Behavior of ¹³⁷Cs Activity in the Sayung Waters, Demak, Indonesia

Abstract

The behavior of anthropogenic radionuclide 137 Cs in the water and sediment has been examined with regard to particle size, organic sediment, and other physical conditions in the Sayung estuarine waters of Demak. Previously, this estuary was used as shrimp culture brackish water ponds that were affected by serious erosion and intrusion. Furthermore, this regency rapidly industrialized over the last three decades. The activities of 137 Cs in the six stations in water and sediment were in the 0.0116-0.4509 mBq/L and 0.3747-1.2442 Bq/kg ranges with mean activities of 0.2278 mBq/L and 0.8594 Bq/kg, respectively, depending on the prevailing physicochemical regime at the sampling station. The highest activities of aqueous 137 Cs occurred in station 2 but the highest in sediment occurred in station 6 located closed to the main land of Sayung. Fast current effectively diluted 137 Cs as a conservative radionuclide in seawater, thus the activity of 137 Cs in seawater decreased when the current speed increased. This effect was caused in part by industrial pollutants that adsorbed 137 Cs and precipitated onto the surface sediment. Organic matters and clay materials in sediment were not significantly effective at binding 137 Cs in Sayung waters in the industrial coastal area, but the correlation increased in open areas separated by a breakwater (second group stations) and the location further from the beach or in open sea. This indicates that industrial pollutants are more effective at binding 137 Cs than organic matters and clay materials. Fine grain size sediment is also more ineffective at binding 137 Cs; it may be caused by the sediment's high total organic matter content.

Polonium content in some economically important fish in Semarang and Cirebon, Indonesia

“…The presence of radionuclides, such as 210 Po, in marine waters that have the potential to become bioaccumulated is found both in the water and the bottom of the sediment. According to Muslim et al (2017), the concentration of radionuclides in bottom sediments is higher and more stable than in waters that are use to changes due to diffusion and advection.…”

Studi Koefisien Distribusi 137Cs di Perairan Muara Cisadane, Teluk Jakarta

“…Menurut Siahaan et al, (2011), tingkat pencemaran di sungai Cisadane dari tahun ke tahun semakin meningkat, dimana bagian hulu sungai ini telah tercemar ringan sementara di bagian hilirnya tercemar berat, kondisi tersebut dapat mengikat 137 Cs. Hal ini sesuai dengan pendapat Muslim et al, (2017) bahwa peningkatan 137 Cs di daerah pencemaran limbah kemungkinan disebabkan oleh beberapa ion yang terkandung dalam limbah pencemaran yang mengikat 137 Cs. Berdasarkan hal tersebut perlu dilakukanya penelitian untuk mengetahui konsentrasi koefisien distribusi (Kd) radionuklida antropogenik 137 Cs yang letaknya di perairan muara Cisadane, Teluk Jakarta yang kondisi perairannya spesifik.…”

Aktivitas Cesium (137Cs) Di Perairan Hutan Mangrove Karangsong, Kabupaten Indramayu

“…Sedimen di hutan mangrove sangat potensial mengikat pencemar buatan (anthropogenic pollution), karena tinggi kandungan total karbon organiknya (Bouillon et al, 2008;Ding et al, 2009;Li et al, 2016dan Marchand et al, 2016. Bahkan Muslim et al, (2015;2017a) telah mendapatkan bahwa tingkat aktivitas 137 Cs di perairan disamping dipengaruhi oleh kekuatan arus juga dipengaruhi oleh kandungan bahan organik, dan tingkat pencemaran. Menurut Muslim et al, (2017b)…”