Behavioral effects of lead: commonalities between experimental and epidemiologic data.

Rice, Deborah C.

doi:10.1289/ehp.96104s2337

Cited by 79 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 94 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, embryonic exposure to nutritional or toxic metal stress in mammals can alter behavior and growth later in life (Ravelli et al 1976;Rice 1996aRice , 1996b, low food levels in young birds can affect future survival and fecundity (Haywood and Perrins 1992;Merilä and Svensson 1997), extended larval periods can cause marine invertebrates to grow slower in the juvenile stage (Pechenik and Cerulli 1991;Pechenik et al 1993Pechenik et al , 1996a, and larval competition can reduce development, survival, and fecundity of post-metamorphic amphibians (Berven and Gill 1983;Smith 1983;Newman 1988;Semlitsch et al 1988;Pfenning et al 1991). While we have abundant evidence that early environments can affect subsequent performance (growth, fecundity, and survival), we have a poor understanding of the underlying mechanisms that are responsible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of larval predators and competitors on the morphology and fitness of juvenile treefrogs

2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Studies of phenotypic plasticity typically focus on traits in single ontogenetic stages. However, plastic responses can be induced in multiple ontogenetic stages and traits induced early in ontogeny may have lasting effects. We examined how gray treefrog larvae altered their morphology in four different larval environments and whether different larval environments affected the survival, growth, development, and morphology of juvenile frogs at metamorphosis. We then reared these juveniles in terrestrial environments under high and low intraspecific competition to determine whether the initial differences in traits at metamorphosis affected subsequent survival and growth, whether the initial phenotypic differences converged over time, and whether competition in the terrestrial environment induced further phenotypic changes. Larval and juvenile environments both affected treefrog traits. Larval predators induced relatively deep tail fins and short bodies, but there was no impact on larval development. In contrast, larval competitors induced relatively short tails and long bodies, reduced larval growth, and slowed larval development. At metamorphosis, larval predators had no effect on juvenile growth or relative morphology while larval competitors produced juveniles that were smaller and possessed relatively shorter limbs and shorter bodies. After 1 month of terrestrial competition among the juvenile frogs, the initial differences in juvenile morphology did not converge. There were no differences in growth due to larval treatment but there were differences in survival. Individuals that experienced low competition as tadpoles experienced near perfect survival as juvenile frogs but individuals that experienced high competition as tadpoles suffered an 18% decrease in survival as juvenile frogs. There were also morphological responses to juvenile competition, but these changes appear to be due, at least in part, to allometric effects. Collectively, these results demonstrate that larval environments can have profound impacts on the traits and fitness of organisms later in ontogeny.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of larval predators and competitors on the morphology and fitness of juvenile treefrogs

2003

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Chromium, lead, cadmium and antimony poss serious health hazards (Carpi 1997;Goyer 1993) due to their long half lives and their biochemical effects (Goyer 1996;Hall 2002;Levin-Scherz et al 1987;Rice 1996). The concern about their presence in the environment is increasing day by day.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of heavy metals in some environmental samples

Ahmad

Rashid

Rehman

2008

Environ Monit Assess

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fuels like coal and rubber are frequently used for brick burning. However, both coal and rubber contain heavy metals. These heavy metals may elutriate in the wake of fly ash or may adsorb or absorb in the product. The present work deals with the analysis of heavy metals in some samples collected from brick burning industries located in the vicinity of a metropolitan city, Peshawar, Pakistan. Samples from raw clay, product, chimney scale and fossil fuel & rubber were collected and leached with acid mixture. The leachates were concentrated and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer for the determination of chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and antimony (Sb). It was observed that heavy metals are present in clay, brick and chimney scale. However, significant amount of these metals was observed in chimney scale. It is inferred that such emanations laden with heavy metals are accompanying the stack gases which are being dumped in to the environment. In order to avoid environmental problems, strict environmental regulations shall be enforced and a constant check on these emanations to the environment must be made to ensure clean air act.

show abstract

“…However, muscle and heart were statistically different in the oral groups compared to the IP groups although they had low concentrations of Pb (Table 1). In heart, Pb accumulation generates a set of effects that are analogous to those produced by various forms of human cardiac disease [14]. The differences between the oral groups in Pb concentration doesn't vary greatly (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Brain doesn't contain a high concentration of Pb (Table 1) and therefore we wouldn't expect to see much change between the test groups. In brain, Pb effects manifest at low overall levels and include cognitive impairment and reduced IQ [12][13][14]. However, muscle and heart were statistically different in the oral groups compared to the IP groups although they had low concentrations of Pb (Table 1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral administration versus intra-peritoneal injection of Pb affects its concentration in selected rat tissues

Steinbaugh

Taylor

Pfeiffer

2007

Inorganic Chemistry Communications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During studies in our laboratory, a significant difference in Pb concentration was observed depending upon Pb administration: rats that were given Pb by intra-peritoneal injection showed a higher concentration of Pb and smaller relative errors compared to their oral counterparts. The relative percent changes in several tissues between oral and IP groups were calculated to determine whether Pb concentrations were statistically significant or not. Published by Elsevier B.V.Pb poisoning is a serious health problem that continues even after the banning of its primary source, lead-based paint, in 1978 and tetraethyl lead in gasoline. This is seen most dramatically in children living in low-incoming housing, where the houses contain lead-based paint. Other sources of Pb include water pipes found in older houses; soil and other water sources located near industrial factories. It can result in retarded growth, diminished IQ, and developmental abnormalities in children [1] and adults can be plagued by hypertension, anemia, hearing loss, kidney damage, peripheral neuropathies, infertility, diminished life span, and encephalopathy, listed in the order associated with increasing blood lead levels [2]. It is the most dramatic in children with one out of every ten above the CDC established limit of Pb level in blood of 10 lg/dL [3].Our laboratory is focused on using ionophores in the treatment of Pb intoxication; specifically monensin [4], ionomycin [5], A23187 [6], and nigericin [7]. These and other polyether ionophores have been shown to transport Pb 2+ ions across phospholipid bilayers in model membranes and form complexes with Pb 2+ in solution [4][5][6][7]. We have extended our studies into a living system using the rat as our model. During separate studies, we provided Pb to the rats either through their drinking water or by intra-peritoneal (IP) injection in the form of Pb(acetate) 2 . We have seen a trend in Pb accumulation such that its method of administration affects their levels in selected organs: rats that were given Pb by IP injection showed a higher concentration of the metal and smaller relative errors compared to their oral counterparts. This study examines these marked differences in Pb concentration between oral administration and IP injection.During past studies, we have observed a marked difference in the concentration of Pb in selected rat tissues and felt that it would be of importance to further examine this trend. Using Pb loading data from past experiments [4, 8, unpublished data], we wanted to gain a better understanding as to why the mode of Pb administration changes the 1387-7003/$ -see front matter Published by Elsevier B.V.

show abstract

Behavioral effects of lead: commonalities between experimental and epidemiologic data.

Abstract: Enormous effort has been focused over the last decade and a half on characterizing the behavioral effects of lead in the developing organism. While 337-351 (1996)

Cited by 79 publications

References 94 publications

The impact of larval predators and competitors on the morphology and fitness of juvenile treefrogs

The impact of larval predators and competitors on the morphology and fitness of juvenile treefrogs

Study of heavy metals in some environmental samples

Oral administration versus intra-peritoneal injection of Pb affects its concentration in selected rat tissues

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About