Behavioral development and habitat structure affect postfledging movements of songbirds

Jenkins, Julianna M. A.; Thompson, Frank R.; Faaborg, John

doi:10.1002/jwmg.21171

Cited by 12 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 39 publications

(66 reference statements)

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“…This is consistent with prior studies that found that Acadian flycatchers place nests more often in areas with open understory [13,43]. Postfledging flycatchers in our study appeared less restricted than nesting birds in their vertical space-use, utilizing all canopy layers, whereas nesting flycatchers were mainly observed foraging and defending nests in the low or mid-canopy [18]. We may have missed an important structural requirement for postfledging flycatcher resource selection, since our traditional plot sampling was not designed to capture comprehensive vertical canopy structure.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…We monitored 264 Acadian flycatcher nests and attached radio transmitters to 45 Acadian flycatchers from 45 broods from 2013–2015. We relocated fledglings every 1.59 ± 0.06 days for a maximum of 45 days postfledging [ 18 , 32 ]. We collected 170 complete choice-sets for Acadian flycatcher nests and 422 total choice-sets for 39 Acadian flycatcher juveniles with 10.8 ± 0.97 (range 1−20) sets per individual (138 sets from 39 early dependent individuals, 172 choice-sets from 30 late dependent individuals, and 112 choice-sets from 24 independent fledglings; S1 Table ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Random points were 50 m away at a random azimuth from the used location. We considered random sites as available due to their close proximity to use sites; 50 m is within the range of juvenile daily movements for both species throughout the postfledging period [ 18 ]. We constrained random samples to ‘reasonable’ habitats based upon prior knowledge of species natural history.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The highest postfledging mortality rates for both species are reported in the first week out of the nest when fledglings are unable to make long flights and depend on adults for food [ 5 , 32 , 33 ]. After week one, mortality rates rapidly decline and juveniles increase their daily movements and foraging effort but remain in family groups near natal territories for several weeks [ 5 , 18 ]. After independence, juveniles no longer receive supplemental food and many disperse from natal areas [ 34 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mortality rates are highest early in this dependent postfledging period as they gain mobility and foraging skills [ 15 – 17 ]. After gaining independence from adults several weeks postfledging, longer dispersal movements away from natal areas become common [ 18 ]. Postfledging Acadian flycatchers in Ohio riparian forests were found in areas with significantly greater shrub cover than seen at nest sites [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Species-specific variation in nesting and postfledging resource selection for two forest breeding migrant songbirds

2017

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Habitat selection is a fundamental component of community ecology, population ecology, and evolutionary biology and can be especially important to species with complex annual habitat requirements, such as migratory birds. Resource preferences on the breeding grounds may change during the postfledging period for migrant songbirds, however, the degree to which selection changes, timing of change, and whether all or only a few species alter their resource use is unclear. We compared resource selection for nest sites and resource selection by postfledging juvenile ovenbirds (Seiurus aurocapilla) and Acadian flycatchers (Empidonax virescens) followed with radio telemetry in Missouri mature forest fragments from 2012−2015. We used Bayesian discrete choice modeling to evaluate support for local vegetation characteristics on the probability of selection for nest sites and locations utilized by different ages of postfledging juveniles. Patterns of resource selection variation were species-specific. Resource selection models indicated that Acadian flycatcher habitat selection criteria were similar for nesting and dependent postfledging juveniles and selection criteria diverged when juveniles became independent from adults. After independence, flycatcher resource selection was more associated with understory foliage density. Ovenbirds differed in selection criteria between the nesting and postfledging periods. Fledgling ovenbirds selected areas with higher densities of understory structure compared to nest sites, and the effect of foliage density on selection increased as juveniles aged and gained independence. The differences observed between two sympatric forest nesting species, in both the timing and degree of change in resource selection criteria over the course of the breeding season, illustrates the importance of considering species-specific traits and postfledging requirements when developing conservation efforts, especially when foraging guilds or prey bases differ. We recommend that postfledging habitat selection be considered in future conservation efforts dealing with Neotropical migrants and other forest breeding songbirds.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Species-specific variation in nesting and postfledging resource selection for two forest breeding migrant songbirds

2017

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Interpreting long‐distance movements of non‐migratory golden eagles: Prospecting and nomadism?

et al. 2022

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Movements by animals can serve different functions and occur over a variety of spatial and temporal scales. Routine movement types, such as residency (localized movements) and migration, have been well studied. However, nonroutine movement types, such as dispersal, prospecting, and nomadism, are less well understood. Documenting these rarely detected events requires tracking large numbers of individuals across all age classes. We studied >500 golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) tracked by telemetry over a 10‐year period in western North America, of which 160 engaged in nonroutine, long‐distance (>300 km) movements. We identified spatial and temporal correlates of those movements at both small and large scales, and we quantified movement timing and direction. We further tested which age and sex classes of eagles were more likely to engage in these movements. Our analysis of 88,093 daily tracks suggested that distances traveled by eagles were responsive to the updraft potential of the spatial and temporal landscape they encountered. Tracks covered longer distances at locations and times of higher updraft potential, and older birds traveled farther than younger birds. By contrast, after decomposing daily tracks into 563 nonroutine, long‐distance movements measured at a multiday scale, only the duration of travel was responsive to environmental conditions encountered by eagles. Multiday trips that were longer were those initiated in open and warm landscapes and those that ended in mountainous regions. Finally, long‐distance movements were more frequently made in seasons other than winter, in north–south directions, and by young birds. We documented clear correlates of nonroutine, long‐distance movements by golden eagles at small, local scales but found little evidence of such correlates at larger, regional scales. Most long‐distance movements we documented fit patterns associated with traditional definitions of prospecting and nomadism but not migration. Our study is the first to describe these movement types by golden eagles, and as such provides a foundation for subsequent study into the movement ecology of other species.

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Resource selection and movement by northern bobwhite broods varies with age and explains survival

et al. 2021

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Behavioral development and habitat structure affect postfledging movements of songbirds

Cited by 12 publications

References 39 publications

Species-specific variation in nesting and postfledging resource selection for two forest breeding migrant songbirds

Species-specific variation in nesting and postfledging resource selection for two forest breeding migrant songbirds

Interpreting long‐distance movements of non‐migratory golden eagles: Prospecting and nomadism?

Resource selection and movement by northern bobwhite broods varies with age and explains survival

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