Behavioral and neural correlates of facial versus nonfacial stimuli processing in adults with ADHD: An ERP study.

Raz, Sivan; Dan, Orrie

doi:10.1037/neu0000176

Cited by 11 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 73 publications

(112 reference statements)

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“…Thus, ADHD appeared to be associated with enhanced processing of angry faces despite the indication of enhanced attentional orienting to emotional stimuli in general. Another study using only angry faces did not find the same N170 effects, but instead showed that ADHD at age 24 was associated with enhanced target-P3b amplitude and reduced target-N3 amplitude (also known as LPN or late posterior negative slow wave) in response to angry faces, which was interpreted as an index of more effortful processing (Raz and Dan, 2015b) (Table 1A).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Task paradigms that are broadly relevant to socioemotional processing might also combine parameters that have been considered separately in the ADHD and ASD literature. Face processing tasks could, for example, consider a range of positive and negative emotions, so to establish if processing of specific emotions are disorder-specific (e.g., Raz and Dan, 2015a, 2015b). Additional parameters to consider are passive viewing versus active recognition and faces versus non-faces, given the inconsistency, even in the ASD literature, in relation to atypical face processing (e.g., Faja et al, 2016; O’Connor et al, 2005; Stavropoulos et al, 2016; Webb et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Overlaps and distinctions between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder in young adulthood: Systematic review and guiding framework for EEG-imaging research

Lau‐Zhu

Fritz

McLoughlin

2019

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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HighlightsThe neural basis of ADHD-ASD overlap is understudied in young adulthood (ages 16–26).We systematically reviewed relevant EEG-imaging studies (with cognitive tasks) since 2000.Seventy-five articles were identified covering seven broad neurocognitive domains.Findings suggest neural overlaps and distinctions between ADHD and ASD.Not a single study compared both disorders directly or considered dual-diagnosis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overlaps and distinctions between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder in young adulthood: Systematic review and guiding framework for EEG-imaging research

Lau‐Zhu

Fritz

McLoughlin

2019

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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“…Furthermore, situational stimuli such as interactions and overall pictures were more easily interpreted by children with ADHD [27]. Also, in 2015, Raz and Dan showed that adults with ADHD had worse performance in recognition of facial expressions but were more proficient than controls in situational analysis [28]. However, none of the participants from the ADHD group were medicated during the study [28].…”

Section: Adhd the Perception Of Time And Time Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also, in 2015, Raz and Dan showed that adults with ADHD had worse performance in recognition of facial expressions but were more proficient than controls in situational analysis [28]. However, none of the participants from the ADHD group were medicated during the study [28]. The influence of medications used in the treatment of ADHD, such as methylphenidate, was found to have a positive effect on the perception of time but, of interest, the same effect was found when monetary rewards were offered [29].…”

Section: Adhd the Perception Of Time And Time Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Implications of the Perception of Time in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Review

et al. 2019

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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a lifelong neurodevelopmental disorder that can affect many areas of the daily life of individuals and is associated with poor health outcomes and with debilitating deficits in executive function. Recently, increasing numbers of research studies have begun to investigate the associations between neural and behavioral manifestations of ADHD. This review summarizes recent research on the perception of time in ADHD and proposes that this symptom is a possible diagnostic characteristic. Controlled studies on time perception have compared individuals with ADHD with typically developing controls (TDCs) and have used methods that include the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (ZTPI). Practical approaches to time perception and its evaluation have shown that individuals with ADHD have difficulties in time estimation and discrimination activities as well as having the feeling that time is passing by without them being able to complete tasks accurately and well. Although ADHD has been associated with neurologic abnormalities in the mesolimbic and dopaminergic systems, recent studies have found that when individuals with ADHD are treated medically, their perception of time tends to normalize. The relationship between ADHD and the perception of time requires greater attention. Further studies on time perception in ADHD with other abnormalities, including executive function, might be approaches that refine the classification and diagnosis of ADHD and should include studies on its varied presentation in different age groups.

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“…The oddball paradigm is also used to investigate the special role of emotional content in perception and attention 16 , by employing, for example, neutral facial expressions as the standard stimuli (i.e., "target") and emotional facial expressions as the deviant stimuli (i.e., "non-target"). Using such a paradigm, Raz and Dan 17 demonstrated that participants with ADHD generally perform worse than controls, as reflected in higher rates of omission errors and commission errors, slower RTs, and higher RTSD. However, higher rates of omissions and slower RTs in the ADHD participants compared with controls were only found in response to face targets but not in response to geometric shape targets, suggesting a specific ADHD-related deficit in the processing of emotional facial expressions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of sleep deprivation on the processing of emotional facial expressions in young adults with and without ADHD

Cohen

Asraf

Saveliev

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The ability to recognize emotions from facial expressions is essential to the development of complex social cognition behaviors, and impairments in this ability are associated with poor social competence. This study aimed to examine the effects of sleep deprivation on the processing of emotional facial expressions and nonfacial stimuli in young adults with and without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Thirty-five men (mean age 25.4) with (n = 19) and without (n = 16) ADHD participated in the study. During the five days preceding the experimental session, the participants were required to sleep at least seven hours per night (23:00/24:00–7:00/9:00) and their sleep was monitored via actigraphy. On the morning of the experimental session, the participants completed a 4-stimulus visual oddball task combining facial and nonfacial stimuli, and repeated it after 25 h of sustained wakefulness. At baseline, both study groups had poorer performance in response to facial rather than non-facial target stimuli on all indices of the oddball task, with no differences between the groups. Following sleep deprivation, rates of omission errors, commission errors and reaction time variability increased significantly in the ADHD group but not in the control group. Time and target type (face/non-face) did not have an interactive effect on any indices of the oddball task. Young adults with ADHD are more sensitive to the negative effects of sleep deprivation on attentional processes, including those related to the processing of emotional facial expressions. As poor sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness are common in individuals with ADHD, it is feasible that poor sleep quality and quantity play an important role in cognitive functioning deficits, including the processing of emotional facial expressions that are associated with ADHD.

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Behavioral and neural correlates of facial versus nonfacial stimuli processing in adults with ADHD: An ERP study.

Cited by 11 publications

References 73 publications

Overlaps and distinctions between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder in young adulthood: Systematic review and guiding framework for EEG-imaging research

Overlaps and distinctions between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder in young adulthood: Systematic review and guiding framework for EEG-imaging research

Clinical Implications of the Perception of Time in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): A Review

The effects of sleep deprivation on the processing of emotional facial expressions in young adults with and without ADHD

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