Behavioral variation among cloned pigs

Archer, Gregory S.; Friend, T.H.; Piedrahita, Jorge A.; Nevill, Christian H.; Walker, S.

doi:10.1016/s0168-1591(03)00065-0

Cited by 41 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Although the study of taste is not specifically relevant to welfare assessment, the reaction towards different food sources could bring, in our opinion, some further insights into the pigs' sensory capacities. In this respect, our results fully agree with those reported by Archer et al (2003) who tested the same ingredients and they indicate a strong predilection for apple and banana, as well as lemon aversion, therefore confirming the well-known preference of pigs for sweet taste (Diaz et al, 1956). As far as the main behavioural traits are concerned, lying (sternal and lateral recumbencies) is the most frequent behaviour in stabled pigs and it varies, over a 24-h period, from 60% of total observation for young piglets (Hay et al, 2003) to 80% and more for 10-month old pigs with a BW of about 160 kg (Scipioni et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…All animals were tested for food preferences according to the protocol drawn by Archer et al (2003). The pigs were offered the following foods by hand: apples (delicious stark), bananas, saltine crackers, carrots and lemons.…”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Literature dealing with the welfare assessment of GM and cloned pigs is fairly rare and mainly based on growth parameters, organ development and hematologic parameters (Tucker et al, 2002;Deppenmeier et al, 2006;Estrada et al, 2007). To the best of our knowledge, only in a few cases animal behavioural indicators were used to assess animal welfare: Archer et al (2003) investigated the variability of behaviour among cloned animals, whereas Huber et al (2012) carried out an extensive welfare assessment on transgenic pigs expressing green fluorescent protein that included the study of general health and development, social behaviour, exploratory behaviour and emotionality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A study on some welfare-related parameters of hDAF transgenic pigs when compared with their conventional close relatives

Martelli

Sardi

Stancampiano

et al. 2014

Animal

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Pigs are increasingly used in medical research as transgenic laboratory animals; however, little knowledge is presently available concerning their welfare assessment. The aim of the present study was to investigate some welfare-related parameters of transgenic pigs intended for xenotrasplantation (human decay-accelerating factor (hDAF)) when compared with their conventional (i.e. not transgenic) close relatives (full sibs and half sibs). A total of 14 Large White female transgenic pigs and 10 female non-transgenic (conventional) pigs from four litters were used. All pigs were from the same conventional boar, donor of the semen treated for sperm-mediated gene transfer. During the experiment, BW ranged from 50 to about 80 kg and pigs were weighed at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. Animals were subjected to a set of behavioural tests: a human approach test (HAT), a novel object test (NOT) and an open-door test (ODT). Food preferences were tested through the offer of different foods (banana, apple, carrot, cracker and lemon). During a 4-day period, pigs were diurnally videotaped to study the prevalence of the different behaviours and social interactions (aggressive and non-aggressive interactions). At the end of the trial, cortisol level had been assessed on bristles. No significant differences ( P > 0.05) were observed between hDAF transgenic and conventional pigs with respect to growth traits, reactivity towards unexpected situations (HAT, NOT, ODT), food preferences, main behavioural traits, social interactions and hair cortisol.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A study on some welfare-related parameters of hDAF transgenic pigs when compared with their conventional close relatives

Martelli

Sardi

Stancampiano

et al. 2014

Animal

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“…The relationship of dominance and faster growth is well known from bisexual crayfish species but is usually attributed to genetic differences in food conversion and aggression (Reynolds, 1989). Behavioural variations among genetically identical organisms kept in a constant environment were also observed for cloned pigs (Archer et al, 2003b).…”

Section: Variation Of Behaviourmentioning

confidence: 94%

Production of different phenotypes from the same genotype in the same environment by developmental variation

Vogt

Huber

Thiemann

et al. 2008

Journal of Experimental Biology

197

184

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SUMMARY The phenotype of an organism is determined by the genes, the environment and stochastic developmental events. Although recognized as a basic biological principle influencing life history, susceptibility to diseases, and probably evolution, developmental variation (DV) has been only poorly investigated due to the lack of a suitable model organism. This obstacle could be overcome by using the recently detected, robust and highly fecund parthenogenetic marbled crayfish as an experimental animal. Batch-mates of this clonal crayfish, which were shown to be isogenic by analysis of nuclear microsatellite loci,exhibited surprisingly broad ranges of variation in coloration, growth,life-span, reproduction, behaviour and number of sense organs, even when reared under identical conditions. Maximal variation was observed for the marmorated coloration, the pattern of which was unique in each of the several hundred individuals examined. Variation among identically raised batch-mates was also found with respect to fluctuating asymmetry, a traditional indicator of the epigenetic part of the phenotype, and global DNA methylation, an overall molecular marker of an animal's epigenetic state. Developmental variation was produced in all life stages, probably by reaction–diffusion-like patterning mechanisms in early development and non-linear, self-reinforcing circuitries involving behaviour and metabolism in later stages. Our data indicate that, despite being raised in the same environment, individual genotypes can map to numerous phenotypes viaDV, thus generating variability among clone-mates and individuality in a parthenogenetic species. Our results further show that DV, an apparently ubiquitous phenomenon in animals and plants, can introduce components of randomness into life histories, modifying individual fitness and population dynamics. Possible perspectives of DV for evolutionary biology are discussed.

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“…The reproductive characteristics of cloned boars are highly comparable to naturally produced boars [7,8]. After a series of behavior tests, Archer et al [9] concluded that food preference, temperament and time budgets of two genetically identified Duroc litters and their naturally bred controls were similar. Gwazdauskas et al [10] also reported that the behavior of cloned gilts was the same as that of non-cloned gilts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The ecological adaptability of cloned sheep to free-grazing in the Tengger Desert of Inner Mongolia, China

Li¹,

Li²,

Wang³

et al. 2014

Front. Agr. Sci. Eng.

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Since the birth of the first cloned sheep, somatic cell nuclear transfer technology has been successfully used to clone a variety of mammals. Cloned livestock have no apparent health risks, and the quality and safety of the cloned animal products are similar to non-cloned animals. The social behavior and environmental adaptability of postnatal cloned animals, especially when used for grassland farm production purposes, is unknown. In the present study, the cloned Dorper sheep equipped with GPS location devices were free-grazed in a harsh natural environment similar to conditions commonly experienced by Mongolian sheep. The main findings of this research were as follows. (1) Under free-grazing conditions, the cloned sheep showed excellent climatic and ecological adaptability. In extreme temperature conditions ranging from -30 to 40°C, the cloned sheep maintained acceptable body condition and behaved as other sheep. (2) The cloned sheep quickly adapted from a herd feeding strategy to the harsh environment and quickly exhibited a grazing regimen as other free-grazing sheep. (3) The cloned sheep exhibited free-grazing patterns and social behavior as other sheep. (4) The cloned sheep in the harsh environment thrived and produced healthy lambs. Overall, the cloned Dorper sheep exhibited excellent ecological adaptation, which is an important consideration for breeding meat sheep by cloning. The Dorper sheep readily adapted to the free-grazing conditions on the Mongolian plateau grassland, which attests to their ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions.

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Behavioral variation among cloned pigs

Cited by 41 publications

References 16 publications

A study on some welfare-related parameters of hDAF transgenic pigs when compared with their conventional close relatives

A study on some welfare-related parameters of hDAF transgenic pigs when compared with their conventional close relatives

Production of different phenotypes from the same genotype in the same environment by developmental variation

The ecological adaptability of cloned sheep to free-grazing in the Tengger Desert of Inner Mongolia, China

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