Benchmark Comparison of Commercially Available Systems for Particle Number Measurement

Cavina, Nicolò; Poggio, Luca; Bedogni, Fabio; Rossi, Vincenzo; Stronati, Luca

doi:10.4271/2013-24-0182

Cited by 11 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The disagreement increases for agglomerated particles, which is attributed to a higher unipolar charging efficiency for fractal-like versus compact particles (Shin et al 2010;Awasthi et al 2013). Discrepancies have likewise been noted for the DMS500 (Price et al 2006;Peckham et al 2011;Cavina et al 2013) when comparing particle concentration to the European Union (EU) solid count method (Giechaskiel et al 2012). In these studies, the DMS500 overestimates particle number concentration by 3%-47%, with charging efficiency again cited as a potential cause.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

How well can aerosol instruments measure particulate mass and solid particle number in engine exhaust?

Maricq

Szente

Harwell

et al. 2016

Aerosol Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aerosol instruments provide more informative engine exhaust particulate matter (PM) data than the gravimetric filter and solid particle number methods prescribed by regulations. Yet their lack of conformity to the regulatory methods can limit their acceptance for vehicle development. This article examines the ability of the Dekati Mass Monitor (DMM), Engine Exhaust Particle Sizer (EEPS), and Micro Soot Sensor (MSS) to measure PM 2.5 mass and solid particle number relative to current motor vehicle PM emissions standards. Simultaneous PM measurements are made by these three instruments and the two regulatory methods for 50 tests of six gasoline direct injection and two port fuel injection vehicles over the U.S. Federal Test Procedure. DMM and EEPS determinations of PM mass correlate well to gravimetric values (regression slopes of 1.06 § 0.04 and 0.98 § 0.08) down to a few mg/mile, below which filter weighing variability becomes problematic. The MSS exhibits a lower slope of 0.79 § 0.03 consistent with it measuring the soot fraction, rather than total PM. At emissions rates above »10 13 particles/mile, solid particle number determined from DMM and EEPS data correlates respectably with, but overestimates the regulatory method (regression slopes are 1.7 § 0.1 and 1.4 § 0.15, respectively). Below this emissions rate, the correlation degrades. EEPS estimates of PM mass are significantly improved with the recent soot optimized inversion algorithm (slope improves from 0.45 to 0.98). While they cannot replace filters and solid particle counting, the present study suggests that these instruments can be used as more informative surrogates during motor vehicle development.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

How well can aerosol instruments measure particulate mass and solid particle number in engine exhaust?

Maricq

Szente

Harwell

et al. 2016

Aerosol Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This may be due to the effect of longer residence time which allows condensation of vapours into liquid particles. 22 In the case of engine-out sampling however ( Figure 6, top), due to the shorter distance the particles travel, the variation in liquid particle number is less significant. However, the variation in accumulation mode particles ( .…”

Section: Part 1: Repeatability Of Particulate Mass/number Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A variety of sampling instruments and techniques are employed for research or regulation purposes, each presenting certain pros and cons. Cavina et al 22 compared the transient PN measurements by AVL particle counter APC 489, AVL Micro Soot Sensor (MSS), Horiba MEXA 2000 SPCS, as well as Cambustion DMS-500. They demonstrated that the DMS-500 can pick up the dynamic variation of PN in transient conditions far better than the other instruments, owing to its very short (200 ms) response time.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the impact of gasoline composition on PN in GDI engines using an improved measurement method

Bokor

Rohani

Humphries

et al. 2020

International Journal of Engine Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An experimental investigation was carried out to investigate Particulate Number (PN) emissions from a modern, small-capacity Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI) engine. The first part of the study focused on improving measurement repeatability using the Cambustion DMS-500 device. Results showed that sampling near the exhaust valve – while dampening the pressure oscillations in the sampling line – can significantly improve the repeatability. It was also found that uncontrolled phenomena such as deposition in the exhaust system from earlier engine operation can undermine the accuracy of measurements taken at tailpipe level. The second part of the work investigated PN emissions from three types of gasoline fuel, Pump-grade, Performance and Reference. Fuel chemical composition was found to have an appreciable impact on PN, but the magnitude of this effect differs in various operating points, being more pronounced at higher engine load. The Reference fuel was found to have the lowest PN emission tendency, conceivably because of its lower aromatics, olefins and heavy hydrocarbons content. A sweep of operating parameters showed that higher injection pressure reduces PN, but the extent of the reduction depends on fuel physical properties such as volatility.

show abstract

“…The accuracies of HC, CO, and NO are 1 ppm vol, 0.001% vol, and 1ppm vol, respectively. The size distribution of particulate matter was measured through Cambustion DMS500, which has proven to be characterized by good correlation with regulation compliant systems [28]. The instrument has an uncertainty of about 5% in particle size measurement for particles that are smaller than 300 nm and about 10% over the full spectrum for particle number density measurement [29].…”

Section: Experimental Set-upmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact on Combustion and Emissions of Jet Fuel as Additive in Diesel Engine Fueled with Blends of Petrol Diesel, Renewable Diesel and Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study is devoted to investigating the potential use of Jet A in blend along with biodiesel from waste cooking oil, petrol diesel, and renewable diesel. Biodiesel use allows for reducing carbon monoxide (CO), unburned hydrocarbons (HC), and soot due to the oxygen contained in the fuel. The drawbacks in its use are related to the low volatility and high viscosity of vegetable oil that cause difficulties in fuel atomization and in its mixing with air. Moreover, an increased amount of NOx emission was observed. The aim of the experimentation is to evaluate the ability of Jet A of enhancing the combustion process and pollutant emissions of a diesel engine, thus overcoming the difficulties in biodiesel usage (high viscosity, poor cold weather performance, compatibility with diesel engine equipment) and then increasing the renewable fuel percentage in the fuel. Testing was carried out on a small displacement common rail diesel engine. Hardware and ECU setting were not modified in order to let the engine be ready to operate with different and exchangeable fuels. The effect on pollutant emissions of a variation of the amount of Jet A and biodiesel in the fuel is investigated, while accounting for the engine speed value.

show abstract

Benchmark Comparison of Commercially Available Systems for Particle Number Measurement

Cited by 11 publications

References 11 publications

How well can aerosol instruments measure particulate mass and solid particle number in engine exhaust?

How well can aerosol instruments measure particulate mass and solid particle number in engine exhaust?

Investigating the impact of gasoline composition on PN in GDI engines using an improved measurement method

Impact on Combustion and Emissions of Jet Fuel as Additive in Diesel Engine Fueled with Blends of Petrol Diesel, Renewable Diesel and Waste Cooking Oil Biodiesel

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About