Behaviorally Selective Engagement of Short-Latency Effector Pathways by Motor Cortex

Miri, Andrew; Warriner, Claire L.; Seely, Jeffrey; Elsayed, Gamaleldin F.; Cunningham, John P.; Churchland, Mark M.; Jessell, Thomas M.

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2017.06.042

Cited by 142 publications

(216 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…2015) and more indirect corticospinal pathways contribute to RM (locomotion) in rodents (Miri et al . 2017). It is possible that EFD +3 ms comprises these more indirect corticospinal connections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent research emphasizes the contribution of motor cortex and corticospinal pathways during different phases of DM and RM (Miri et al . 2017). A real‐time signal processing system (STIMULI; Pfitec Biomedical Systems, Endingen, Germany) triggered all stimulations according to the online rectified EMG signal of the FCR.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The differences in neural mechanisms underlying DM and RM seem to be specifically related to the initiating and the ending of the movements as ongoing RM also differ from the first (Ikegami et al 2010) and the last cycle of RM (van Mourik & Beek, 2004). Moreover, from animal studies it was suggested that different functional anatomical representations in the motor cortex are accompanied by DM and RM dynamics (Hira et al 2015) and that corticospinal pathways engage in DM and RM differently with regards to movement phase (Miri et al 2017). In conclusion, experimental evidence favours the viewpoint that different neural entities control DM and RM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…2015) and that corticospinal pathways engage in DM and RM differently with regards to movement phase (Miri et al . 2017). In conclusion, experimental evidence favours the viewpoint that different neural entities control DM and RM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evidence that distinct human primary motor cortex circuits control discrete and rhythmic movements

Wiegel

Kurz

Leukel

2020

The Journal of Physiology

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Key points Discrete and rhythmic dynamics are inherent components of (human) movements. We provide evidence that distinct human motor cortex circuits contribute to discrete and rhythmic movements. Excitability of supragranular layer circuits of the human motor cortex was higher during discrete movements than during rhythmic movements. Conversely, more complex corticospinal circuits showed higher excitability during rhythmic movements than during discrete movements. No task‐specific differences existed for corticospinal output neurons at infragranular layers. The excitability differences were found to be time(phase)‐specific and could not be explained by the kinematic properties of the movements. The same task‐specific differences were found between the last cycle of a rhythmic movement period and ongoing rhythmic movements. Abstract Human actions entail discrete and rhythmic movements (DM and RM, respectively). Recent insights from human and animal studies indicate different neural control mechanisms for DM and RM, emphasizing the intrinsic nature of the task. However, how distinct human motor cortex circuits contribute to these movements remains largely unknown. In the present study, we tested distinct primary motor cortex and corticospinal circuits and proposed that they show differential excitability between DM and RM. Human subjects performed either 1) DM or 2) RM using their right wrist. We applied an advanced electrophysiological approach involving transcranial magnetic stimulation and peripheral nerve stimulation to test the excitability of the neural circuits. Probing was performed at different movement phases: movement initiation (MI, 20 ms after EMG onset) and movement execution (ME, 200 ms after EMG onset) of the wrist flexion. At MI, excitability at supragranular layers was significantly higher in DM than in RM. Conversely, excitability of more complex corticospinal circuits was significantly lower in DM than RM at ME. No task‐specific differences were found for direct corticospinal output neurons at infragranular layers. The neural differences could not be explained by the kinematic properties of the movements and also existed between ongoing RM and the last cycle of RM. Our results therefore strengthen the hypothesis that different neural control mechanisms engage in DM and RM.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evidence that distinct human primary motor cortex circuits control discrete and rhythmic movements

Wiegel

Kurz

Leukel

2020

The Journal of Physiology

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“…The traditional idea that the cortex controls muscles in a one-to-one fashion has been challenged by several lines of evidence [5,6]. For example, it is widely recognized that the many degrees-of-freedom (DOFs) of the musculoskeletal system prohibit a simple one-to-one correspondence between a motor task and a particular motor solution; rather muscles are coupled and controlled in conjunction [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network structure of the human musculoskeletal system shapes neural interactions on multiple timescales

Kerkman

Daffertshofer

Gollo

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Human motor control requires the coordination of muscle activity under the anatomical constraints imposed by the musculoskeletal system. Interactions within the central nervous system are fundamental to motor coordination, but the principles governing functional integration remain poorly understood. We used network analysis to investigate the relationship between anatomical and functional connectivity amongst 36 muscles. Anatomical networks were defined by the physical connections between muscles and functional networks were based on intermuscular coherence assessed during postural tasks. We found a modular structure of functional networks that was strongly shaped by the anatomical constraints of the musculoskeletal system. Muscle networks exhibited a multilayer architecture with functional interactions at distinct timescales. Changes in postural tasks were associated with a frequency-dependent reconfiguration of the coupling between functional modules. Combined, these findings suggest these spectral modes may signify a coordinative structure for flexibly organising muscle activity during postural control. More broadly, our multi-level network approach to the motor system offers a unique window into the coordinated neural circuitry that generates synergistic input to muscles in different behaviours.not peer-reviewed)

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Mast cell stabilizer, an anti-allergic drug, reduces ventricular arrhythmia risk via modulation of neuroimmune interaction

Wang,

Liu,

Zhou

et al. 2024

Basic Res Cardiol

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Behaviorally Selective Engagement of Short-Latency Effector Pathways by Motor Cortex

Cited by 142 publications

References 73 publications

Evidence that distinct human primary motor cortex circuits control discrete and rhythmic movements

Evidence that distinct human primary motor cortex circuits control discrete and rhythmic movements

Network structure of the human musculoskeletal system shapes neural interactions on multiple timescales

Mast cell stabilizer, an anti-allergic drug, reduces ventricular arrhythmia risk via modulation of neuroimmune interaction

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