Behavioral and Biochemical Consequences of Combined Lesions of the Medial Septum/Diagonal Band and Nucleus Basalis in the Rat When Ibotenic Acid, Quisqualic Acid, and AMPA Are Used

Waite, Jerene J.; Chen, Andrew D.; Wardlow, M.L.; Thal, Leon J.

doi:10.1006/exnr.1994.1200

Cited by 29 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Although hippocampal lesions [20] or TBI [10] severely impairs MWM performance, mice with bilateral hippocampal lesions demonstrate improved performance with multiple training trials [20]. Accordingly, MWM performance may employ brain areas in addition to the hippocampus, such as the striatum [21], basal forebrain [22], insular cortex [23], etc. ; making this task a useful model to study the functional consequences of a lateralized brain injury in mice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of left and right lateral fluid percussion injury in C57BL6/J mice: In vivo functional consequences

Schurman

Smith

Morales

et al. 2017

Neuroscience Letters

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Although rodent models of traumatic brain injury (TBI) reliably produce cognitive and motor disturbances, behavioral characterization resulting from left and right hemisphere injuries remains unexplored. Here we examined the functional consequences of targeting the left versus right parietal cortex in lateral fluid percussion injury, on Morris water maze (MWM) spatial memory tasks (fixed platform and reversal) and neurological motor deficits (neurological severity score and rotarod). In the MWM fixed platform task, right lateral injury produced a small delay in acquisition rate compared to left. However, injury to either hemisphere resulted in probe trial deficits. In the MWM reversal task, left-right performance deficits were not evident, though left lateral injury produced mild acquisition and probe trial deficits compared to sham controls. Additionally, left and right injury produced similar neurological motor task deficits, impaired righting times, and lesion volumes. Injury to either hemisphere also produced robust ipsilateral, and modest contralateral, morphological changes in reactive microglia and astrocytes. In conclusion, left and right lateral TBI impaired MWM performance, with mild fixed platform acquisition rate differences, despite similar motor deficits, histological damage, and glial cell reactivity. Thus, while both left and right lateral TBI produce cognitive deficits, laterality in mouse MWM learning and memory merits consideration in the investigation of TBI-induced cognitive consequences.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of left and right lateral fluid percussion injury in C57BL6/J mice: In vivo functional consequences

Schurman

Smith

Morales

et al. 2017

Neuroscience Letters

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“…The reduction observed in ChAT activity in frontal cortex after lesioning NBM may account for the redistribution of ERO energy: increasing ERO energy in low frequencies (delta, theta and alpha bands) and decreasing ERO energy in high frequencies (such as gamma band). Although we did not measure ChAT activity in the amygdala other studies have shown that AMPA lesion into the MS/NBM induced up to 20% reduction compared to control (Waite et al, 1994), and the deficit of cholinergic projection from NBM could be involved in the decrease in ERO energy in gamma band in amygdala.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Cholinergic modulation of event-related oscillations (ERO)

Sanchez‐Alavez¹,

Robledo²,

Wills³

et al. 2014

Brain Research

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The cholinergic system in the brain modulates patterns of activity involved in general arousal, attention processing, memory and consciousness. In the present study we determined the effects of selective cholinergic lesions of the medial septum area (MS) or nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) on amplitude and phase characteristics of event related oscillations (EROs). A time–frequency based representation was used to determine ERO energy, phase synchronization across trials, recorded within a structure (phase lock index, PLI), and phase synchronization across trials, recorded between brain structures (phase difference lock index, PDLI), in the frontal cortex (Fctx), dorsal hippocampus (DHPC) and central amygdala (Amyg). Lesions in MS produced: (1) decreases in ERO energy in delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma frequencies in Amyg, (2) reductions in gamma ERO energy and PLI in Fctx, (3) decreases in PDLI between the Fctx–Amyg in the theta, alpha, beta and gamma frequencies, and (4) decreases in PDLI between the DHPC–Amyg and Fctx–DHPC in the theta frequency bands. Lesions in NBM resulted in: (1) increased ERO energy in delta and theta frequency bands in Fctx, (2) reduced gamma ERO energy in Fctx and Amyg, (3) reductions in PLI in the theta, beta and gamma frequency ranges in Fctx, (4) reductions in gamma PLI in DHPC and (5) reduced beta PLI in Amyg. These studies suggest that the MS cholinergic system can alter phase synchronization between brain areas whereas the NBM cholinergic system modifies phase synchronization/phase resetting within a brain area.

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“…Excitotoxic lesioning of the medial septum reproduces the memory impairments observed with aging in the rat (Leutgeb and Mizumori, 1999;Gallagher et al, 1993). In this setting, the best results are not obtained after an intense cholinergic injury to the medial septum (Waite et al, 1994), but by modifying the relative strengths of intrahippocampal inhibitory and excitatory connections (Leutgeb and Mizumori, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Thus, the acute microinjection of excitatory amino acids into the rat medial septum and the diagonal band of Broca (DBB) induces neurodegenerative effects related to the hippocampus. The behavioral deficits associated with cognitive processing (Leutgeb and Mizumori, 1999;Brandner, 1998) reflect a hippocampal reduction in cholinergic activity (Zapata et al, 2000), and of GABAergic and glutamatergic transmission (Rodríguez et al, 2005;Waite et al, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pattern of Injury with a Graded Excitotoxic Insult and Ensuing Chronic Medial Septal Damage in the Rat Brain

Rodrı́guez

Prats

Malpesa

et al. 2009

Journal of Neurotrauma

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Brain damage caused by an acute injury depends on the initial severity of the injury and the time elapsed after the injury. To determine whether these two variables activate common mechanisms, we compared the response of the rat medial septum to insult with a graded series of concentrations of a-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid (AMPA) with the time-course effects of a low dose of AMPA. For this purpose we conducted a dose-response study at concentrations of AMPA between 0.27 and 10.8 nmol to measure atrophy of the septal area, losses of cholinergic and GABAergic neurons, astroglial and microglial reactions, and calcification. Cholinergic neurons, whose loss paralleled the degree of septal atrophy produced by AMPA, are more sensitive than GABAergic neurons to the injury produced by AMPA. At doses of AMPA above 2.7 nmol, calcification and the degree of microglial reaction increased only in the GABAergic region of the septal area, whereas atrophy and neuronal loss reached a plateau. We chose the 2.7-nmol dose of AMPA to determine how these parameters were modified between 4 days and 6 months after injection. We found that atrophy and neuronal loss increased progressively through the 6-month study period, whereas astrogliosis ceased to be observed after 1 month, and calcium precipitates were never detected. We conclude that septal damage does not increase with the intensity of an excitotoxic insult. Rather, it progresses continuously after the insult. Because these two situations involve different mechanisms, short-term paradigms are inappropriate for interpreting the pathogenic mechanisms responsible for long-term neurodegenerative processes.

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Behavioral and Biochemical Consequences of Combined Lesions of the Medial Septum/Diagonal Band and Nucleus Basalis in the Rat When Ibotenic Acid, Quisqualic Acid, and AMPA Are Used

Cited by 29 publications

References 0 publications

Investigation of left and right lateral fluid percussion injury in C57BL6/J mice: In vivo functional consequences

Investigation of left and right lateral fluid percussion injury in C57BL6/J mice: In vivo functional consequences

Cholinergic modulation of event-related oscillations (ERO)

Pattern of Injury with a Graded Excitotoxic Insult and Ensuing Chronic Medial Septal Damage in the Rat Brain

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