Behavioural interventions for smoking cessation: an overview and network meta-analysis

Hartmann‐Boyce, Jamie; Livingstone‐Banks, Jonathan; Ordóñez‐Mena, José M.; Fanshawe, Thomas R; Lindson, Nicola; Freeman, Suzanne C.; Sutton, Alex J.; Theodoulou, Annika; Aveyard, Paul

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013229.pub2

Cited by 107 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…When we undertook a meta‐analysis, we found that bespoke person‐based smoking cessation interventions for people with SMI were more effective than usual care across all time‐points. This is in line with previous reviews suggesting that smoking cessation interventions are effective in people with mental health problems (but not exclusively SMI) [ 13 ] and the general population [ 40 ]. The largest of the three trials ( n = 526) in this meta‐analysis was at low risk of bias (there were some concerns for the other two), meaning that we are reasonably confident in our conclusion.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A systematic review of behavioural smoking cessation interventions for people with severe mental ill health—what works?

et al. 2021

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Background and Aims: People with severe mental ill health smoke more and suffer greater smoking-related morbidity and mortality. Little is known about the effectiveness of behavioural interventions for smoking cessation in this group. This review evaluated randomized controlled trial evidence to measure the effectiveness of behavioural smoking cessation interventions (both digital and non-digital) in people with severe mental ill health. Design: Systematic review and random-effects meta-analysis. We searched between inception and January 2020 in Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Health Management Information Consortium and CENTRAL databases. Setting and participants: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the effects of behavioural smoking cessation and reduction interventions in adults with severe mental ill health, conducted in any country, in either in-patient or community settings and published in English.Measurements: The primary outcome was biochemically verified smoking cessation.Smoking reduction and changes in mental health symptoms and body mass index (BMI) were included as secondary outcomes. Narrative data synthesis and meta-analysis were conducted and the quality of included studies was appraised using the risk of bias 2 (RoB2) tool. Findings: We included 12 individual studies (16 articles) involving 1861 participants. The first meta-analysis (three studies, 921 participants) demonstrated effectiveness of bespoke face-to-face interventions compared with usual care across all time-points [medium-term: relative risk (RR) = 2.29, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.38-3.81; long-term: RR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.09-2.30]. The second (three studies, 275 participants) did not demonstrate any difference in effectiveness of bespoke digital on-line interventions compared with standard digital on-line interventions (medium-term: RR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.17-4.46). A narrative overview revealed mixed results when comparing bespoke face-to-face interventions with other active interventions. The methodological quality of studies was mixed, with the majority having some concerns mainly around risk of selective reporting. Panagiotis Spanakis and Emily Peckham joint first authors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

A systematic review of behavioural smoking cessation interventions for people with severe mental ill health—what works?

et al. 2021

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“…Furthermore, smoking increases the incidence and mortality of various diseases, including cardiovascular and lung disorders 4 - 6 . Smoking-related diseases are estimated to account for approximately 5.7% of global health expenditure, placing a huge economic burden on individuals and healthcare systems worldwide 7 , 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association between smoking and risk of death in patients with sepsis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Zhang¹,

Liu²,

Yang³

et al. 2022

Tob. Induc. Dis.

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INTRODUCTION Although some research papers have suggested that smoking may increase mortality in patients with sepsis, no evidence has been produced in this regard. This systematic research evaluated the risk of death in patients with sepsis who were smokers to facilitate better clinical decision making. METHODS This is a systematic review registered in PROPERO (CRD42022296654). Searches were conducted to identify suitable studies from the databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials from January 1980 to June 2021. Two independent reviewers screened the articles using keywords and extracted the data. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale (NOS) was used to evaluate the quality of evidence. The primary endpoints included the mortality of patients with sepsis. RESULTS Five studies involving 2694 participants were included in our study. Among the five included articles, three studies had an NOS score of 6, while the other two had an NOS score of 7. The results showed that a significantly higher risk of death was observed in smokers with sepsis compared with non-smokers with sepsis (hazard ratio, HR=1.62; 95% CI: 1.11–2.37, p=0.01). Among the patients followed for more than 2 months, the mortality rate of smokers was significantly higher (2.33 times) than that of non-smokers (HR=2.33; 95% CI: 1.83–2.96, p<0.01). The difference in mortality did not reach statistical significance when the follow-up period was shorter than 2 months (HR=1.22; 95% CI: 0.96–1.56, p=0.10). CONCLUSIONS Smoking increased mortality in patients with sepsis when the follow-up period was longer than 2 months.

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“… 7–9 Despite this, worldwide, one-fifth of the population still smokes regularly 4 and one-third to half fails to engage in regular PA. 10 The most effective actions to reduce health risks are to quit smoking and increase levels of PA. 3 11 12 While over the past decennia, an impressive number of smoking cessation and/or PA-enhancement interventions have been developed and tested, reviews show that they typically only have small to medium (short-term) effects. 13 14 With only mildly successful interventions but impactful health risks, there is need for new and effective strategies to achieve successful smoking cessation and increased PA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the evidence on identity processes and identity-related interventions in the smoking and physical activity domains: a scoping review protocol

et al. 2022

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IntroductionSmoking and insufficient physical activity (PA), independently but especially in conjunction, often lead to disease and (premature) death. For this reason, there is need for effective smoking cessation and PA-increasing interventions. Identity-related interventions which aim to influence how people view themselves offer promising prospects, but an overview of the existing evidence is needed first. This is the protocol for a scoping review aiming to aggregate the evidence on identity processes and identity-related interventions in the smoking and physical activity domains.MethodsThe scoping review will be guided by an adaption by Levac et al of the 2005 Arksey and O’Malley methodological framework, the 2020 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: Extension for Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) and the 2017 Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines. It will include scientific publications discussing identity (processes) and/or identity-related interventions in the context of smoking (cessation) and/or physical (in)activity, in individuals aged 12 and over. A systematic search will be carried out in multiple databases (eg, PubMed, Web of Science). Records will be independently screened against prepiloted inclusion/exclusion criteria by two reviewers, using the Active Learning for Systematic Reviews machine learning artificial intelligence and Rayyan QCRI, a screening assistant. A prepiloted charting table will be used to extract data from included full-text articles. Findings will be reported according to the PRISMA-ScR guidelines and include study quality assessment.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for scoping reviews. Findings will aid the development of future identity-related interventions targeting smoking and physical inactivity.

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Behavioural interventions for smoking cessation: an overview and network meta-analysis

Cited by 107 publications

References 92 publications

A systematic review of behavioural smoking cessation interventions for people with severe mental ill health—what works?

A systematic review of behavioural smoking cessation interventions for people with severe mental ill health—what works?

Association between smoking and risk of death in patients with sepsis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Mapping the evidence on identity processes and identity-related interventions in the smoking and physical activity domains: a scoping review protocol

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