Behavioural responses of the planktonic stages of the American lobster Homarus americanus to thermal gradients, and ecological implications

Boudreau, Bernard P.; Simard, Yvan; Bourget, Edwin

doi:10.3354/meps076013

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Cumulative size distributions and fitted logistic curves for lobsters collected by suction sampling (triangles) and collectors (squares) in four study areas where both methods were used at the same sites. Statistical analysis in Table III. Scheibling 1990; Raimondi 1991), the possibility should not be ruled out that postlarvae may concentrate in nurseries by a behavioural attraction to high densities of benthic conspecifics (Boudreau et al 1991;Burdett-Coutts 2010). Although sampling has been conducted for more than two decades at some of these locations Wahle et al 2009a), the present study represents the first sampling at others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The geography and bathymetry of American lobster benthic recruitment as measured by diver-based suction sampling and passive collectors

Wahle

Bergeron

Tremblay

et al. 2013

Marine Biology Research

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We present results of an international collaboration to survey American lobster Homarus americanus Milne-Edwards, 1837 nurseries in Atlantic Canada and the northeast United States from 2007 to 2009 under a standardized protocol involving two sampling methods, diver-based suction sampling and passive collectors. We surveyed young-of-year and older juveniles at 191 sampling sites over 39 sampling areas considerably expanding the known depth range and geographic limits of benthic recruitment. Young-of-year densities were strongly correlated in space with the abundance of older juveniles, signifying consistently strong settlement in the Gulf of Maine, lower Bay of Fundy, southwestern Nova Scotia and southern Gulf of St. Lawrence, and relatively weak settlement in southern New England, eastern coastal Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, a pattern consistent with commercial lobster harvests. Passive collectors elucidated bathymetric patterns of young-of-year recruitment in oceanographically contrasting regions. Although we observed young-of-year lobsters as deep as 80 m, they were most abundant above the thermocline in summer-stratified regions, such as the western Gulf of Maine and southern New England, and depth-wise differences were less extreme in thermally mixed waters of the eastern Gulf of MaineÁFundy region, a finding consistent with previous observations that postlarvae concentrate above the thermocline. Between the two samplers, we detected no sampling bias for young-of-year lobsters, although collectors may slightly underrepresent older juveniles entering from the surrounding sea bed. Finally, we found that interactions between juvenile lobsters and suspected predators or competitors in collectors, such as crabs and fishes, are weak and unlikely to bias collector results.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The geography and bathymetry of American lobster benthic recruitment as measured by diver-based suction sampling and passive collectors

Wahle

Bergeron

Tremblay

et al. 2013

Marine Biology Research

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“…Forward 1990, Boudreau et al 1991 in order to maintain aerobic metabolism and high swimming activity, emphasizes their degree of thermal specialization. Behavioral responses to temperature can help larvae to control the experienced temperature regime only within limits (Kelly et al 1982, Sulkin 1984, Forward 1990, Shanks 1995, Gardner et al 2004), due to the large-scale nature of most physical drivers of SST fluctuations (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal tolerance of larval stages of the Chilean kelp crab Taliepus dentatus

Storch¹,

Fernández²,

Navarrete³

et al. 2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Physiological responses of larval stages can differ from those of the adults, affecting key ecological processes. Therefore, developing a mechanistic understanding of larval responses to environmental conditions is essential vis-à-vis climate change. We studied the thermal tolerance windows, defined by lower and upper pejus (Tp) and critical temperatures (Tc), of zoea I, II, and megalopa stages of the Chilean kelp crab Taliepus dentatus. Tp limits determine the temperature range where aerobic scope is maximal and functioning of the organism is unrestrained, and were estimated from direct observations of larval activity. Tc limits define the transition from aerobic to anaerobic metabolism, and were estimated from the relationship between standard metabolic rate and temperature. Zoea I showed the broadest, zoea II an intermediate, and megalopae the narrowest tolerance window (Tp). Optimum performance in megalopae was limited to Tp between 11 and 15°C, while their Tc ranged between 7 and 19°C. Although Tc may be seldom encountered by larvae, the narrower Tp temperatures can frequently expose larvae to unfavorable conditions that can drastically constrain their performance. Temperatures beyond the Tp range of megalopae have been observed in most spring and summer months in central Chile, and can have important consequences for larval swimming per formance and impair their ability to avoid predators or settle successfully. Besides the well-documented effects of temperature on development time, variability in field temperatures beyond Tp can affect performance of particular larval stages, which could drive large-scale variability in recruitment and population dynamics of T. dentatus and possibly other invertebrate species.KEY WORDS: Metabolic rate · Critical temperature · Heart beat rate · Larvae · Megalopa · Sea surface temperature · Recruitment · ZoeaResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

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“…Species from a wide variety of taxonomic groups including polychaetes, gastropods, bivalves, cirripedes, decapods, bryozoans, and echinoderms produce larvae whose vertical position in the water column has been shown to be influenced by vertical discontinuities in salinity and/or temperature (e.g. Harder 1968, Oshurkov et al 1982, Scrope-Howe & Jones 1986, Boudreau et al 1991, 1992, Thiebaut et al 1992, Raby et al 1994, Gallager et al 1996, Manuel et al 1996b. Although the scientific literature on the vertical distribution of invertebrate planktonic larvae in the water column in relation to vertical boundaries and water column mixing is substantial, very little work has been conducted to examine how these factors influence settlement of larvae [but see Boudreau et al (1992) who found that laboratory thermoclines significantly reduced the number of post-larval lobster Homarus amencanus settling in comparison with control columns of water with no temperature discontinuities].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of thermoclines and turbulence on depth of larval settlement and spat recruitment of the giant scallop Placopecten magellanicus in 9.5 m deep laboratory mesocosms

Pearce¹,

Gallager²,

Manuel³

et al. 1998

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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An experiment was conducted from December 1992 to February 1993 in a 10.5 m deep, 3.7 m diameter tank to examine the effect of thermoclines and water column turbulence on the depth of larval settlement and spat recruitment of the giant scallop Placopecten magellanicus (Gmelin) Polyethylene tube mesocosms set up within the tank were used to enclose 9.5 m deep columns of seawater which were then used as experimental replicates. Five different treatments were established as follows: (1) no turbulence and a l.S°C thermocline, (2) no turbulence and no thermal gradient, ( 3 ) low level of turbulence with a 1.5"C thermocline, (4) medium level of turbulence with a 0.5OC thermocline. and (5) high level of turbulence with no thermal gradient. Various turbulence levels simulated turbulent energies ranging from open oceanic environments to near-shore and coastal conditions with vertical dissipation rates ranging from 10-' to 1 0 -~ cm2 s -~. Ropes with collectors positioned at every 1 m depth interval were suspended the length of the water column in each replicate tube to collect settled spat. Spat counts varied significantly with both depth and turbulence treatment and were dependent on the interaction between the 2 factors. Numbers of spat generally increased with increasing depth in the static and low turbulence treatments, but this relationship became less evident with increasing turbulence; spat recruitment in the high turbulence tubes appeared random with respect to depth. It is suggested that the trend of increasing recruitment with depth in the static and low turbulence tubes was driven primarily by larval behaviour at settlement. There was no indication of increased recruitment at or above the thermocline, in contrast to a prevlous mesocosm experiment with a stronger thermal gradient and a different population of larvae, suggesting that strahfication intensity may affect depth of larval settlement and spat recruitment. Settlement rate did not appear to be a strict function of larval encounter rate with the spat collectors. Higher spat counts in treatments with a 1.5"C thermocline than in other turbulence treatments, even when results were corrected for differences in competency among the various treatments, suggest that thermal gradients have a potential commercial importance in both the collection and hatchery production of scallop spat.

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Behavioural responses of the planktonic stages of the American lobster Homarus americanus to thermal gradients, and ecological implications

Cited by 27 publications

References 43 publications

The geography and bathymetry of American lobster benthic recruitment as measured by diver-based suction sampling and passive collectors

The geography and bathymetry of American lobster benthic recruitment as measured by diver-based suction sampling and passive collectors

Thermal tolerance of larval stages of the Chilean kelp crab Taliepus dentatus

Effect of thermoclines and turbulence on depth of larval settlement and spat recruitment of the giant scallop Placopecten magellanicus in 9.5 m deep laboratory mesocosms

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