Behavior and orofacial characteristics of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder during a dental visit

Atmetlla, Gabriela; Burgos, Verónica; Carrillo, Ángela María Polanco; Chaskel, Roberto

doi:10.17796/jcpd.30.3.g66h2750h11242p6

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The published literature has also suggested a higher prevalence of traumatic injuries in children with ADHD, possibly because of the nature of their functional impairments which may affect motor coordination problems (36) and peer relationships (37), and increase the risk of physical abuse (38). Studies have reported trauma prevalence ranging from 2% to 42% in 1-to 19-yr-old children with ADHD, but few studies have reported statistically significant differences from children without ADHD (17,18,(39)(40)(41). Although the numbers in the present study were too low for valid inference, falls and collisions were the most frequently reported cause of trauma, followed by sports-related incidences, which is similar to existing studies (42).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

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Oral health of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Chau

Lai

McGrath

et al. 2016

European J Oral Sciences

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This study assessed and compared oral health and oral-health behaviours among children with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The study included 31 children, 12-18 yr of age, with ADHD and 31 age- and gender-matched children without ADHD. Clinical data were recorded by a trained and calibrated examiner for caries, traumatic dental injuries, periodontal health, tooth wear, and salivary function. A questionnaire was also given to parents or caregivers about the oral health habits and behaviours of these children. Data were compared using Mann-Whitney U-tests and chi-square tests. No significant differences were found between children, with or without ADHD, in caries extent or prevalence, dental trauma prevalence, prevalence of periodontal disease or plaque, tooth wear, or unstimulated salivary flow. Children with ADHD had a significantly higher percentage of sites with gingival bleeding, as well as a higher frequency of parent-reported dislike of dentists, bruxism, history of assisted toothbrushing, and toothbrushing duration <1 min. They also had higher attendance at government dental clinics. The findings indicate that children with ADHD have poorer oral hygiene and more adverse oral-health attitudes and behaviours than do children without ADHD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Bruxism has also frequently been associated with ADHD , although only a few studies have reported on clinical attrition wear. The present study found a significantly higher number of parental‐reported tooth‐grinding habits among children with ADHD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral health of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Chau

Lai

McGrath

et al. 2016

European J Oral Sciences

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“…Hence, high levels of STS expression in the thalamus, basal ganglia and cerebellar neuroepithelium (which gives rise to GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons of the cerebellum; Hoshino et al 2005) were of particular interest, given prior data suggesting aberrant development of these regions in both ADHD (Dickstein et al 2006;Perlov et al 2009;Silk et al 2009;Valera et al 2007) and schizophrenia (Ellison-Wright & Bullmore 2010;Maloku et al 2010). Similarly, altered STS function in the hypothalamus/pituitary gland, olfactory epithelium and tongue could feasibly play a role in the altered hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responsivity (van West et al 2009), odor detection abnormalities (Karsz et al 2008;Romanos et al 2008) and tongue characteristics (Atmetlla et al 2006) previously described in ADHD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroid sulfatase is a potential modifier of cognition in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Stergiakouli

Langley

Williams

et al. 2011

Genes, Brain and Behavior

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Deletions encompassing the X-linked STS gene (encoding steroid sulfatase) have been observed in subjects with neurodevelopmental disorders, including attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Recently, two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within STS (rs12861247 and rs17268988) have been reported to be associated with ADHD risk and inattentive symptoms in ADHD, respectively. Using a UK sample of ADHD subjects (aged 5–18 years), we tested the hypothesis that rs12861247 is associated with ADHD risk using a case–control approach (comparing 327 ADHD cases with 358 male controls from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium). Using a subset of males from the ADHD sample, we also examined whether variation within STS is associated with symptomatology/cognitive function in ADHD. We then tested whether SNPs associated with cognitive function in ADHD were also associated with cognitive function in healthy male subjects using a German sample (n = 143, aged 18–30 years), and whether STS was expressed in brain regions pertinent to ADHD pathology during development. We did not replicate the previously identified association with rs12861247. However, in ADHD males, variation at rs17268988 was associated with inattentive symptoms, while variation within STS was significantly associated with performance on three cognitive measures. Three SNPs associated with cognitive function in ADHD males were not associated with cognitive function in healthy males. STS was highly expressed in the developing cerebellar neuroepithelium, basal ganglia, thalamus, pituitary gland, hypothalamus and choroid plexus. These data suggest that genetic variants affecting STS expression and/or activity could influence the function of brain regions perturbed in ADHD.

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“…DEHB'li çocukların sağlıklı çocuklarla karşılaştırıldığı bir çalışmada tırnak yeme ve bruksizm gibi kötü oral alışkanlıkların DEHB grubunda daha yaygın olduğu bildirilmiştir (71). DEHB'li çocuklarda bruksizmin, stimülan ilaçların yan etkisi olarak da ortaya çıkabileceği unutulmamalıdır (29,72).…”

Section: Dikkat Eksikliği Ve Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu Ve Parafonksiyonunclassified

Oral and Dental Health Problems of Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders, and Solution Proposals

Yetiş¹,

Kırzıoğlu²

2017

jpr

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GirişDikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB), Amerikan Psikiyatri Derneği tarafından; çocukluk çağında, yaşa uygun olmayan seviyede dikkatsizlik, hiperaktivitedürtüsellik veya bunların kombinasyonu şeklinde kendini gösteren psikiyatrik bir bozukluk olarak tanımlanmaktadır (1).Çocuk ve ergenlerin yaklaşık %5-10'unu etkileyen, en yaygın görülen çocukluk çağı-başlangıçlı davranış bozukluğu (2) olan DEHB'nin, ülkemizde ve dünyada çocuk ve ergen psikiyatrisi polikliniklerine başvuran hastalarda en sık konulan tanılar arasında yer aldığı bildirilmektedir (3-5). Erkeklerde kızlara göre 8 kat daha fazla görülmekte olup (6), erkeklerde 6-9 yaş aralığında, kızlarda ise ergenlik döneminde prevalansının en yüksek seviyeye ulaştığı bildirilmiştir (7). ÖzABS TRACT Dikkat eksikliği ve hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB), yaşa uygun olmayan seviyede dikkatsizlik, hiperaktivite-dürtüsellik veya bunların kombinasyonu şeklinde kendini gösteren en yaygın görülen çocukluk çağı-başlangıçlı davranış bozukluğudur. DEHB etiyolojisinde genetik ve çevresel faktörlerin rolü bulunmaktadır. Hastalığın kendisinden kaynaklı davranışsal problemler ve ilaç yan etkileri nedeniyle eklenen sorunlar, DEHB'li çocukların ağız ve diş sağlığı açısından risk grubunda yer almasına ve çocuk diş hekimliğinde özel ilgi gereksinimi olan hasta grubuna dahil olmalarına neden olmaktadır. Tedavisinde kullanılan ilaçların ağız kuruluğuna neden olabildiği belirtilmiştir. DEHB olan çocukların düşük oral hijyen alışkanlıkları ve yüksek diş çürüğü prevalansına sahip oldukları bildirilmiştir. Ayrıca bruksizm gibi parafonksiyonel alışkanlıklar ve dental travmalar da bu çocuklarda daha sık gözlenmektedir. Bu derlemede DEHB görülen çocuklarda ağız diş sağlığı ve davranış yönlendirme sorunlarından bahsedilmekte ve çözüm önerilerinde bulunulmaktadır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Dikkat eksikliği, hiperaktivite, diş sağlığı Attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common childhood onset behavioral disorder characterized by a developmentally inappropriate attention deficit, hyperactivity-impulsivity or a combination of these. Genetic and environmental factors play a role in the etiology. Because of the behavioral problems sourced from the disease itself and side effects of the drugs used in therapy, children with ADHD take place in the risk group in terms of oral and dental health problems and they are included in the group of patients who need special attention in pediatric dentistry. Drugs used in the treatment are known to cause dry mouth. Children with ADHD have been reported to have low oral hygiene habits and a high prevalence of dental caries. Also, parafunctional habits such as bruxism and dental trauma are observed more frequently in these children. In this review, oral health and behavior management problems in children with ADHD are pointed out, and solutions are suggested.

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Behavior and orofacial characteristics of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder during a dental visit

Cited by 25 publications

References 7 publications

Oral health of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Oral health of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Steroid sulfatase is a potential modifier of cognition in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Oral and Dental Health Problems of Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders, and Solution Proposals

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