Behavioral and neurological foundations for the moral and legal implications of intoxication, addictive behaviors and disinhibition

Leeman, Robert F.; Grant, Jon E.; Potenza, Marc N.

doi:10.1002/bsl.855

Cited by 39 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 102 publications

(156 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…These behaviors and connections are typically implicated in addiction and relapse. The vACC is anatomically connected to the OFC, nucleus accumbens, amygdala, hippocampus, and hypothalamus and is involved in affective and emotional processing (Bush et al, 2000, Leeman et al, 2009). The dACC is anatomically connected to the lateral prefrontal cortex, parietal cortex, and is involved in external attention, decision-making, and inhibition (Bush et al, 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cingulate cortex functional connectivity predicts future relapse in alcohol dependent individuals

Zakiniaeiz

Mayes

Seo

et al. 2017

NeuroImage: Clinical

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Alcohol dependence is a chronic relapsing illness. Alcohol and stress cues have consistently been shown to increase craving and relapse risk in recovering alcohol dependent (AUD) patients. However, differences in functional connectivity in response to these cues have not been studied using data-driven approaches. Here, voxel-wise connectivity is used in a whole-brain investigation of functional connectivity differences associated with alcohol and stress cues and to examine whether these differences are related to subsequent relapse. In Study 1, 45, 4- to 8-week abstinent, recovering AUD patients underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging during individualized imagery of alcohol, stress, and neutral cues. Relapse measures were collected prospectively for 90 days post-discharge from inpatient treatment. AUD patients showed blunted anterior (ACC), mid (MCC) and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), voxel-wise connectivity responses to stress compared to neutral cues and blunted PCC response to alcohol compared to neutral cues. Using Cox proportional hazard regression, weaker connectivity in ACC and MCC during neutral exposure was associated with longer time to relapse (better recovery outcome). Similarly, greater connectivity in PCC during alcohol-cue compared to stress cue was associated with longer time to relapse. In Study 2, a sub-group of 30 AUD patients were demographically-matched to 30 healthy control (HC) participants for group comparisons. AUD compared to HC participants showed reduced cingulate connectivity during alcohol and stress cues. Using novel data-driven approaches, the cingulate cortex emerged as a key region in the disruption of functional connectivity during alcohol and stress-cue processing in AUD patients and as a marker of subsequent alcohol relapse.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cingulate cortex functional connectivity predicts future relapse in alcohol dependent individuals

Zakiniaeiz

Mayes

Seo

et al. 2017

NeuroImage: Clinical

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Impulsivity, a multi-faceted construct with relevance to myriad psychiatric conditions including PG and SUDs (Leeman et al 2009; Petry 2007), has been defined as “a predisposition toward rapid, unplanned reactions to internal or external stimuli with diminished regard to the negative consequences of these reactions to the impulsive individual or others” (Brewer and Potenza 2008; Moeller et al 2001). Responsiveness to reward, at the expense of passive, inhibitory behaviors and reduced responsiveness to punishment, have been related to impulsivity (Patterson and Newman 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Similarities and differences between pathological gambling and substance use disorders: a focus on impulsivity and compulsivity

2011

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rationale Pathological gambling (PG) has recently been considered as a “behavioral” or non-substance addiction. A comparison of characteristics of PG and substance use disorders (SUDs) has clinical ramifications and could help advance future research on these conditions. Specific relationships with impulsivity and compulsivity may be central to understanding PG and SUDs. Objectives To compare and contrast research findings in PG and SUDs pertaining to neurocogntive tasks, brain function and neurochemistry, with a focus on impulsivity and compulsivity. Results Multiple similarities were found between PG and SUDs, including poor performance on neurocognitive tasks, specifically with respect to impulsive choice and response tendencies and compulsive features (e.g., response perseveration and action with diminished relationship to goals or reward). Findings suggest dysfunction involving similar brain regions, including the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (PFC) and striatum and similar neurotransmitter systems, including dopaminergic and serotonergic. Unique features exist which may in part reflect influences of acute or chronic exposures to specific substances. Conclusions Both similarities and differences exist between PG and SUDs. Understanding these similarities more precisely may facilitate treatment development across addictions, whereas understanding differences may provide insight into treatment development for specific disorders. Individual differences in features of impulsivity and compulsivity may represent important endophenotypic targets for prevention and treatment strategies.

show abstract

“…Use of multiple doses is important as dosage is a key factor in subjective response (Morean and Corbin 2010; Schuckit et al 1984). The use of lower risk social drinkers allows for investigation of relationships between impulsivity and subjective response to alcohol with minimal confounding by heavy alcohol exposure, which has been found to affect both subjective response to alcohol (Morean and Corbin 2008) and impulsive behavior (see Leeman et al 2009). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships between impulsivity and subjective response in an IV ethanol paradigm

et al. 2014

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rationale: Impulsivity and individual differences in subjective response to alcohol are risk factors for alcohol problems and possibly endophenotypes for alcohol dependence. Few prior studies have addressed relationships between the two constructs. Objectives: To predict subjective responses to ethanol, we tested self-reported impulsiveness, ethanol dose condition (high dose, low dose or placebo) and time (7 timepoints) along with interactions among these variables. Methods: The present study is a secondary analysis of data from a within subject, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging ethanol administration study using IV infusion with a clamping technique to maintain steady-state breath alcohol concentration. The sample consisted of healthy, non-alcohol dependent social alcohol drinkers between the ages of 21-30 (N=105). Participants at varying levels of impulsivity were compared with regard to stimulant and subjective responses to three ethanol dose conditions over time. Results: Individuals with higher impulsivity reported stronger stimulant and weaker sedative response to alcohol, particularly at the higher dose. Higher impulsivity was associated with a steeper increase in stimulant effects during the first half of clamped ethanol infusion with the higher dose. Conclusions: These results suggest that impulsive individuals may experience enhanced reinforcing, stimulant effects and relatively muted aversive, sedative effects from alcohol. These subjective responses may relate to enhanced risk of alcohol problems among more impulsive individuals.

show abstract

Behavioral and neurological foundations for the moral and legal implications of intoxication, addictive behaviors and disinhibition

Cited by 39 publications

References 102 publications

Cingulate cortex functional connectivity predicts future relapse in alcohol dependent individuals

Cingulate cortex functional connectivity predicts future relapse in alcohol dependent individuals

Similarities and differences between pathological gambling and substance use disorders: a focus on impulsivity and compulsivity

Relationships between impulsivity and subjective response in an IV ethanol paradigm

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About