Beitrag zur Lokalisation des der Wärmeregulation vorstehenden Zentralapparates im Zwischenhirn

The Thermosensitivity of the Hypothalamus and Thermoregulation in Mammals

“…A posterior hypothalamic site at which afferent and efferent pathways for shivering are connected in the central nervous system was discovered by Isenschmid & Krehl (1912). Destruction of the tissues surrounding this ' centre' did not eliminate shivering (Isenschmid & Schnitzler, 1914), but the destruction of this area itself eliminated metabolic responses to cold while leaving the physical responses to heat unimpaired (Keller & Hare, 1932;Keller, 1933;Kanson & Ingram, 1935). Teague & Ranson (1936) showed that cats with lesions in the anterior hypothalamus have a diminished capacity to prevent a rise in body temperature, while the ability to regulate against cold is not seriously impaired.…”

Physiological and anatomical evidence for the existence of nerve tracts connecting the hypothalamus with spinal sympathetic centres

“…Already a large number of sympathetic phenomena have been shown to be more or less dependent on the proper functioning of these areas. Among these are certain aspects of carbohydrate metabolism (17,18,19,20), temperature regulation (21,22,23,24,25), pilo motor and ocular phenomena (14,26), pressor effects (3), and (as is to be expected) the secretion of the adrenal medulla (4). The recent work of Bard (27) and of Fulton and Ingraham (11) has illustrated the influence of cerebral centres upon these sympathetic nuclei.…”

On emotional expression after decortication with some remarks on certain theoretical views: Part I.

“…Conspicuous among the latter are emotional excitement and exposure to cold. The actual existence of such a center and its hypothalamic location are supported not only by the work on sham rage, but by the various lines of work which have delimited the part of the brain essential for regulation of body temperature (24,25,28).…”