Behaviors of vanadium and chromium in coal-based direct reduction of high-chromium vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite concentrates followed by magnetic separation

Zhao, Longsheng; Wang, Lina; Chen, Desheng; Zhao, Hongxin; Liu, Yahui; Qi, Tao

doi:10.1016/s1003-6326(15)63731-1

Cited by 89 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Previous studies show that coal-based direct reduction followed by magnetic separation is the most effective method to achieve titanium and iron separation from TTM ore. [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The process involves the following steps: First, TTM ore of the proper size, coal, and additives are mixed together. Second, the mixture is placed in a crucible and roasted at a high temperature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Na2SO4 on the Embedding Direct Reduction of Beach Titanomagnetite and the Separation of Titanium and Iron by Magnetic Separation

et al. 2015

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A novel process for separating iron and titanium from Indonesian beach titanomagnetite (TTM) concentrates is proposed. This process involves several steps, including mixing the TTM concentrate and additive, pressing the mixture into pellets, embedding direct reduction of the pellets, and magnetic separation. Given that coal and additives are the main factors influencing the coal-based direct reduction of beach TTM, this study employed embedding reduction, where pellets are embedded under the coal to be reduced, and Na 2 SO 4 was used as an additive. The best result was obtained when the Na 2 SO 4 dosage was 4%, and the direct reduction iron powder (DRI powder) with an iron grade of 94.45%, iron recovery of 85.18%, and TiO 2 content of 0.44% were obtained. Titanium concentrate assay yielded 40.43% TiO 2 containing main titanium minerals of ilmenite and ferrous pseudobrookite. The results showed that a suitable Na 2 SO 4 addition (4-6%), DRI powder and titanium concentrate presented better iron recovery and TiO 2 grade as compared without addition, while this advantage disappeared as Na 2 SO 4 addition increased ( > 6%). The characteristics of roasted pellets were analyzed through X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectrometry. Results showed that FeS and nepheline are formed by addition of Na 2 SO 4 , thereby benefiting the migration and growth of metallic iron particles in the redox system and separation of titanium and iron. While a suitable dosage of Na 2 SO 4 could promote porosity and induce a reducing atmosphere, but more liquid phase formed by an excessive Na 2 SO 4 was unfavorable and caused expansion of the pellets.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Na2SO4 on the Embedding Direct Reduction of Beach Titanomagnetite and the Separation of Titanium and Iron by Magnetic Separation

et al. 2015

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“…It requires higher reduction temperature, more reducing agent and longer reduction time. Many scholars have studied the carbothermal reduction process of titaniummagnetite, titanium generally existed in the forms of FeTiO 3 , (Fe,Mg)Ti 2 O 5 , and TiO 2 rather than TiN in the reduced products as reported [4,5,13,14]. This may be due to the fact that these experiments were carried out at the conditions of relatively lower temperature, lack of sufficient reducing agent and sufficient reduction time.…”

Section: Microstructure Of the Reduced Composite Pelletsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…The reduction of vanadium oxides occurs more readily than reduction of titanium oxides [4]. Considering the fact that titanium oxides has been reduced and nitrided to TiN under the present conditions, vanadium oxides should also be reduced and transformed to nitride or carbide according to the following reactions [17].…”

Section: Pointmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Direct Reduced Iron and Titanium Nitride from Panzhihua Titanomagnetite Concentrate Through Carbothermic Reduction-Magnetic Separation

Wen

Chen

et al. 2017

Minerals

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Abstract:A novel process for preparing direct reduction iron (DRI) and titanium nitride (TiN) from Panzhihua titanomagnetite concentrate is proposed. This process involves pelletizing, direct reduction roasting and magnetic separation. The effects of reduction temperature, coal dosage and reduction time on the phase transformation of composite pellets were investigated by X-ray diffraction. Results show that TiN formation proceeds less easily than metallic iron formation. Increasing the reduction temperature, reduction time and coal dosage can promote the transformation of titanium to TiN. Titanium was almost completely transformed into TiN under the conditions of 1300 • C reduction temperature, 26 wt % coal dosage and 90 min reduction time. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis showed that near-spherical metallic iron particles with diameters from dozens of microns to about 300 µm were formed in the reduced pellets, whereas the TiN particles generally measured less than 10 µm. The energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) results revealed that the TiN phase contains a certain amount of vanadium and carbon, and traces of other impurities. The reduced composite pellets under the optimum conditions were processed by grinding and subsequent magnetic separation. As a result, a DRI with 92.88 wt % Fe, 1.00 wt % Ti, and 0.13 wt % V was obtained, and the recoveries of Fe, Ti, and V were 92.85 wt %, 9.00 wt %, and 19.40 wt %, respectively. 91.00 wt % Ti and 80.60 wt % V were concentrated in the rough TiN concentrate.

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“…6) Compared with the BF process, several new processes on the basis of direct reduction containing coal of HVTM or other minerals have been widely studied. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Zhao et al 8) surveyed the reduction behaviors of FeO·V 2 O 3 and FeO·Cr 2 O 3 during coal-based direct reduction of HVTM and the effects on the elements distribution in the subsequent magnetic separation. Hu et al…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Preheating Temperature and Time of Hongge Vanadium Titanomagnetite Pellet on Its Gas-Based Direct Reduction Behavior with Simulated Shaft Furnace Gases

Wang

et al. 2018

ISIJ Int.

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Behaviors of vanadium and chromium in coal-based direct reduction of high-chromium vanadium-bearing titanomagnetite concentrates followed by magnetic separation

Cited by 89 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> on the Embedding Direct Reduction of Beach Titanomagnetite and the Separation of Titanium and Iron by Magnetic Separation

Effect of Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> on the Embedding Direct Reduction of Beach Titanomagnetite and the Separation of Titanium and Iron by Magnetic Separation

Preparation of Direct Reduced Iron and Titanium Nitride from Panzhihua Titanomagnetite Concentrate Through Carbothermic Reduction-Magnetic Separation

Effects of Preheating Temperature and Time of Hongge Vanadium Titanomagnetite Pellet on Its Gas-Based Direct Reduction Behavior with Simulated Shaft Furnace Gases

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