Behavioral defenses of honey bees against Varroa jacobsoni Oud.

Boecking, Otto; Spivak, Marla

doi:10.1051/apido:19990205

Cited by 205 publications

(223 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Sensitivity to these olfactory cues are enhanced by the neuromodulator octopamine , and amazingly workers can recognize odors specific to infested brood though the wax capping that is laid down over the comb when bee larvae pupate (Gramacho and Spivak, 2003;Spivak, 1996). When a diseased individual is detected, the workers collectively uncap the brood cell, pull the pupae out of the brood nest, and dispose it of outside the colony (Boecking and Spivak, 1999). The bee's ability to discriminate between olfactory signatures may be of relevance to research on the use of odors in tumor diagnostics (Yamazaki et al, 2002).…”

Section: Killing Of Developing Brood-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Order, Disorder, Death: Lessons from a Superorganism

Amdam¹,

Seehuus²

2006

Advances in Cancer Research

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Animal models contribute to the understanding of molecular mechanism of cancer, revealing complex roles of altered cellular-signaling networks and deficient surveillance systems. Analogous pathologies are documented in an unconventional model organism that receives attention in research on systems theory, evolution, and aging. The honeybee (Apis mellifera) colony is an advanced integrative unit, a "superorganism" in which order is controlled via complex signaling cascades and surveillance schemes. A facultatively sterile caste, the workers, regulates patterns of growth, differentiation, homeostasis, and death. Workers differentiate into temporal phenotypes in response to dynamic social cues; chemosensory signals that can translate into dramatic physiological responses, including programmed cell death. Temporal worker forms function together, and effectively identify and terminate abnormal colony members ranging from embryos to adults. As long as this regulatory system is operational at a colony level, the unit survives and propagates. However, if the worker phenotypes that collectively govern order become too few or change into malignant forms that bypass control mechanisms to replicate aberrantly; order is replaced by disorder that ultimately leads to the destruction of the society. In this chapter we describe fundamental properties of honeybee social organization, and explore conditions that lead to states of disorder. Our hope is that this chapter will be an inspirational source for ongoing and future work in the field of cancer research.

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Section: Killing Of Developing Brood-mentioning

confidence: 99%

Order, Disorder, Death: Lessons from a Superorganism

Amdam¹,

Seehuus²

2006

Advances in Cancer Research

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“…Like all animals, individual honeybees recruit physiological and immunological defence against disease agents (Evans et al, 2006;Schmid et al, 2008;Wilson-Rich et al, 2008). Moreover, as well as individual immunity, honeybees also show several physiological, behavioural and organizational colony-level adaptations such as spatial and behavioural compartmentalization of worker bees on the nest (Naug and Camazine, 2002;Naug, 2008), social fever (Starks et al, 2000), nest construction and enrichment with antimicrobial material (Simone et al, 2009;Baracchi and Turillazzi, 2010;Baracchi et al, 2011), grooming (Kolmes, 1989;Boecking and Spivak, 1999), hygienic behaviour (Rothenbuhler and Thompson, 1956;Spivak and Gilliam, 1998a,b;Richard et al, 2008), undertaking (Visscher, 1983) and self-removing (Kralj and Fuchs, 2006;Naug and Gibbs, 2009;Rueppell et al, 2010). Behaviour, in particular, plays an important role in infection control: removal, quarantine or exile of infected individuals can reduce the exposure of a population once disease takes hold (Clancy, 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence for antiseptic behaviour towards sick adult bees in honey bee colonies

Baracchi

Fadda

Turillazzi

2012

Journal of Insect Physiology

102

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a b s t r a c tSocial life is generally associated with an increased risk of disease transmission, but at the same time it allows behavioural defence at both the individual and collective level. Bees infected with deformed-wing virus were introduced into observation hives; through behavioural observations and chemical analysis of cuticular hydrocarbons from healthy and infected bees, we offer the first evidence that honeybee colonies can detect and remove infected adult bees, probably by recognising the cuticular hydrocarbon profiles of sick individuals. We also found that health-compromised colonies were less efficient at defending themselves against infected bees, thus facing an ever increasing risk of epidemics. This work reveals a new antiseptic behaviour that can only be interpreted as an adaptation at colony level and one which should be considered an element of the social immunity system of the beehive, re-enforcing the view of a colony as an integrated organism.

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“…Among them, active defense mechanisms such as grooming and hygienic behavior have been most commonly investigated (e.g., Boecking, 1992;Boecking & Spivak, 1999;Harbo & Harris, 1999;Harbo & Hoopingarner, 1997;Peng, Fang, Xu, & Ge, 1987). In grooming behavior, honey bee workers try to get rid of mites, either by grooming themselves or other nestmates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of grooming behavior in A. mellifera colonies seems to be highly variable and some racespecific differences may exist in the level of its occurrence among honey bee colonies (reviewed by Rosenkranz, Aumeier, & Ziegelmann, 2010). By the removal behavior, honey bee workers also remove varroa mites from the opened brood cells; this leads to an interruption in the reproductive cycle of mites (Boecking & Spivak, 1999;Peng et al, 1987).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating the influence of postcapping period on varroa mite infestation

Ardestani

2015

Journal of Apicultural Research

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The aim of this study was to assess infestation levels of Varroa destructor in some honey bee colonies from the National breeding program in the central part of Iran, and the relationship between mite infestation levels and postcapping period (PCP) of worker brood cells. Shortening the PCP is an important parameter limiting the success of varroa mite reproduction in honey bee colonies. In the present study, four pure-bred line colonies from isolated areas were selected to investigate the brood capping durations and mite infestation levels. Cages were used to synchronize egg laying of the queens and the time of capping and emerging of the brood cells was recorded at two-hour intervals. The results did not show any significant differences on the average of PCP of brood cells and mite infestation levels among test colonies. In addition, non-significant correlations were found between mite infestation and the capping period during the experiment. A relatively shorter capping period of brood cells was observed in one of the provinces compared to others, corresponding with slightly lower mite levels in the same colonies, which might suggest that reducing capping duration may be one of the factors which can potentially affect mite populations in honey bee colonies and therefore should be considered in breeding programs.Investigació n de la influencia del período de operculado en la infestació n de ácaros varroa El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar los niveles de infestació n de Varroa destructor en algunas colonias de abejas melíferas de programa nacional de cría en la parte central de Irán, y la relació n entre los niveles de infestació n de ácaros y el periodo tras el operculado (PTO) de celdas de cría de obreras. Acortar el PTO es un parámetro importante que limita el éxito de la reproducció n de los ácaros varroa en las colonias de abejas de miel. En el presente estudio, se seleccionaron cuatro colonias de líneas de raza pura de zonas aisladas para investigar la duració n del operculado de la cría y los niveles de infestació n de ácaros. Se utilizaron jaulas para sincronizar la puesta de huevos de las reinas y el tiempo de operculado y emergencia de las celdas de cría se registró a intervalos de dos horas. Los resultados no mostraron diferencias significativas en la media del período de operculado de las celdas de cría y los niveles de infestació n del ácaro entre las colonias de prueba. Además, se encontraron correlaciones no significativas entre la infestació n de ácaros y el período de operculado durante el experimento. Se observó un período de operculado relativamente corto en las celdas de cría en una de las provincias en comparació n con las demás, lo que se corresponde con niveles ligeramente más bajos de ácaros en las mismas colonias, lo que podría sugerir que la reducció n de la duració n del periodo de operculado puede ser uno de los factores que pueden afectar potencialmente a las poblaciones de ácaros en las colonias de abejas de miel y, por tanto, deben ser consideradas en los programas de mejoramie...

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Behavioral defenses of honey bees against Varroa jacobsoni Oud.

Cited by 205 publications

References 55 publications

Order, Disorder, Death: Lessons from a Superorganism

Order, Disorder, Death: Lessons from a Superorganism

Evidence for antiseptic behaviour towards sick adult bees in honey bee colonies

Investigating the influence of postcapping period on varroa mite infestation

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