Behavioral and cognitive profile of mice with high and low exploratory phenotypes

Kazlauckas, Vanessa; Schuh, Juliana Ferro; Dall'Igna, Oscar Phelippe Permigotti; Pereira, Grace Schenatto; Bonan, Carla Denise; Lara, Diogo R.

doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2005.03.021

Cited by 72 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Most important, high exploratory mice were aggressive in the intruder test, whereas low exploratory mice were nonaggressive or submissive (Kazlauckas et al, 2005). Thus an approach-related temperament related to a tendency toward aggression.…”

Section: Animal Behavioral Researchmentioning

confidence: 89%

Anger is an approach-related affect: Evidence and implications.

Carver¹,

Harmon‐Jones²

2009

Psychological Bulletin

1,348

1,165

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The authors review a range of evidence concerning the motivational underpinnings of anger as an affect, with particular reference to the relationship between anger and anxiety or fear. The evidence supports the view that anger relates to an appetitive or approach motivational system, whereas anxiety relates to an aversive or avoidance motivational system. This evidence appears to have 2 implications. One implication concerns the nature of anterior cortical asymmetry effects. The evidence suggests that such asymmetry reflects direction of motivational engagement (approach vs. withdrawal) rather than affective valence. The other implication concerns the idea that affects form a purely positive dimension and a purely negative dimension, which reflect the operation of appetitive and aversive motivational systems, respectively. The evidence reviewed does not support that view. The evidence is, however, consistent with a discrete-emotions view (which does not rely on dimensionality) and with an alternative dimensional approach.Keywords: anger, approach, appetitive system, avoidance, threat system Recent years have seen a surge of interest in emotional experience (e.g., Barrett, Niedenthal, & Winkielman, 2005;Dalgleish & Power, 1999;Davidson, Scherer, & Goldsmith, 2003;Frijda, 2007; Lane & Nadel, 2000;Lewis & Haviland-Jones, 2000;Ortony, Clore, & Collins, 1988;Panksepp, 1998; Rottenberg & Johnson, 2007; Scherer, Schorr, & Johnstone, 2001). Views of emotion vary considerably, in several respects. As one example, some people view emotions as a set of distinct modular entities, often considered basic emotions (e.g., Ekman, 1992;Izard, 1991;Izard & Ackerman, 2000;Levenson, 1994Levenson, , 1999Panksepp, 1998;Roseman, 1991). Others hold that affects are best understood by reference to underlying dimensions (e.g., Barrett, 2006;Cacioppo, Gardner, & Berntson, 1999;Carver & Scheier, 1998;Davidson, 1998;Gray, 1994a;Lang, Bradley, & Cuthbert, 1992Russell, 2003;Russell & Carroll, 1999a, 1999bWatson, Wiese, Vaidya, & Tellegen, 1999;Yik, Russell, & Barrett, 1999). AngerThis article focuses on one specific affect-anger. Specifically, it addresses the relationship of this affect to broad motivational tendencies of approach and avoidance, and it considers implications of that relationship for two areas of thought and research. We begin with a few words about definitions.Sometimes the terms affect, feeling, and emotion are treated as interchangeable (e.g., Isen, 2000); sometimes they are distinguished from each other (e.g., Fredrickson, 2001;. Affect is generally used to imply a hedonic experience, a sense of valence, a subjective sense of positivity or negativity arising from an event. When many use the word emotion, it is with that sense in mind. As Frijda (2000) put it, "For many theorists, the essence of emotion is feeling, and notably 'affect,' here used in the sense of a feeling of pleasure or pain . . . ." (p. 63). As Ortony et al. (1988) put it, emotions are ". . valenced reactions to events, agents, or objects . ." (p. 13). T...

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Section: Animal Behavioral Researchmentioning

confidence: 89%

Anger is an approach-related affect: Evidence and implications.

Carver¹,

Harmon‐Jones²

2009

Psychological Bulletin

1,348

1,165

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…17 The striking similarity in behavioral time courses between the identified GTM strains and the D2 parental mice strongly suggests that these strains harbor codominant loci contributing directly to the behavior. Additional measures such as approach or withdrawal speeds relative to the object did not identify additional loci.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…17 Mice were returned to the same apparatus used for the previous open-field test, except a black plastic cylinder (d, 10 cm; h, 10 cm) was placed on the floor of the test chambers, 8 cm from the wall. Lighting was provided by overhead floodlights and was held constant throughout the test at B200 lux.…”

Section: Novel Object Challengementioning

confidence: 99%

A genome-wide panel of congenic mice reveals widespread epistasis of behavior quantitative trait loci

Gale

Yazdi

et al. 2008

Mol Psychiatry

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Understanding the genetics of behavioral variation remains a fascinating but difficult problem with considerable theoretical and practical implications. We used the genome-tagged mice (GTM) and an extensive test battery of well-validated behavioral assays to scan the genome for behavioral quantitative trait loci (QTLs). The GTM are a panel of 'speed congenic' mice consisting of over 60 strains spanning the entire autosomal genome. Each strain harbors a small (B23 cM) DBA/2J donor segment on a uniform C57BL/6J background. The panel allows for mapping to regions as small as 5 cM and provides a powerful new tool for increasing mapping power and replicability in the analysis of QTLs. A total of 97 loci were mapped for a variety of complex behavioral traits including hyperactivity, anxiety, prepulse inhibition, avoidance and conditional fear. A larger number of loci were recovered than generally attained from standard mapping crosses. In addition, a surprisingly high proportion of loci, 63%, showed phenotypes unlike either of the parental strains. These data suggest that epistasis decreases sensitivity of locus detection in traditional crosses and demonstrate the utility of the GTM for mapping complex behavioral traits with high sensitivity and precision.

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“…Total traveled distance was measured using an automated tracking device. Moreover, the time spent by animals in three concentric areas was automatically measured as an index of anxious behavior (Kassed and Herkenham, 2004;Kazlauckas et al, 2005). Since the probability to explore an area is proportional to the size of the area, the time spent in each area was also divided by the percentage size of the total area to obtain unbiased estimates.…”

Section: Open-field Explorationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Na⁺–Ca²⁺Exchanger (NCX3) Knock-Out Mice Display an Impairment in Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation and Spatial Learning and Memory

et al. 2011

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Long-term potentiation (LTP) depends on the coordinated regulation of an ensemble of proteins related toϪ/Ϫ mice displayed a reduced spatial learning and memory performance, as revealed by the novel object recognition, Barnes maze, and context-dependent fear conditioning assays. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the deletion of the ncx3 gene in mice has detrimental consequences on basal synaptic transmission, LTP regulation, spatial learning, and memory performance.

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Behavioral and cognitive profile of mice with high and low exploratory phenotypes

Cited by 72 publications

References 24 publications

Anger is an approach-related affect: Evidence and implications.

Anger is an approach-related affect: Evidence and implications.

A genome-wide panel of congenic mice reveals widespread epistasis of behavior quantitative trait loci

Na⁺–Ca²⁺Exchanger (NCX3) Knock-Out Mice Display an Impairment in Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation and Spatial Learning and Memory

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Behavioral and cognitive profile of mice with high and low exploratory phenotypes

Cited by 72 publications

References 24 publications

Anger is an approach-related affect: Evidence and implications.

Anger is an approach-related affect: Evidence and implications.

A genome-wide panel of congenic mice reveals widespread epistasis of behavior quantitative trait loci

Na+–Ca2+Exchanger (NCX3) Knock-Out Mice Display an Impairment in Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation and Spatial Learning and Memory

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Product

Resources

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Na⁺–Ca²⁺Exchanger (NCX3) Knock-Out Mice Display an Impairment in Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation and Spatial Learning and Memory