“…PhD students' emotional experience studies have explored a set of emotions, particularly the negative emotions, such as anxiety, frustration, and anguish (e.g., Aitchison et al, 2012;Cotterall, 2013;Russell-Pinson and Harris, 2019;Geng and Yu, 2022). Casanave (2014) pointed out that emotion was a part of PhD students' dissertation journey. Emotions provided motivational energy for students to persist until graduation (McCormack, 2009).…”