Behaviour of tire shred – sand mixtures

Abstract

Tire shreds and tire shred – soil mixtures can be used as alternative backfill material in many geotechnical applications. The reuse of tire shreds may not only address growing environmental and economic concerns, but also help solve geotechnical problems associated with low soil shear strength. In this study, an experimental testing program was undertaken using a large-scale triaxial apparatus with the goal of evaluating the optimum dosage and aspect ratio of tire shreds within granular fills. The effects on shear strength of varying confining pressure and sand matrix relative density were also evaluated. The tire shred content and tire shred aspect ratio were found to influence the stress–strain and volumetric strain behaviour of the mixture. The axial strain at failure was found to increase with increasing tire shred content. Except for specimens of pure tire shreds and with comparatively high tire shred content, the test results showed a dilatant behaviour and a well-defined peak shear strength. The optimum tire shred content (i.e., the one leading to the maximum shear strength) was approximately 35%. For a given tire shred content, increasing the tire shred aspect ratio led to increasing overall shear strength, at least for the range of tire shred aspect ratios considered in this study. The shear strength improvement induced by tire shred inclusions was found to be sensitive to the applied confining pressure, with larger shear strength gains obtained under comparatively low confinement.Key words: tire shreds, shear strength, reinforcement, triaxial testing, stress–strain behaviour.

Recycled Tire Chips Mixed with Sand as Lightweight Backfill Material in Retaining Wall Applications: An Experimental Investigation

“…Various researchers have carried out investigations on the usage of scrap tire derived materials in civil engineering applications like recycled tire chips as a fill material in road/ embankment construction [6][7][8], lightweight fill material in retaining wall backfill under static loading conditions [2][3][4][5], and waste tire shreds as a leachate collection layer [9,10]. Several researchers [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] have evaluated the engineering properties of the scrap tire chips and sand tire chip mixtures by conducting permeability, compressibility, large direct shear tests, and triaxial tests on the samples. The permeability and shear strength of the sand tire chip mixtures are higher than that of sand alone [18] and the unit weight of the tire chips is less than one third of that of sand [3] making them fit for light weight fill material.…”

“…Several researchers [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22] have evaluated the engineering properties of the scrap tire chips and sand tire chip mixtures by conducting permeability, compressibility, large direct shear tests, and triaxial tests on the samples. The permeability and shear strength of the sand tire chip mixtures are higher than that of sand alone [18] and the unit weight of the tire chips is less than one third of that of sand [3] making them fit for light weight fill material.…”

Evaluation on Failure of Fiber-Reinforced Sand

“…Using fibers ranging from steel bars, polypropylene, polyester, glass fibers, and biodegradable fibers such as coir and jute, has been proven to be particularly effective for soil reinforcement (Santoni and Webster 2001;Liu et al 2011). Some recent initiatives also use waste materials such as tire shred, waste fishing nets, and waster plastics as reinforcing fibers (Zornberg et al 2004;Kim et al 2008). Use of fiber reinforcement for soil improvement has been inspired by observations on the stabilizing effect of root systems to soils (Wu et al 1979;Gray and Sotir 1995;Sonnenberg et al 2010).…”

Evaluation of shear strength parameters of granulated waste rubber using artificial neural networks and group method of data handling

“…Properties of tire wastes such as durability, strength, resiliency, and high frictional resistance are the most significant parameters for consideration in the design of highway embankments [13]. Experimental tests have been performed by many researchers on soil-rubber mixture to find out the most efficient fraction of the blend for which the shear strength parameters have maximum values and ameliorate geotechnical properties of the soil alone [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. However, rubber shred masses can be used to act like sand and gravel grains in a lightweight and more compressible manner [27].…”