Behavior of fluxed lime iron oxide pellets in hot metal bath during melting and refining

Pal, Jagannath; Ghorai, Soumitra; Goswami, M C; Ghosh, Dibyendu; Bandyopadhyay, Debkumar; Ghosh, Sudipta

doi:10.1007/s12613-013-0731-6

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In earlier days, lime was charged in the form of lump as limestone (CaCO3). Lump form consumed a lot of heat energy from the liquid metal during its dissociation, which resulted to decrease the temperature of bath [15,18]. To overcome this problem, charging as burnt lime in the form of powder/lump has been started [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lime could not be used directly in the pure form due to its high melting point ~2973K (2700°C). Addition of iron ore with lime is done to reduce the melting point of pure lime up to 1503K (1230°C) [18]. Steelmaking process involves the oxidation of impurity elements therefore the activity of oxygen in the metal and activity of FeO in the slag are major factors which controls these oxidation reactions; hence, in process metallurgy elucidation of the governing parameters is essential [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of partially reduced highly fluxed DRI pellets on impurities removal during steelmaking using a laboratory scale EAF

Dishwar

Sinha

2022

J min metall B Metall

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The present work represents a comparative study on the impurities removal from pig iron melt by addition of partially reduced highly fluxed direct reduced iron (DRI) to make steel in a 2 kg capacity electric arc furnace (EAF). Three types of fluxed DRI (30, 50, 80% Reduction (%R) with similar basicity-8) were used to maintain different level of oxidizing potential on the bath for studying the kinetic behaviour of impurities removal from melt. Results showed that the rate of removal of impurities (i.e. C, Si, Mn, P, S etc.) was increased initially up to 5 minutes of reaction time then decreased afterwards. Phosphorus (~64%), sulfur (~16%) and carbon (~94%) were removed simultaneously up to 25 minutes of reaction time using 30%R fluxed DRI. Similarly, phosphorus (~33%), sulfur (~50%) and carbon (~62%) were removed simultaneously using 50%R fluxed DRI while highly reduced (80%R) flux DRI removed sulfur (~58%), carbon (~56%) with a small fraction of phosphorus (~18%) from pig iron. It was observed in all the cases that silicon (>99%) and manganese (>80%) were removed. From the present study, it can be concluded that ~30%R DRI is favorable for effective phosphorus removal whereas ~80%R is favorable for sulfur removal. The significant removal of impurities could be achieved by charging ~50%R fluxed DRI in the pig iron melt.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of partially reduced highly fluxed DRI pellets on impurities removal during steelmaking using a laboratory scale EAF

Dishwar

Sinha

2022

J min metall B Metall

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“…BF primary slag is composed of iron oxide FeO and gangue (mainly SiO 2 and Al 2 O 3 ) in the ore, in addition to artificially added MgO, CaO, and other ingredients. The content of FeO can reach up to 20-30% [11][12][13][14]. At the cohesive zone, the BF primary slag produces wetting phenomena with substrate refractory materials, and also erodes the refractory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Erosion Behavior of FeO-CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 Blast Furnace Primary Slag on Al2O3 Substrate

et al. 2021

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Al2O3 substrate is widely used as a lining refractory material throughout the blast furnace (BF) process. Accordingly, the erosion of Al2O3 refractory by molten slag has a negative influence on the running cost and smooth operation of BFs. The effect of the erosion behavior of BF primary slag containing FeO-CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 on Al2O3 substrate refractory was fundamentally investigated using the high-temperature contact angle method and FactSage thermodynamic software based on the composition of BF primary slag in a typical iron and steel enterprise of China. The results showed that the primary slag mentioned above was easily wetted with Al2O3 substrate, and the observed contact angles were 24.5° and 22.0°, when the FeO mass fraction (w(FeO)) was maintained at 10% and 15% of the primary slag, respectively. Moreover, the starting melting temperature of the primary slag with high FeO content, of 1263 °C, was lower. The erosion thickness between the slag and Al2O3 substrate increased from 19.23 to 23.17 μm as the added w(FeO) increased from 10% to 15%. In addition, it was observed via SEM-EDS analysis that the interface layer was formed, and high-melting-point compounds were generated during the wetting process. This was attributed to the interaction between the molten slag and Al2O3 existing in the substrate, which may have inhibited the continuous dissolution of the Al2O3 in the substrate into slag. Good surface wettability and the dissolution of the Al2O3 substrate refractory into the primary slag of the BF are two dominant factors leading to the erosion of the refractory.

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“…According to statistics, each ton of steel produced with converter steelmaking is accompanied by approximately 15-20 kg of precipitator dust [10][11][12]. The main components in converter precipitator dust are Fe, Ca, Mg, Zn, and other element oxides, and the average Fe oxide content is above 70% [13][14][15][16]. The particle size of most converter precipitator dust is approximately 50 µm, and the specific surface area can reach 4.336 m 2 /g [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sustainable utilization of a converter slagging agent prepared by converter precipitator dust and oxide scale

Liu

Zhang

Sun

et al. 2020

Green Processing and Synthesis

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A converter slagging agent was prepared using converter precipitator dust and oxide scale as raw materials and bentonite, calcium oxide, and soluble glass as binders. The influence of different binders on the strength of the converter slagging agent was studied. The optimum ratio of bentonite, calcium oxide, and sodium silicate was determined by orthogonal experiments. The chemical composition, strength, moisture content, alkalinity, and other indicators of the prepared converter slagging agent met the requirements for converter smelting. The drop intensity of the green pellet was 3.7 times, and the compressive strength of the dry pellet could reach 988.72 N/m2. Therefore, the sustainable utilization of converter precipitator dust and oxide scale could be realized by the preparation of a converter slagging agent.

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Behavior of fluxed lime iron oxide pellets in hot metal bath during melting and refining

Cited by 12 publications

References 7 publications

Effect of partially reduced highly fluxed DRI pellets on impurities removal during steelmaking using a laboratory scale EAF

Effect of partially reduced highly fluxed DRI pellets on impurities removal during steelmaking using a laboratory scale EAF

Effect of Erosion Behavior of FeO-CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3 Blast Furnace Primary Slag on Al2O3 Substrate

Sustainable utilization of a converter slagging agent prepared by converter precipitator dust and oxide scale

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