Behavioural Pathology in Fish: A Quantitative Study of Sublethal Pesticide Toxication

Warner, Richard E.; Peterson, Karen K.; Borgman, Leon E.

doi:10.2307/2401462

Cited by 95 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Other symptoms include changes in the electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns, disorientation, loss of muscular coordination and vomiting (Hays & Laws, 1991). Dieldrin showed changes in the learning ability of squirrels (Van Gelder & Cunningham, 1975) and toxaphene caused changes in the behaviour of gold fish (Warner et al, 1966). Mercury containing compounds are also detrimental to the nervous system, particularly the organic mercury compounds.…”

Section: Neurotoxic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide Use in South Africa: One of the Largest Importers of Pesticides in Africa

Quinn¹,

B²,

de³

et al. 2011

Pesticides in the Modern World - Pesticides Use and Management

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Section: Neurotoxic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide Use in South Africa: One of the Largest Importers of Pesticides in Africa

Quinn¹,

B²,

de³

et al. 2011

Pesticides in the Modern World - Pesticides Use and Management

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“…Behavioural endpoints can be more sensitive to contaminants than other endpoints (Warner et al 1966), leaving behavioural studies potentially more ecologically relevant. Mobility is related to a number of important inter-and intraspecific interactions such as reproduction, food acquisition and predator avoidance.…”

Section: Behavioural Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Behavioural and physiological responses to pharmaceutical exposure in macroalgae and grazers from a Baltic Sea littoral community

Wiklund¹,

Oskarsson²,

Thorsén³

et al. 2011

Aquat. Biol.

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Gammarus spp. and Fucus vesiculosus from the Baltic Sea littoral community were exposed to 3 concentrations of the pharmaceuticals ibuprofen and propranolol. Both physiological and behavioural parameters were measured to examine potential effects in the organisms. For Gammarus spp., respiration, feeding rate and activity with and without predator cues were measured, and gross production to respiration ratio (GP/R) and chlorophyll fluorescence were measured for F. vesiculosus. The results showed that propranolol decreased the activity related to movement, and Gammarus spp. could not compensate for the reduced movement when subjected to predator cues. The feeding rates of Gammarus spp. exposed to propranolol were more than 2 times higher at all concentrations compared to the control. Ibuprofen did not significantly affect any of the measured parameters of Gammarus spp. The GP/R was lower in algae exposed to propranolol. The effects of propranolol on both behaviour and physiology of Gammarus spp., in combination with the stress responses in the algae, might cause unexpected indirect and cascade effects which eventually could have implications at both community and ecosystem scales.

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“…Because behaviour is the result of integration of many inputs, it has long been considered as a potentially sensitive indicator of pesticide toxicity (Warner et al 1966). For OPs, behavioural alterations are demonstrated only at AChE inhibition of 4050 per cent (Grue et al 1982;Rudolph et al 1984).…”

Section: Pesticide Effect At Various Levels In Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide Applications-Threat to Ecosystems

Yadav

2010

Journal of Human Ecology

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Many pesticides and chemicals are not biodegradable, and due to bioaccumulation, can enter into food chain and ultimately affect human and animal health. Environmental exposure of pesticides to humans through ecosystems may be during cropping/ agriculture practices, consumption of food materials or air inhalation etc. Without pesticides or agricultural chemicals (herbicides, insecticides, rodenticides, fungicides and plant growth regulators), crop yield could drop by as much as a third and food prices would increase by as much as 75%. In India, 145 pesticides are registered for use at present and production has increased to approximately 85,000 metric tones. Though consumption in India is just about 0.5 kg/ha, but 51% food commodities are contaminated pesticide residues. Toxicity of pesticide is measured according to a number of indices (such as oral and dermal LD50) based on tests carried out on laboratory animals. They act mainly on receptors. In agriculture, mixing-loading step is the most contaminated task in open field accounting for two-thirds of the total daily exposure. Adverse health effects include acute and persistent injury to the nervous system, lung damage, injury to reproductive organs, and dysfunction of the immune and endocrine systems, birth defects and cancer. Even small amounts of some of these chemicals cause death; disrupt hormones and reduce the ability to successfully reproduce; and have been associated with specific cancers. Better understanding of the patterns of exposure, the underlying variability within the human population, and the links between the animal toxicology data and human health effects will improve the evaluation of the risks to human health posed by pesticides. Improving epidemiology studies and integrating this information with toxicology data will allow the human health risks of pesticide exposure to be more accurately judged by public health policy makers. There is need to educate all farmers for judicious use of pesticides, use of biotechnology and bio-pesticides, use of pesticides obtained from natural products such as Azadirachta indica (neem) via proper application of integrated pest management (IPM) programs would positively reflect on human health, agriculture, biodiversity and ecosystem management to minimize environmental problems caused by pesticides.

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Behavioural Pathology in Fish: A Quantitative Study of Sublethal Pesticide Toxication

Cited by 95 publications

References 8 publications

Pesticide Use in South Africa: One of the Largest Importers of Pesticides in Africa

Pesticide Use in South Africa: One of the Largest Importers of Pesticides in Africa

Behavioural and physiological responses to pharmaceutical exposure in macroalgae and grazers from a Baltic Sea littoral community

Pesticide Applications-Threat to Ecosystems

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Behavioural Pathology in Fish: A Quantitative Study of Sublethal Pesticide Toxication

Cited by 95 publications

References 8 publications

Pesticide Use in South Africa: One of the Largest Importers of Pesticides in Africa

Pesticide Use in South Africa: One of the Largest Importers of Pesticides in Africa

Behavioural and physiological responses to ­pharmaceutical exposure in macroalgae and ­grazers from a Baltic Sea littoral community

Pesticide Applications-Threat to Ecosystems

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Product

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Behavioural and physiological responses to pharmaceutical exposure in macroalgae and grazers from a Baltic Sea littoral community