Behaviour of transuranium elements in the environment

Pavlotskaya, F.I.; Goryachenkova, T. A.; Myasoedov, Β. F.

doi:10.1007/bf02039574

Cited by 17 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The following methods were used to obtain these values: particle size, sieving and sedimentation; total N, Kjeldahl method; organic matter, oxidation of the organic matter by potassium dichromate in sulfuric acid; Ca2+ and Mg2~, by exchange versus NH4; CEC, by exchange versus 1 M NH4C1 at pH 7. Sampling and Sample Preparation. All soil samples were taken in June 1990 with a frame (50 x 50 cm) at five plots of the grassland within an area of about 5 x 5 m. The Ah horizon was subdivided in layers of 0-2,2-5, and [5][6][7][8][9][10] cm; the Ai horizon was subdivided in the layers 10-15 and 15-20 cm. From the Bt horizon, the layer 20-30 cm was sampled.…”

Section: Experiments Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the presently observed vertical concentration profiles of these elements in several soils, however, it must be concluded that actinides are sorbed rather tightly by various soil components (clay minerals, hydrous oxides, soil organic matter) and are thus rather immobile. Because the association of actinides with the various soil components controls their availability for migration and plant uptake, several investigations on this subject, even though mainly for Pu, exist (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). It seems, however, that a detailed study on the simultaneous association of Pu and Am from the global fallout with soil components in successive layers of a soil is not available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association of fallout 239+240Pu and 241Am with various soil components in successive layers of a grassland soil

Bunzl¹,

Flessa²,

Kracke³

et al. 1995

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The association of 239+240Pu and241 Am from the global fallout with various soil components was investigated in six successive layers of an undisturbed grassland soil (Alfisol) from 0 to 30 cm by a sequential extraction procedure. In this way, the fractions readily exchangeable, bound to carbonates, bound to iron and manganese oxides, bound to organic matter, and residual (mineral) were determined. The results revealed that these radionuclides are in most soil layers primarily attached to the soil organic matter (in general >57%) but to a considerable extent also attached to oxides and minerals. As a result, the readily exchangeable fraction of these actinides 30-40 years after their deposition is rather low (for Pu, <1%). Significant differences between the partitioning of Pu and Am are observed for all fractions, even though they are rather small for the bound to organic matter fraction [with the exception of the 5-10-cm layer in the Ah horizon, where much more Pu (67%) than Am (18%) is associated with organic matter]. In the fraction bound to oxides, more Am is found than Pu; in the residual fraction (minerals) of most soil layers, more Pu than Am is present. In all soil layers, the readily exchangeable fraction of Am is significantly higher than that of Pu (on average by a factor of 7). The results are also discussed in relation to the long-term vertical migration rates as determined recently for both radionuclides in the same soil and with respect to possible soil reclamation procedures.

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Section: Experiments Sectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of fallout 239+240Pu and 241Am with various soil components in successive layers of a grassland soil

Bunzl¹,

Flessa²,

Kracke³

et al. 1995

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…In sub-plots b and c, open squares denote abundance in the reactor core inventory at the time of the accident uncontaminated river sand for mitigation of radioactivity after the accident. The Chernobyl-derived 239,240 Pu is distributed predominantly in the upper soil horizons in the case of undisturbed soil (Pavlotskaya et al 1991;Knatko et al 1996). Most of the 239,240 Pu was confined to within 60 cm of the surface soil in the studied sites in the Exclusion Zone, as presented in Fig.…”

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confidence: 96%

Radionuclides Released from Nuclear Accidents: Distribution and Dynamics in Soil

Nagao

2016

Environmental Remediation Technologies for Metal-Contaminated Soils

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The Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident in 1986, the Mayak reprocessing plant accident in 1957, and the Fukushima nuclear power plant accident in 2011 have released various radionuclides. Spatial distribution of radionuclides in surface soil constitutes fundamental information related to radiation exposure and to post-accident sources for secondary dispersion of radionuclides. The spatial and vertical distributions of 137 Cs, 90 Sr, and Pu from those three nuclear accidents were reviewed to elucidate the fate of the radionuclides in the soil environment. This chapter specifically presents information about the dynamics of radiocesium ( 134 Cs and 137 Cs) in the soil of contaminated areas because of its long half-life and its major contribution to the overall external radiation dose. Along with an examination of global fallout, for soils of various types, the existence forms and geochemical behavior of radiocesium in surface soil after the Fukushima accident are reviewed, as are similar results from the Chernobyl and Mayak nuclear accidents.

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Content and distribution of239,240Pu in the topsoil and plants of the near zone of the leningrad atomic electric power station

Goryachenkova¹,

Pavlotskaya²,

Kazinskaya³

et al. 1993

At Energy

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Behaviour of transuranium elements in the environment

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

Association of fallout 239+240Pu and 241Am with various soil components in successive layers of a grassland soil

Association of fallout 239+240Pu and 241Am with various soil components in successive layers of a grassland soil

Radionuclides Released from Nuclear Accidents: Distribution and Dynamics in Soil

Content and distribution of239,240Pu in the topsoil and plants of the near zone of the leningrad atomic electric power station

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