Behavioural lateralization in a detour test is not repeatable in fishes

Roche, Dominique G.; Amcoff, Mirjam; Morgan, Rachael; Sundin, Josefin; Andreassen, Anna H.; Finnøen, Mette Helene; Lawrence, Michael; Henderson, E. N.; Norin, Tommy; Speers‐Roesch, Ben; Brown, Culum; Clark, Timothy D.; Bshary, Redouan; Leung, Brian; Jutfelt, Fredrik; Binning, Sandra A.

doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2020.06.025

Cited by 26 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…Preferred direction away from the startling stimulus has been seen in other fishes (Domenici, 2010). Lateralisation of barrier detours in consequent T-maze trials, on the other hand, appears to be poorly reproducible (Roche et al, 2020). Neither phenomenon, however, appears to have a relation to lateralization of spontaneous thermally induced turns of N. coriiceps observed in our experiments.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Antarctic Teleosts With and Without Haemoglobin Behaviourally Mitigate Deleterious Effects of Acute Environmental Warming

Ismailov

Scharping

Andreeva

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Recent studies forecast that many ectothermic animals, especially aquatic stenotherms, may not be able to thrive or even survive predicted climate change. These projections, however, generally do not call much attention to the role of behaviour, an essential thermoregulatory mechanism of many ectotherms. Here we characterize species-specific locomotor and respiratory responses to acute ambient warming in two highly stenothermic Antarctic Notothenioid fishes, one of which (Chaenocephalus aceratus) lacks haemoglobin and appears to be less tolerant to thermal stress as compared to the other (Notothenia coriiceps), which expresses haemoglobin. At the onset of ambient warming, both species perform distinct locomotor manoeuvres that appear to include avoidance reactions. In response to unavoidable progressive hyperthermia, fishes demonstrate a range of species-specific manoeuvres, all of which appear to provide some mitigation of the deleterious effects of obligatory thermoconformation and to compensate for increasing metabolic demand by enhancing the efficacy of branchial respiration. As temperature continues to rise, Chaenocephalus aceratus supplements these behaviours with intensive pectoral fin fanning which may facilitate cutaneous respiration through its scaleless integument, and Notothenia coriiceps manifests respiratory-locomotor coupling during repetitive startle-like manoeuvres which may further augment gill ventilation. The latter behaviours, found only in Notothenia coriiceps, have highly stereotyped appearance resembling Fixed Action Pattern sequences. Altogether, this behavioural flexibility could contribute to the reduction of the detrimental effects of acute thermal stress within a limited thermal range. In an ecologically relevant setting, this may enable efficient thermoregulation of fishes by habitat selection, thus facilitating their resilience in persistent environmental change.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Antarctic Teleosts With and Without Haemoglobin Behaviourally Mitigate Deleterious Effects of Acute Environmental Warming

Ismailov

Scharping

Andreeva

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…We tested each horse only once, raising the question of how repeatable the eye use biases we observed would be within animals across time [ 81 – 83 ]. We found significant changes in the pattern of eye use across the 5-minutes of observation; notably, the horses used their non-preferred eye to inspect the stimulus more often as the trial progressed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Horses show individual level lateralisation when inspecting an unfamiliar and unexpected stimulus

et al. 2021

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Animals must attend to a diverse array of stimuli in their environments. The emotional valence and salience of a stimulus can affect how this information is processed in the brain. Many species preferentially attend to negatively valent stimuli using the sensory organs on the left side of their body and hence the right hemisphere of their brain. Here, we investigated the lateralisation of visual attention to the rapid appearance of a stimulus (an inflated balloon) designed to induce an avoidance reaction and a negatively valent emotional state in 77 Italian saddle horses. Horses’ eyes are laterally positioned on the head, and each eye projects primarily to the contralateral hemisphere, allowing eye use to be a proxy for preferential processing in one hemisphere of the brain. We predicted that horses would inspect the novel and unexpected stimulus with their left eye and hence right hemisphere. We found that horses primarily inspected the balloon with one eye, and most horses had a preferred eye to do so, however, we did not find a population level tendency for this to be the left or the right eye. The strength of this preference tended to decrease over time, with the horses using their non-preferred eye to inspect the balloon increasingly as the trial progressed. Our results confirm a lateralised eye use tendency when viewing negatively emotionally valent stimuli in horses, in agreement with previous findings. However, there was not any alignment of lateralisation at the group level in our sample, suggesting that the expression of lateralisation in horses depends on the sample population and testing context.

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“…While many results are indeed robust, it is not uncommon that results fail to replicate in subsequent experiments (e.g. Clark et al, 2020; Jones et al, 2019; Roche et al, 2020; Wang et al, 2018). Publication bias and erroneous analyses, favouring positive results in the a priori hypothesized direction, may further contribute to promote spurious effects in the literature (Baltzley & Nabity, 2018; Jennions & Møller, 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unreplicable state‐dependent effects on start‐box emergence latency in wild‐origin sticklebacks

Näslund

2021

Ethology

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Animals are predicted to adjust their behaviour in relation to their bodily energetic state. Adjustment can be driven by either positive feedbacks (e.g. increased risk‐taking with higher energetic status; “state‐dependent safety”) or negative feedbacks (e.g. reduced risk‐taking with higher status; “asset protection”). This study investigated effects of food restriction and subsequent refeeding on boldness‐like behaviour in three‐spined sticklebacks (Gasterosteus aculeatus) and nine‐spined sticklebacks (Pungitius pungitius). The same experimental design was run in 2 consecutive years, using a start‐box emergence test to score behaviour, aiming for an exact replication in the second year. Results indicate that the results from the original and the replicated experiment did not match. Both years there was support for treatment effects, but the effects were qualitatively and quantitatively different. In 2012, the fish on a continuous high ration had longer emergence times than restricted‐refed fish (suggesting asset protection as the feedback mechanism), while in 2013, this pattern is reversed (suggesting state‐dependent safety as the feedback mechanism). In 2013, the general emergence time was also generally shorter than in 2012. These effects suggest that the methodology used may not be particularly robust. Subject fish were wild‐caught, and differences in the populations across years, or in the individuals' prior experience, may have influenced the results. Alternatively, the start‐box emergence test could be sensitive to minor (unperceived) alterations in procedures. Regardless, the present study suggests that the robustness of the start‐box emergence test, which is a commonly used test (e.g. to score “boldness” in animal personality experiments) needs further investigation. In addition to the behavioural experiment, fish going through the refeeding protocol were shown to have higher body water content than fish on a continuously high food ration in both species. Food restriction also decreased relative liver mass in the short term, but it was restored during refeeding.

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Behavioural lateralization in a detour test is not repeatable in fishes

Cited by 26 publications

References 78 publications

Antarctic Teleosts With and Without Haemoglobin Behaviourally Mitigate Deleterious Effects of Acute Environmental Warming

Antarctic Teleosts With and Without Haemoglobin Behaviourally Mitigate Deleterious Effects of Acute Environmental Warming

Horses show individual level lateralisation when inspecting an unfamiliar and unexpected stimulus

Unreplicable state‐dependent effects on start‐box emergence latency in wild‐origin sticklebacks

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