Behavioral and Socio-emotional Functioning in Children with Selective Mutism: A Comparison with Anxious and Typically Developing Children Across Multiple Informants

Carbone, D.; Schmidt, Louis A.; Cunningham, Charles; McHolm, Angela E.; Edison, Shannon C.; Pierre, Jeff St.; Boyle, Michael H.

doi:10.1007/s10802-010-9425-y

Cited by 61 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…On the item level, adolescents with SM also perceived themselves as significantly more shy than those with SP and as having more deficits in social and communicative skills. These findings at least partially contradict prior studies, which noted similar social anxiety rates in SM and SP or even mixed anxiety groups and healthy controls in parent ratings or self-report [12,16,17,19,20,23]. Our discrepant findings might be in part explained by the fact that previous studies included children with SP in their mixed anxiety groups, hence elevating social anxiety means.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…However, as only mean raw scores were reported, conclusions on the clinical significance of the results are difficult to draw. Equal ratings of self-reported, generalized separation and social anxiety were found when comparing a large sample of children with SM (n = 44) to children with mixed anxiety disorders and community controls, possibly due to underreporting of both clinical groups [20]. In contrast to this result, elevated self-reported social anxiety in children with SM compared to normal controls and a mixed anxiety group [15,21] was found in two separate studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In another investigation, parents also rated children with SM as more anxious and obsessive-compulsive than normal controls but as equally depressed and anxious of separation [22]. In another study, however, children with SM were rated as more socially anxious than those with mixed anxiety and normal controls and as also having more generalized and separation anxiety than normal controls [20]. In a recent study with a wide age range of participants from 3-16 years, children with SM were rated similarly regarding anxiety/shyness as a mixed anxiety group [23], while another study found overall anxiety of children with mixed anxiety disorders to be high compared to children with SM and normal controls [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, a previous study reported a considerably lower ODD rate (4%) in SM as well as equal results compared to SP on selected CBCL scores, except in delinquency scales, with children with SM scoring higher but still in the normal range [12]. Congruent with these investigations, a number of studies yielded equal parent-reported externalizing behavior of children with SM and community controls [11,20,22] and mixed anxiety groups [11,20], respectively. Levin-Decanini et al [23] found that children with SM had significantly lower parent-rated scores on oppositional behavior than a mixed anxiety group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selective Mutism: The Fraternal Twin of Childhood Social Phobia

et al. 2016

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Background: Selective mutism (SM) is an anxiety disorder with a close link to childhood social phobia (SP). Our studies compare behavioral problem profiles in children and adolescents with SM and SP and control groups and assess the comorbidity patterns of SM and SP. Methods: Participants aged 3-18 years with SM (n = 95), SP (n = 74) and internalizing disorders (INT, n = 46) and a typically developing control group (CG, n = 119) were assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL); adolescents were additionally assessed with the Youth Self-Report (YSR). Comorbidity was assessed in SM and SP participants with a diagnostic interview. Results: SP was detected in 94% of children with SM. SM participants showed different behavioral and psychiatric symptoms than SP: they were more frequently affected by lifetime separation anxiety disorder (SM: 45%, SP: 26%) and oppositional defiant disorder (SM: 22%, SP: 5%), and less by generalized anxiety disorder (SM: 6%, SP: 20%) and major depression (SM: 12%, SP: 26%). Adolescents with SM showed high rates of agoraphobia (SM 27%; SP 10%) and more social problems (YSR), and were more withdrawn (CBCL, YSR) than those with SP alone. Specific behavioral problems of SM and SP compared to INT and CG were observed. Conclusion: SM and SP represent separate but closely related disorders, distinct from other INT and CG, with specific patterns of lifetime comorbidities.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Selective Mutism: The Fraternal Twin of Childhood Social Phobia

et al. 2016

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“…On the other hand, as showed by Carbone et al the social skills training may merit inclusion in the intervention options for children with anxiety disorders as well as children with SM [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Efficacy and Safety of Psychomotor Approach in Children Affected by Selective Mutism: A Multicenter Study in Italian Pediatric Population

Esposito¹,

Precenzano²,

Ruberto³

et al. 2015

Int J Psychol Behav Anal

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Introduction: Selective mutism is a relative rare disease in children coded by DSM-V in anxiety disorders. No specific treatment were yet coded, although the disabling nature of the disease. Aims of the present study were to verify the effect of the six months standard psychomotor approach on a population of children affected by selective mutism and the effects on life aspects. Materials and Methods: The study population was composed of 67 children (39 males, mean age of 7.93 ± 1.05 years) recruited in the Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatric Center of Second University of Naples. The psychomotor approach was administered by trained child therapists in residential settings three per week, with the same therapist for each child; all therapists shared the same protocol. The standard psychomotor session length was 45 minutes. At T0 and after 6 months (T1) of treatments, the patients underwent a behavioural and SM severity assessment. In order to verify the effects of the psychomotor approach, the CBCL and SMQ were administered to parents of all children. Results: After 6 months of psychomotor treatment SM children showed a significant reduction in Social Relations, Anxious/Depressed, Social problems and Total problems (p<0.001), Withdrawn (p=0.007) and Internalizing problems (p=0.020) among CBCL scores. (Table 1) Regarding SM severity according SMQ assessment, our sample showed a reduction of SM symptoms in all situations (School, p=0.003; Family, p=0.018; and Social, p=0.030 situations) and in SMQ total score (p<0.001). Conclusion: Our preliminary results may suggest the posi¬tive effect of the psychomotor approach in rehabilitative program for children affected by selective mutism, even if further researches are needed.

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Genetic Factors in Social Anxiety Disorder

Stein

Gelernter

2014

The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Social Anxiety Disorder

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Behavioral and Socio-emotional Functioning in Children with Selective Mutism: A Comparison with Anxious and Typically Developing Children Across Multiple Informants

Cited by 61 publications

References 37 publications

Selective Mutism: The Fraternal Twin of Childhood Social Phobia

Selective Mutism: The Fraternal Twin of Childhood Social Phobia

Efficacy and Safety of Psychomotor Approach in Children Affected by Selective Mutism: A Multicenter Study in Italian Pediatric Population

Genetic Factors in Social Anxiety Disorder

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