Behavioural trait of reactivity to novelty is related to hippocampal neurogenesis

Lemaire, V.; Aurousseau, C.; Moal, Michel Le; Abrous, Djoher Nora

doi:10.1046/j.1460-9568.1999.00833.x

Cited by 128 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Stressful events and the concomitant release of corticosterone are known to inhibit cell proliferation. [35][36][37][38] However, our experiments were specifically designed to control for the potential effects of stress. Animals were habituated to the pool before training and two control groups were used: Unmanipulated animals that were not exposed to the pool and Yoked animals that were exposed to the pool without the platform.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The subjects with the five highest and lowest BrdU-IR cell counts 35,36 were compared for their performance in the water-maze. As shown in Figure 5, animals with the lowest number of BrdU-IR cells had a better performance in the water-maze than animals with the highest number of BrdU-IR cells (Group effect, F 1,8 ¼13.07, P¼0.007).…”

Section: Late Phase Of Learning Decreases the Number Of Cells Born Dumentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential effects of learning on neurogenesis: learning increases or decreases the number of newly born cells depending on their birth date

et al. 2003

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The hippocampal formation, to which new neurons are added on a daily basis throughout life, is important in spatial learning. Surviving de novo produced cells integrate into the functional circuitry, where they can influence both normal and pathological behaviors. In this study, we examined the effect of the water-maze (a hippocampal-dependent spatial task) on neurogenesis. Learning in this task can be divided into two phases, an early phase during which performance improves rapidly, and a late phase during which asymptotic levels of performance are reached. Here we demonstrate that the late phase of learning has a multifaceted effect on neurogenesis depending on the birth date of new neurons. The number of newly born cells increased contingently with the late phase and a large proportion of these cells survived for at least 4 weeks and differentiated into neurons. In contrast, late-phase learning decreased the number of newly born cells produced during the early phase. This decline in neurogenesis was positively correlated with performance in the water-maze. Thus, rats with the highest de novo cell number were less able to acquire and use spatial information than those with low numbers of new cells. These results show that learning has a complex effect on hippocampal neurogenesis, and reveals a novel mechanism through which neurogenesis may influence normal and pathological behaviors. Molecular Psychiatry (2003) 8, 974-982.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Late Phase Of Learning Decreases the Number Of Cells Born Dumentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of learning on neurogenesis: learning increases or decreases the number of newly born cells depending on their birth date

et al. 2003

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“…Regardless, these unique properties of adult born, immature neurons may qualify them for functions that mature developmentally generated cells are less suited to accomplish (Gould et al, 1999b). For example, it has been suggested that new cells born in adulthood could be used to detect or process novel stimuli (Kempermann, 2002;Shors, 2004;Becker, 2005), a function that has been ascribed to the hippocampus (Lemaire et al, 1999;Nyberg, 2005).…”

Section: How Might New Neurons Participate In Learning and Memory?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Is there a link between adult neurogenesis and learning?

2006

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During the past several years, evidence has accumulated suggesting a relationship between newly born cells in the hippocampus and various types of learning and memory. However, most of the evidence is correlational and some of it does not agree. This review discusses both sides of this issue, considering the effects of learning on the production of new neurons in the dentate gyrus and the question of whether newly born cells participate in learning and memory.

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“…The possibility that more new neurons could improve learning has been supported by animal studies. In rats, increased DG neurogenesis occurs following hippocampal-dependent associative learning (Gould et al, 1999), especially in relatively demanding learning tasks (Shors et al, 2001) or after exposure to novel contexts (Lemaire et al, 1999). In mouse strains showing different baseline rates of hippocampal neurogenesis, higher-rate strains showed steeper spatial learning curves (Kempermann and Gage, 2002).…”

Section: Effects Of Increasing Proportions Of Neurons Undergoing Turnmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulated Apoptosis/Neurogenesis Regulates Learning and Memory Capabilities of Adaptive Neural Networks

Chambers

Potenza

Hoffman

et al. 2003

Neuropsychopharmacol

140

107

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Characterization of neuronal death and neurogenesis in the adult brain of birds, humans, and other mammals raises the possibility that neuronal turnover represents a special form of neuroplasticity associated with stress responses, cognition, and the pathophysiology and treatment of psychiatric disorders. Multilayer neural network models capable of learning alphabetic character representations via incremental synaptic connection strength changes were used to assess additional learning and memory effects incurred by simulation of coordinated apoptotic and neurogenic events in the middle layer. Using a consistent incremental learning capability across all neurons and experimental conditions, increasing the number of middle layer neurons undergoing turnover increased network learning capacity for new information, and increased forgetting of old information. Simulations also showed that specific patterns of neural turnover based on individual neuronal connection characteristics, or the temporal-spatial pattern of neurons chosen for turnover during new learning impacts new learning performance. These simulations predict that apoptotic and neurogenic events could act together to produce specific learning and memory effects beyond those provided by ongoing mechanisms of connection plasticity in neuronal populations. Regulation of rates as well as patterns of neuronal turnover may serve an important function in tuning the informatic properties of plastic networks according to novel informational demands. Analogous regulation in the hippocampus may provide for adaptive cognitive and emotional responses to novel and stressful contexts, or operate suboptimally as a basis for psychiatric disorders. The implications of these elementary simulations for future biological and neural modeling research on apoptosis and neurogenesis are discussed.

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Behavioural trait of reactivity to novelty is related to hippocampal neurogenesis

Cited by 128 publications

References 60 publications

Differential effects of learning on neurogenesis: learning increases or decreases the number of newly born cells depending on their birth date

Differential effects of learning on neurogenesis: learning increases or decreases the number of newly born cells depending on their birth date

Is there a link between adult neurogenesis and learning?

Simulated Apoptosis/Neurogenesis Regulates Learning and Memory Capabilities of Adaptive Neural Networks

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