ice sheets to climate change. Recent observations suggest that ice dynamics could play a crucial role for the contribution of ice sheets to future sea level rise under global warming conditions, and the need for further research into the matter was explicitly stated in the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) of the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). In this paper, we review the state of the art and current problems of ice sheet and glacier modelling. An outline of the underlying theory is given, and crucial processes (basal sliding, calving, interaction with the solid Earth) are discussed. We summarise recent progress in the development of ice sheet and glacier system models and their coupling to climate models, and point out directions for future work.

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Benchmark experiments for higher-order and full-Stokes ice sheet models (ISMIP–HOM)

Cited by 265 publications

References 30 publications

Dynamically and Observationally Constrained Estimates of Water-Mass Distributions and Ages in the Global Ocean

Dynamically and Observationally Constrained Estimates of Water-Mass Distributions and Ages in the Global Ocean

Understanding and Modelling Rapid Dynamic Changes of Tidewater Outlet Glaciers: Issues and Implications

Present State and Prospects of Ice Sheet and Glacier Modelling

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