BEEPOP: A honeybee population dynamics simulation model

DeGrandi-Hoffman, Gloria; Roth, Stephan; Loper, G. L.; Erickson, E. H.

doi:10.1016/0304-3800(89)90088-4

Cited by 64 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…These are extracted from the whole lipid assemblage of the dark colored beeswax. The decrease in cell size causes the bees to lay their eggs in lighter colored cells, and thus the darkened areas in the hive enlarge with time (McLellan, 1978;DeGrandi-Hoffman, 1989). In the old comb ENAs are found all over the hive in increasing amounts.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkane composition variations between darker and lighter colored comb beeswax

et al. 2007

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-Beeswax is composed of fatty acids, odd numbered n-alkanes and wax esters. Focusing on the most stable components of beeswax, namely the n-alkanes, we have found by gas chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses of combs from twelve colonies from Israel and Jordan that as beeswax ages and darkens its n-alkane composition changes. The amount of even numbered n-alkanes (C 22 -C 32 ) is significantly higher in darker colored beeswax as compared to light colored beeswax. We attribute this in part to the accumulation of cuticular residues found in the darker colored comb cells. Cuticular residues are known to contain C 23 -C 32 odd and even numbered n-alkanes.beeswax / color / n-alkane / cuticle / GC-MS

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkane composition variations between darker and lighter colored comb beeswax

et al. 2007

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“…However, the managed honeybee stocks have been declining worldwide in the last several decades, due to multiple factors, such as disease (Watanabe, 1994), parasites, pesticide use, socio-economic factors (van Engelsdorp and Meixner, 2010), making the contribution of wild pollinators to crop production a research and conservation priority (Winfree et al, 2007). The honeybee issue boosted the development of ecological models relating to more general dynamics of honey bee populations and colonies (Amdam et al, 2006;Becher et al, 2010;DeGrandi-Hoffman et al, 1989;Makela et al, 1993;McLellan and Rowland, 1986;Omholt, 1988;Schmickl and Crailsheim, 2007) as well as those designed to investigate specific causes and dynamics of collapse (Martin, 1998(Martin, , 2001.…”

Section: Pollinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of ecological models in linking ecological risk assessment to ecosystem services in agroecosystems

Galić

Schmolke²,

Forbes

et al. 2012

Science of The Total Environment

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“…The number of eggs laid decreases with the age of the queen following the equation of DeGrandi-Hoffman et al (1989). The proportion of drone eggs increases with older queens.…”

Section: Egg Layingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore there are nine 'rationale boxes' such as the one on egg laying quoted below: 1960;Free & Williams 1972;Harbo 1986). DeGrandi-Hoffman et al (1989) provide an egg laying procedure in their Beepop model, which is also used by Martin (2001), where the daily number of eggs laid depends on the age of the queen, the degree days, day length and worker population. However, a justification of their model is not given.…”

Section: Evaluation Of the Formal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statement on the suitability of the BEEHAVE model for its potential use in a regulatory context and for the risk assessment of multiple stressors in honeybees at the landscape level

Residues

Topping²

2015

EFS2

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The Panel has interpreted the Terms of Reference by carrying out a stepwise evaluation of the BEEHAVE simulation model with a view to assessing its suitability for use in a regulatory context and for risk assessment of multiple stressors at the landscape level. The EFSA opinion on good modelling practice was used to evaluate the model and its documentation systematically. The overall conclusion is that BEEHAVE performs well in modelling honeybee colony dynamics, and the supporting documentation is generally good but does not fully meet the criteria of the good modelling opinion. BEEHAVE is not yet usable in a regulatory context primarily because it needs a pesticide module. BEEHAVE has a Varroa/virus module, although this seems to underestimate the impact of Varroa/virus on colony survival, and additional stressors (chemical and biological) would need to be added to allow investigation of the effects of interactions of pesticides with multiple stressors. BEEHAVE currently uses a very simple representation of a landscape and this should be extended. There is only one environmental scenario in the present version of BEEHAVE (European central zone-weather scenarios for Germany and the UK) and extension to other European zones would be needed. The supporting data and default parameter values should be further evaluated and justified. The modelling environment used by BEEHAVE (NetLogo) has an excellent user interface but provides limited opportunities for extending the model. The Panel recommends that BEEHAVE should be adopted as the basis for modelling the impact on honeybee colonies of pesticides and other stressors, but that further development should use a standard, object-oriented language rather than NetLogo. The evaluation of the model follows the structure and recommendations in the scientific opinion on good modelling practice (EFSA PPR Panel, 2014), which is intended to help evaluation of models that are submitted in a regulatory context for pesticide risk assessment. The BEEHAVE model was developed before the opinion on good modelling practice was published and it was not submitted in a regulatory context. Therefore, it is not surprising that the BEEHAVE model does not fulfil all the criteria outlined in the good modelling practice opinion and that some of the criteria are not applicable to BEEHAVE. In order to allow a balanced evaluation of the model, it was decided that the model should first be evaluated against its original purpose (to explore how various stressors such as Varroa mites, virus infections, impaired foraging behaviour, changes in landscape structure and dynamics and pesticides affect, in isolation and combination, the performance and possible decline and failure of single managed colonies of honeybees). Where relevant, it was then evaluated against its potential use in a regulatory context and for the assessment of the risk from multiple stressors at the landscape level.In terms of evaluation of the conceptual model, the current model addresses most points of its problem formulati...

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BEEPOP: A honeybee population dynamics simulation model

Cited by 64 publications

References 14 publications

Alkane composition variations between darker and lighter colored comb beeswax

Alkane composition variations between darker and lighter colored comb beeswax

The role of ecological models in linking ecological risk assessment to ecosystem services in agroecosystems

Statement on the suitability of the BEEHAVE model for its potential use in a regulatory context and for the risk assessment of multiple stressors in honeybees at the landscape level

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