Behavior of GFRP bridge deck panels infilled with polyurethane foam under various environmental exposure

Tuwair, Hesham; Volz, Jeffery S.; ElGawady, Mohamed A.; Mohamed, M.; Chandrashekhara, K.; Birman, Victor

doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2015.10.008

Cited by 25 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Many factors, such as temperature, irradiation, moisture, chemicals, and presence of an active physical stress, can significantly affect the durability of the polymeric material. 8,9 Increased temperature also causes considerable reductions in the shear modulus of GFRP composite, following a variation trend that is in general agreement with the corresponding DMA results, namely of the storage modulus. 10 Parallel identification of glass FRP bridge deck panel by differential thermal analysis, spectroscopy analysis, scanning and optical microscope monitoring, DMA and DSC analysis, tensile and flexural tests were presented in Zhu's and Lopez's work.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…In spite of these disadvantageous conditions, the expected life time of the structure is minimum 100 years. The general view of the footbridge and its longitudinal section with the most important dimensions are shown in Figure 1 Specimens cut from commercial GFRP pultruded profiles, currently being used for infrastructure applications, were submitted to mainly four different exposure environments, in many researchers' investigations [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] for example: (1) immersion in water at 20 C, (2) condensation of water at 60 C, (3) artificial accelerated weathering in a QUV equipment, and (4) artificial accelerated weathering in a Xenon-arc equipment. After submitting the material to those aggressive environments, the behavior was analyzed, the tensile and flexural behaviors were studied, the chromatic and gloss variations were measured and the chemical changes were investigated by means of IR spectroscopy, in previous literature.…”

Section: Experimental Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synergistic effect on the degradation rate of pultruded glass fiber-reinforced polymer bridge panel after 20 years of exploitation

Stankiewicz

Mossety‐Leszczak

Byczyński

et al. 2017

Journal of Composite Materials

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Glass fiber-reinforced polymer pultruded profiles have great potential in the construction industry, presenting certain advantages when compared with traditional materials, including the potentially improved durability under fluctuating levels of environmental factors. The paper presents analysis of glass fiber-reinforced polymer composite, acquired from cable-stayed Fiberline Bridge exploited for 20 years in the fjord area of Kolding, Denmark. Fragment of composite material used for Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic mechanical analysis tests was therefore subjected to natural aging as a result of temperature amplitudes, permanent solar radiation as well as aggressive impact of sea salt contained in the moisture in the air around the coastal area. Complex comparative analysis presented in this paper, and based on Fourier transform infrared, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic mechanical analysis tests, pertained to both unspool composite glass fiber-reinforced polymer material (composite 1) and the one after 20 years of natural aging (composite 2). Dynamic mechanical analysis was allowed to detect thermal effects based on the changes in the modulus or damping behavior. The differential scanning calorimetry experiments were performed on the glass fiber-reinforced polymer material in order to determine the mass variation and the energy changes suffered by the materials, as a function of temperature and time.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Experimental Programmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effect on the degradation rate of pultruded glass fiber-reinforced polymer bridge panel after 20 years of exploitation

Stankiewicz

Mossety‐Leszczak

Byczyński

et al. 2017

Journal of Composite Materials

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“…Researchers in past years have mainly focused on flexural behavior, buckling and stress concentration in these bridge decks panels. Tuwair et al studied the influence of different environmental factors on such PU core‐based deck panels. Sandwich panels were exposed to thermal cycling, ultraviolet radiation and deicing solution prior to flexural testing.…”

Section: Puf Core Sandwich Structuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on recent advances in sandwich structures based on polyurethane foam cores

et al. 2020

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Sandwich composites with a polyurethane foam (PUF) core have become a versatile set of materials with applications ranging from basic construction elements to advanced engineering materials. This diverse range of applications has provided these sandwich materials with a distinctive position in today's engineering world. This review focuses on the broad research that has been carried out on PUF core‐based sandwich composites over the years—especially in the last decade. Thorough details have been presented focusing on basic PUF core sandwich structures, advanced PUF core sandwich composites with different kinds of reinforcements and complex structures such as hybrid sandwich panels. All the research presented here has been categorized carefully, such as the types of materials used in various studies, the types of reinforcements and testing techniques used, including mechanical, electrical, dynamic, thermal and acoustic methods etc. Comparisons have also been made based on similar materials, similar testing procedures and similar application areas. Research areas have been highlighted by giving a deep insight into the most promising research, manufacturing techniques and improvement procedures. Major consumption areas and application sectors for PUF core sandwich composites have also been discussed in this review. Finally, conclusions have been made based on the results found from a literature investigation.

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“…Foam-filled composites produced in batches for structural applications in the building sector present a higher variability in material properties than those manufactured in bulk and under tightly controlled curing conditions for applications such as shipping and aerospace. 34,35 Therefore, the temperature could produce a post-curing effect on the PU, leading to a higher homogeneity between specimens. The post-curing would increase the number of links in the polymer matrix, which is consistent with the slight increase in toughness observed ( Figure 5C), as more energy is required to fracture a larger number of links.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main effect of the temperature loads is a homogenization of the behaviour between specimens, reducing the standard deviation of the measured strength values while maintaining the average values similar to the unaged control series. Foam‐filled composites produced in batches for structural applications in the building sector present a higher variability in material properties than those manufactured in bulk and under tightly controlled curing conditions for applications such as shipping and aerospace 34,35 . Therefore, the temperature could produce a post‐curing effect on the PU, leading to a higher homogeneity between specimens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of thermal and mechanical cyclic loads on polyurethane pre‐insulated pipes

Doyle

Weidlich

2020

Fatigue Fract Eng Mat Struct

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District heating (DH) pre-insulated pipes are a sandwich assembly composed by a steel heat service pipe, polyurethane (PU) foam and polyethylene casing. The foam acts as bond between the steel pipe and casing. The application has high constraints for the foam, as it is subjected to cyclic multiaxial stresses, high cyclic temperatures and long expected service life. In this study, we evaluate if and how cyclic loads affect the shear strength, shear modulus, toughness and failure behaviour of the PU foam in DH pipes sandwich assembly compared with unaged reference samples. We have found that the simultaneous application of mechanical and thermal loads weakens the strength and increases the stiffness of the foam and that this change is not caused by degradation of the molecular structure. Crack initiation and propagation along the pipe samples follow a very consistent pattern between samples, with cracks initiating in Mode II and propagating in Mode I. The consistent axial displacement of approximately 2 cm from each other suggests the formation of strain localizations.

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Behavior of GFRP bridge deck panels infilled with polyurethane foam under various environmental exposure

Cited by 25 publications

References 10 publications

Synergistic effect on the degradation rate of pultruded glass fiber-reinforced polymer bridge panel after 20 years of exploitation

Synergistic effect on the degradation rate of pultruded glass fiber-reinforced polymer bridge panel after 20 years of exploitation

A review on recent advances in sandwich structures based on polyurethane foam cores

Effects of thermal and mechanical cyclic loads on polyurethane pre‐insulated pipes

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