Behavior of the equivalent slab thickness over three European stations

Mosert, M.; Magdaleno, Sergio; Burešová, Dalia; Altadill, D.; Gende, Mauricio; Gularte, E.; Scidá, L.A.

doi:10.1016/j.asr.2012.06.002

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Therefore, we preliminarily infer that the pre-sunrise peaks are related to the lowering of the O+-H+ transition heights at nighttime. Moreover, the post-midnight enhancement of τ can also be seen in winter in other regions, such as South Korea and Europe, which is consistent with our results [2,14,54,55]. Furthermore, this phenomenon is the most pronounced in winter as the O+-H+ transition height is the lowest in winter, while the nighttime ionospheric O+-H+ transition height in summer is much higher than that in winter, and the effect is weak in the summer nighttime.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Statistical Study of the Ionospheric Slab Thickness at Beijing Midlatitude Station

et al. 2023

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The ratio of the total electron content (TEC) to the F2-layer peak electron density (NmF2) is known as the ionospheric equivalent slab thickness (EST, also known as τ), and it is a crucial indicator of the ionosphere. Using TEC and NmF2 data from the years 2010 to 2017, this work conducts a comprehensive statistical analysis of the ionospheric slab thickness in Beijing, which is in the midlatitude of East Asia. The outcomes show that the τ have different diurnal variations at different seasons for high/low-solar-activity years. On the whole, daytime τ significantly greater than nighttime τ in summer, and it is the opposite for the τ in winter regardless of the solar cycle, whereas the τ during equinox shows different morphology for high/low-solar-activity years. Specifically, daytime τ is larger than nighttime τ during equinox in years of high-solar activity, while the opposite situation applies for the τ during equinox in years of low-solar activity. Moreover, the pre-sunrise and post-sunset peaks are most pronounced during winter for low-solar-activity years. In summer, there is a great increase in τ during the morning hours when compared with other seasons. Furthermore, the τ decreases with the solar activity during nighttime, whereas it seems there is no correlation between daytime τ and solar activity. This paper explained the primary diurnal variations in τ across different seasons during high-/low-solar-activity years by analyzing relative fluctuations of TEC and NmF2 throughout the corresponding period. In addition, based on the disturbance index (DI), which is calculated by instantaneous τ and its corresponding median, this paper found that the storm-time τ might increase when compared with its median value during the daytime, while it may both increase and decrease during the nighttime, especially around dawn and dusk hours. To further analyze the physical mechanism, an example on 2 October 2013 is also presented. The results indicate that the positive disturbance of τ during the main phase of a geomagnetic storm might be caused by the prompt penetration electric field and neutral wind during the storm, and the τ increases during the early recovery phase might be due to the disturbance dynamo electric field as well as the neutral wind during the storm. Moreover, there is a negative disturbance of τ in the recovery phase during the most disturbed sunrise hours, and it might be due to the electric field reversal, neutral wind or other factors during this period. This paper notes the differences of τ in midlatitude between different longitudinal sectors from the related climatology and storm-time behavior, as it would be helpful to improve the current understanding of τ at midlatitudes in East Asia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Statistical Study of the Ionospheric Slab Thickness at Beijing Midlatitude Station

et al. 2023

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“…Firstly, some articles contain incorrect or ill-founded results. For example, [38] shows the diurnal course of (med) for the three European stations, Ebre, El-Arenosillo, and Pruhonice, for three seasons of 2007 (winter, equinox, and summer), obtained by the LaPlata method [41]. Presence of dawn maximum is supported by the data of all global maps and weak dawn maximum is displayed even in a diurnal course of (IRI), but the curves of [38] showed the opposite changes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…This parameter is determined by TEC and NmF2. A lot of papers were devoted to (med) behavior using ionosonde/GPS or even COSMIC radio occultation data (e.g., [30,31,[36][37][38][39][40]). Results concern diurnal, seasonal variations and solar and latitudinal dependences.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Obtaining Ionospheric Conditions according to Data of Navigation Satellites

Maltseva

Mozhaeva

2015

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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Defining ionospheric conditions, the deviation of the observational value of the total electron content TEC(obs), measured by means of navigation satellites, from a median is a bench mark. According to more than 40 ionospheric stations during April 2014 it is shown that synchronism of change of deviations of TEC and critical frequency foF2 of the ionosphere is kept under quiet and moderate disturbed conditions. This fact allows to use a median of the equivalent slab thicknessτ(med) as a reliable calibration factor to calculate foF2 from TEC(obs). The efficiency coefficient of joint use ofτ(med) and TEC(obs) changes from 1.5 to 4 with average value 2.2 across the globe. The highest coefficient corresponds to middle latitudes, however the estimations obtained for high- and low-latitude areas indicate possibility to useτ(med) and TEC(obs) in these areas.

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“… τ is also a defining parameter in International Reference Ionosphere Extended to Plasmasphere (IRI‐Plas) model which is used to update F2 layer parameters using GPS‐TEC (Gulyaeva & Stanislawska, 2018; Gulyaeva et al, 2013; Zakharenkova et al, 2015). Typically, the trend variability of τ is obtained in an empirical and deterministic manner in midlatitude, and the dependence on solar activity and geomagnetic indices are examined extensively in various studies including but not limited to Belehaki et al (2003), Kouris et al (2004), Jayachandran et al (2004), Gulyaeva and Stanislawska (2005), Jin et al (2007), Stankov and Warnant (2009), Chuo et al (2010), Guo et al (2011), and Mosert et al (2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Methodology for Estimation of Hourly‐Monthly Stochastic Trend Characteristics of Midlatitude Ionosphere

Arıkan

Köroğlu

2020

Radio Science

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Spatiotemporal variability of ionosphere poses a major challenge in characterization of observable parameters, critical frequency of F2 layer (foF2), maximum ionization height (hmF2), total electron content (TEC), and slab thickness. The nature of the multiscale space-time variability of ionosphere can be modeled as a random field. In this study, as a first step in random field modeling of the trend, hourly-monthly parametric probability density functions (PPDF) of foF2, hmF2, slab thickness, and TEC are obtained using IONOLAB-PDF method for three midlatitude stations (namely, Juliusruh, Pruhonice, and Rome) for low, moderate, and high solar activity years of 2009, 2012, and 2014, respectively. foF2 and hmF2 are obtained from ionosondes. TEC is estimated from dual-frequency Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers. It is observed that hourly-monthly PPDFs of all ionospheric parameters at the three midlatitude stations can best be represented by lognormal and Weibull distributions. The estimates of mean and standard deviations of hourly-monthly PPDFs indicate that the spatiotemporal stochastic trend variation of the midlatitude ionosphere differs in terms of foF2 and GPS-TEC. The hourly-monthly PPDF of foF2 represents all major anomalies as well as seasonal and hourly trends, whereas those of GPS-TEC is highly dependent on solar activity level and latitude. The general statistical trend of hmF2 is anticorrelated with foF2 as expected. The mean of hourly-monthly PPDF of slab thickness is around 400 km in 2012 and 2014 for all stations between 0200 UT and 1600 UT.

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Behavior of the equivalent slab thickness over three European stations

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Statistical Study of the Ionospheric Slab Thickness at Beijing Midlatitude Station

Statistical Study of the Ionospheric Slab Thickness at Beijing Midlatitude Station

Obtaining Ionospheric Conditions according to Data of Navigation Satellites

A Methodology for Estimation of Hourly‐Monthly Stochastic Trend Characteristics of Midlatitude Ionosphere

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