“…U-Anchors for Type II applications have been studied by Khalifa et al (1999), Micelli et al (2002), Ceroni et al (2008), Beigay et al (2010), and Petty et al (2011). While U-Anchors can potentially be used in Type III applications, such as in studies by Teng et al (2001) and Beigay et al (2010), they are generally not strong enough to resist the large anchoring forces typically required in full-scale applications due to the limited bonded length of FRP within the groove as well as the need to transfer load relatively deeply into the supporting member. Careful consideration should be taken in selecting the U-Anchor arrangement, depth, and location because constructing the required groove may result in stress concentrations in the substrate or a weakened section at the groove location.…”