Behavior of photopolymer fiber structures in microgravity

Sarantinos, N.; Loginos, Panagiotis; Charlaftis, P.; Argyropoulos, A; Filinis, A.; Vrettos, Katerina; Adamos, Lucas; Kostopoulos, V.

doi:10.1007/s42452-019-1632-8

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…A woven glass fiber specimen was cured with acrylic-based resin with UV polymer in zero gravity of Novespace's Zero-G aircraft laboratory. These specimens have 2.5% porosity, whereas the same specimens consolidated in the same condition on Earth have 12% porosity [38]. These specimens have also shown higher failure stress, stiffness and higher failure strain.…”

Section: High Proximity To the Earthmentioning

confidence: 94%

Material Characterization Required for Designing Satellites from Fiber-Reinforced Polymers

Esha,

Hausmann

2023

J. Compos. Sci.

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This review paper discusses the effect of polymers, especially thermoplastics, in environments with low earth orbits. Space weather in terms of low earth orbits has been characterized into seven main elements, namely microgravity, residual atmosphere, high vacuum, atomic oxygen, ultraviolet and ionization radiation, solar radiation, and space debris. Each element is discussed extensively. Its effect on polymers and composite materials has also been studied. Quantification of these effects can be evaluated by understanding the mechanisms of material degradation caused by each environmental factor along with its synergetic effect. Hence, the design elements to mitigate the material degradation can be identified. Finally, a cause-and-effect diagram (Ishikawa diagram) is designed to characterize the important design elements required to investigate while choosing a material for a satellite’s structure. This will help the designers to develop experimental methodologies to test the composite material for its suitability against the space environment. Some available testing facilities will be discussed. Some potential polymers will also be suggested for further evaluation.

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Section: High Proximity To the Earthmentioning

confidence: 94%

Material Characterization Required for Designing Satellites from Fiber-Reinforced Polymers

Esha,

Hausmann

2023

J. Compos. Sci.

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“…Microgravity experiments with photopolymer fiber structures have been performed with the FOCUS experiment during a REXUS rocket launch and during the FlyYourThesis! 2017 campaign by students from the University of Patras (Reiss et al, 2011;Sarantinos et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Robotic Extrusion of Photopolymers (DREPP): Influence of microgravity on an in-space manufacturing method

Kringer

Böhrer

Frey

et al. 2022

Front. Space Technol.

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A method using Direct Robotic Extrusion of Photopolymers (DREPP) to manufacture structures in space in a cost- and power-efficient way is presented in this article. The DREPP technology has the potential to outperform conventional deployable structures, which generally suffer from severe limitations: long and high-cost development phases, dimensioning driven by launch loads instead of operational loads, mechanical complexity as well as constraints to the maximum structure size due to volume limitations on the spacecraft. In-Space Manufacturing (ISM) and especially AM offer a solution to circumvent these limitations. Fundamental investigations on AM in space have already been carried out on the International Space Station (ISS). Numerous test prints have shown that Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) provide satisfactory results under microgravity and controlled environmental conditions. With the investigated manufacturing process, a photoreactive resin is robotically extruded through a nozzle and directly cured by UV-light. Unlike most conventional Additive Manufacturing (AM) methods, which manufacture layer-by-layer, the DREPP technology is able to create three-dimensional structural elements in one continuous movement. To investigate the feasibility under microgravity conditions, multiple experiments were performed on parabolic flights, where it was shown that different geometries can be successfully manufactured under microgravity conditions. When examining the printing process at zero-gravity and under 1 g conditions, differences in the printing behaviour can be observed, which are investigated in detail. In addition, the evaluation shows that a large curing zone – the transition area between the liquid and cured state of the extruded resin – is easier to handle in zero-gravity than under 1 g conditions. This contributes to an increased overall process stability and enables new ways for controlling the process. This article provides details on the ground, zero and altered gravity testing, process quality evaluation and gives an outlook on future investigations of the DREPP approach and preparations for experiments in microgravity and vacuum on a sounding rocket.

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“…Photopolymerization is a widely applied technique in coatings, inks, adhesives, biomaterials and, more importantly, has contributed remarkably in the rapid development of 3D printing imaging technology [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. In the last few decades, the biomaterials and additive manufacturing (AM) industries have developed products with desirable properties and complex geometries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the last few decades, the biomaterials and additive manufacturing (AM) industries have developed products with desirable properties and complex geometries. The main advantages of photopolymerization are a fast-adjustable curing process, and its eco-friendly nature, since it can be completed in the absence of solvents [ 6 ]. AM is a rapidly developing field and using conventional polymers provides excellent prototypes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermomechanical Properties of Carbon Nanocomposites PEGDA Photopolymers

et al. 2022

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In this work, UV-curable resin poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) was reinforced with three different types of nanofillers: pristine graphene (G), multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs), and a hybrid of MWNTs and graphene 70/30 in mass ratio (Hyb). PEGDA was mixed homogenously with the nanofiller oligomer by shear mixing and then photopolymerized, affording thin, stable films. The thermomechanical properties of the afforded nanocomposites indicated the superior reinforcing ability of pristine graphene compared with MWNTs and an intermediate behavior of the hybrid.

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Behavior of photopolymer fiber structures in microgravity

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

Material Characterization Required for Designing Satellites from Fiber-Reinforced Polymers

Material Characterization Required for Designing Satellites from Fiber-Reinforced Polymers

Direct Robotic Extrusion of Photopolymers (DREPP): Influence of microgravity on an in-space manufacturing method

Thermomechanical Properties of Carbon Nanocomposites PEGDA Photopolymers

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