Behavior of Resident Fish Relative to Total Dissolved Gas Supersaturation in the Lower Clark Fork River

Weitkamp, Don E.; Sullivan, Robert D.; Swant, Tim; DosSantos, Joe

doi:10.1577/t02-025

Cited by 29 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Research on the vertical avoidance of Prenant's Schizothoracin and related behavioral observations have been based on laboratory studies, and research on vertical avoidance to supersaturation in natural rivers has not yet been undertaken. A number of field investigations in the Columbia River basin have demonstrated there is a depth distribution of fish in natural rivers, which would provide substantially greater compensation relative to laboratory conditions (Beeman et al 2003;Weitkamp et al 2003;Johnson et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Supersaturation is a physical condition that is modified by hydrostatic pressure, and when the TDG concentration in water is constant, the saturation level will decrease with increasing water depth. The rate of decrease is approximately 10% saturation per meter of water depth (Weitkamp et al 2003;Weitkamp 2008). Therefore, the actual TDG supersaturation level is near 100% at the bottom of the tall tank (4 m) in each supersaturated TDG trial.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tolerance and Avoidance Characteristics of Prenant's Schizothoracin Schizothorax prenanti to Total Dissolved Gas Supersaturated Water

Wang

et al. 2015

N American J Fish Manag

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When water is allowed to spill over a hydroelectric dam, the intense aeration and pressure in the deep plunge‐pool produced by the high‐volume discharge generates water supersaturated with total dissolved gases (TDGs) in areas downstream from the dam, which can cause gas bubble disease (GBD) in fish and threaten their survival. Experiments were conducted to measure the acute lethality, intermittent exposure, horizontal avoidance, and vertical avoidance of Prenant's Schizothoracin Schizothorax prenanti related to TDG supersaturation. The fish were placed in different tanks containing TDG‐supersaturated water at a maximum water depth of 35 cm, and the resulting median lethal times (LT50) determined for the fish were 23.88, 9.66, 8.74, 8.03, 4.61, 3.48, and 2.81 h when the TDG supersaturation levels were 120, 125, 130, 135, 140, 145, and 150%, respectively. The LT50 values of the fish in continuous exposure conditions were not significantly different from the LT50 values of fish subjected to intermittent exposure (F = 2.72, df = 9,10, P = 0.07). In all of the avoidance experiments, Prenant's Schizothoracin exhibited varying degrees of horizontal escape from and strong vertical avoidance of TDG‐supersaturated water. These results provide important information that can be used in operational processes at hydropower stations in China and contribute fundamental data for the establishment of water‐related environmental standards for this and similar species. Received November 1, 2014; accepted May 8, 2015

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance and Avoidance Characteristics of Prenant's Schizothoracin Schizothorax prenanti to Total Dissolved Gas Supersaturated Water

Wang

et al. 2015

N American J Fish Manag

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“…Related research on vertical avoidance by the Rock Carp in natural rivers has not been reported. Many field investigations in the Columbia River basin have demonstrated the depth distribution of fish in natural river conditions, which enable substantially greater compensation relative to laboratory conditions (Beeman et al 2003;Weitkamp et al 2003;Johnson et al 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Avoidance of TDG-supersaturated water is exhibited by some species but not others (Blahm et al 1976). Seeking out deeper water allows fish to compensate for the TDG supersaturation (Weitkamp et al 2003;Weitkamp 2008;Johnson et al 2005).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tolerance and Avoidance Behavior towards Gas Supersaturation in Rock Carp Procypris rabaudi with a History of Previous Exposure

et al. 2015

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Total dissolved gas (TDG) supersaturation on the upper Yangtze River basin is becoming increasingly serious because of the intense construction of high dams, posing a threat to resident fish. The tolerance and behavior characteristics of Rock Carp Procypris rabaudi preexposed to TDG‐supersaturated water were evaluated by placing juveniles (weight 6.4 ± 1.67 g, fork length 7.2 ± 0.7 cm; mean ± SD) in 35‐cm‐deep tanks at 130% supersaturation for 2.33 h as preexposure. Surviving fish were allowed 5 d of recovery in saturated‐equilibrium (100% TDG) water and then examined in an acute lethality experiment at TDG supersaturation values of 120, 125, 130, 135, 140, and 145%. The resulting median lethal times were 10.4, 4.6, 3.2, 2.1, 1.4, and 1.4 h, respectively. The preexposed fish showed a poorer tolerance to TDG‐supersaturated water than did a control group that were not preexposed for TDG above 120% supersaturation (P < 0.05 in cases where there was a significant difference between individual groups). Experiments on horizontal behavior and vertical behavior used the same preexposure routine, followed by 5 d of recovery in saturated‐equilibrium water. For all behavior experiments, both the preexposed and control groups showed significant avoidance responses to TDG‐supersaturated water; however, there were no significant differences between the preexposed and control groups.

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“…In work conducted with resident fish behavior relative to TDG supersaturation in the Lower Clark Fork River in Idaho, Weitkamp et al (2003a) concluded that the fish behavior of the resident fish greatly influenced the degree of supersaturation the fish actually experience. In further work on the Lower Clark Fork River, Weitkamp et al (2003b) found that the occurrence and severity of GBT was greatly lower than expected for the TDG levels measured (120-150%).…”

Section: I-12mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fish Passage Center 2007 Annual Report.

DeHart

2008

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Behavior of Resident Fish Relative to Total Dissolved Gas Supersaturation in the Lower Clark Fork River

Cited by 29 publications

References 13 publications

Tolerance and Avoidance Characteristics of Prenant's Schizothoracin Schizothorax prenanti to Total Dissolved Gas Supersaturated Water

Tolerance and Avoidance Characteristics of Prenant's Schizothoracin Schizothorax prenanti to Total Dissolved Gas Supersaturated Water

Tolerance and Avoidance Behavior towards Gas Supersaturation in Rock Carp Procypris rabaudi with a History of Previous Exposure

Fish Passage Center 2007 Annual Report.

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