Being Aware of Own Performance: How Accurately Do Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Judge Own Memory Performance?

Elmose, Mette; Happé, Francesca

doi:10.1002/aur.1421

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…This suggests that individuals with ASC may be overconfident in their evaluations of mental abilities, which could potentially lead to insufficient use of external aids to compensate for memory difficulties. However, in a study directly investigating evaluation of memory performance, Elmose and Happé (2014) found that children with ASC were as accurate as typically developing controls, and showed no significant difference in confidence.…”

Section: Metacognition In Autism Spectrum Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Strategic use of reminders in an ‘intention offloading’ task: Do individuals with autism spectrum conditions compensate for memory difficulties?

Cherkaoui

Gilbert

2017

Neuropsychologia

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Previous studies have found that individuals with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) can have difficulty remembering to execute delayed intentions. However, in these studies participants were prevented from setting external reminders, whereas the use of such reminders in everyday life is commonplace (e.g. calendars, to-do lists, smartphone alerts). In the present study, 28 participants with ASC and 24 matched neurotypicals performed a task requiring them to remember delayed intentions. In the first phase participants were required to use unaided memory, whereas in the second they had the option to offload their intentions by setting reminders if they wished. Performance of the ASC group was significantly poorer than the neurotypical group in phase 1, and metacognitive evaluations of memory abilities mirrored this. Nevertheless, in the second phase, the ASC group failed to compensate for impaired performance: if anything they set fewer reminders than the neurotypical group. These results indicate that intact explicit metacognitive judgements cannot be assumed to lead directly to the use of compensatory strategies.

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Section: Metacognition In Autism Spectrum Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Strategic use of reminders in an ‘intention offloading’ task: Do individuals with autism spectrum conditions compensate for memory difficulties?

Cherkaoui

Gilbert

2017

Neuropsychologia

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“…Similarly, Elmose and Happé (2014) examined accuracy of judging own memory performance in response to social vs. non-social stimuli in a group of children with ASD in comparison to a group of typically developing (or TD) children. Results indicated comparable levels and patterns of accuracy in the ASD and TD groups, with ASD group being more accurate in judging own memory for non-social than social stimuli, and the opposite pattern for the TD group.…”

Section: Review Of Literature On the Self System In Individuals With mentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding the Self in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD): A Review of Literature

et al. 2017

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When the system of self is explored in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs), it is important to measure it via both their own perceptions of the self and their understanding of others’ perceptions on themselves at a multidimensional level. This paper reviews existing research in this area using a three-dimension approach. Researchers have found that impairments in the self-system are usually correlated with these individuals’ social and cognitive functioning levels: high functioning individuals with ASD who have higher IQ are found to have better awareness of their limitations in social and communication domains than those with lower IQ. Many researchers believe that there are impairments in the psychological (but not physical) self in individuals with ASD, such as theory of mind deficits due to social and communicative impairments. On the other hand, some researchers argue that individuals with ASD have selective rather than global impairments in the self. In other words, the impairment usually lies in a specific aspect of functioning in individuals with ASD. Insights from the review of existing literature on this topic may be able to shed some lights on the development of effective intervention programs to improve social communication deficits in this population.

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“…That is, participants effectively monitored their own learning process, but this trend was not found in the mindreading condition. Elmose and Happé (2014) found that autistic children’s metacognitive monitoring accuracy was higher for non-social memory materials (i.e., building images) than that of social memory materials (i.e., face images). This suggested that the impaired mindreading ability would not affect participants’ metacognitive ability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

The difference between metacognition and mindreading: Evidence from functional near-infrared spectroscopy

Li¹,

Dai²,

Jia³

2022

Front. Psychol.

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The relationship between metacognition and mindreading was investigated by examining how well one can monitor their own learning (Self) compared to another person’s learning (Other). Here, we used functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to systematically investigate the brain area activation during metacognition and mindreading. The evidence indicated that metacognition and mindreading are underpinned by distinct neural systems. Metacognition is associated with activation in brain regions important for memory retrieval, such as the fusiform gyrus, while mindreading is associated with activation in brain regions important for understanding and reasoning about others’ intentions, such as the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ).

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Being Aware of Own Performance: How Accurately Do Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder Judge Own Memory Performance?

Cited by 11 publications

References 22 publications

Strategic use of reminders in an ‘intention offloading’ task: Do individuals with autism spectrum conditions compensate for memory difficulties?

Strategic use of reminders in an ‘intention offloading’ task: Do individuals with autism spectrum conditions compensate for memory difficulties?

Understanding the Self in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD): A Review of Literature

The difference between metacognition and mindreading: Evidence from functional near-infrared spectroscopy

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