Beef production from silage 2. The performance of beef cattle given silages of either perennial ryegrass or red clover

Thomas, Chris; Gibbs, Benjamin G.; Tayler, J. C.

doi:10.1017/s0003356100024934

Cited by 25 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…-~_ _ _ _ was consistent with values derived from an earlier experiment (Thomas et al 1981) where cutting was delayed for a similar period. Increasing the proportion of barley given with the late-cut silage led to a progressive increase in the digestibility of the DM and gross energy, similar to that observed by Vadiveloo & Holmes (1979) with hay-based diets.…”

Section: Apparent Digestibility and Intakesupporting

confidence: 86%

The effect of date of cut and barley substitution on gain and on the efficiency of utilization of grass silage by growing cattle

Thomas¹,

Gibbs²,

Beever³

et al. 1988

Br J Nutr

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1.A primary growth of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) was cut early or late to produce silages of high and low digestibility. The crops were wilted for 2 4 h and preserved with formic acid at 2.4 litres/t fresh weight. The resulting silages were well preserved with a pH of 3.9 and 3.8, lactic acid content of 108 and 73 g/kg dry matter (DM) and total nitrogen content of 24.6 and 18.4 g/kg DM for early-and late-cut silage respectively.2. Forty-two British Friesian male castrates (steers) initially 12 months of age and 305 kg live weight (LW) were used, of which ten were slaughtered at the start of the experiment. The remaining steers were divided into four groups of eight animals and were given the early-cut silage alone (H) or the late-cut silage alone (L) or with barley at either 280 (LCl) or 560 (LC2) g DM/kg total DM. The intake of total DM was restricted to a daily allowance of 18 g DM/kg LW and the steers were slaughtered in two groups after 119 and 140 d on experiment.3. Both earlier cutting of herbage and substitution of late-cut silage with barley significantly (P < 0.001) increased the apparent digestibility of gross energy (H0748, L0619, LClO.668, LC20.705), whereas earlier cutting increased the digestibility of acid-detergent fibre from 0.638 (L) to 0777 (H) and substitution with barley resulted in a significant (P < 0001) depression to 0.595 (LCI) and 0.519 (LC2). Substitution of late-cut silage with barley significantly (P < 0,001) increased metabolizable energy (ME) intake from 58.9 (L) to 69.5 MJ/d (LC2) and crude protein (N x 6-25; CP) intake from 688 (L) to 779 g/d (LC2), but the highest intakes of ME and CP (73.5 MJ/d and 952 g/d respectively) were achieved with the early-cut silage. 4.Earlier cutting resulted in significant (P < 0.001) increases in body-weight gain from 292 to 696 g/d, fat gain from I21 to 260 g/d, protein gain from 31.1 to 86.9 g/d and energy retention from 5.5 to 12.2 MJ/d for silages L and H respectively. However, substitution of the late-cut silage with barley increased gains to a greater extent. Thus, empty-body gain was increased to 552 and 800 g/d, fat gain to 189 and 302 g/d, protein gain to 76 and 116 g/d and energy retention to 9.2 and 14.6 MJ/d for diets LC1 and LC2 respectively. The difference in gains between diets H and LC2 achieved significance (P i 0.05) for all components except fat.5. It is concluded that although earlier cutting of herbage for silage results in increased gains of protein and energy, the amounts retained are less than those from a similar increment of ME and CP achieved by substituting a late-cut silage with barley.

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Section: Apparent Digestibility and Intakesupporting

confidence: 86%

The effect of date of cut and barley substitution on gain and on the efficiency of utilization of grass silage by growing cattle

Thomas¹,

Gibbs²,

Beever³

et al. 1988

Br J Nutr

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“…Total DM intakes, expressed on a percent BW basis for grass and red cloverÁtimothy silages were similar to values reported by Berthiaume et al (2006) for cattle fed grass silage. However, these intakes were lower than values reported by others (Day et al 1978;Thomas et al 1981;Steen and McIlmoyle 1982) for grass-and red clover silages fed to British Friesian steers, where intakes were greater for cattle fed red clover versus grass silages. Differences in intake resulted in greater gains for cattle fed red clover silages and were attributed to variation in silage fermentation, wilting and maturity at harvest (Steen and McIlmoyle 1982), as well as to animal factors, such as age and breed.…”

Section: Growth Performancecontrasting

confidence: 61%

“…Lower average daily gains for tall fescue-versus red cloverÁtimothy silage fed cattle in the present study may be due to lower crude and soluble protein contents of tall fescue silage (Table 1). Greater gains in cattle fed red clover versus grass silage in the past (Day et al 1978;Thomas et al 1981) were also associated with higher N contents for red clover silages. While Noviandi et al (2012a) found that nitrogen fertilization of tall fescue increased crude protein content of pasture and subsequent gains by grazing steers as compared with tall fescue pastures that were not fertilized, this was not an issue in the present study as tall fescue fields were fertilized with nitrogen.…”

Section: Growth Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of forage silage species on yearling growth performance, carcass and meat quality, and nutrient composition in a forage based beef production system

et al. 2015

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Berthiaume, R., Lafrenie`re, C., Girard, C., Campbell, C. P., Pivotto, L. M. and Mandell, I. B. 2015. Effects of forage silage species on yearling growth performance, carcass and meat quality, and nutrient composition in a forage based beef production system. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 95: 173Á187. Forty weaned, crossbred beef calves (predominantly Angus and Simmental) were forage-finished using all-silage diets (red cloverÁtimothy versus tall fescue) to examine forage species' effects on growth performance, carcass traits, meat quality, and nutrient composition. Weaned calves (257 d of age) were forage-finished using red cloverÁtimothy or tall fescue silage and harvested at approximately 1 yr of age. During carcass processing, one side from each carcass was covered with a polyliner to examine if reducing rates of chilling could compensate for limited fat cover expected from low dietary energy contents fed, and limited time on feed. Longissimus thoracis, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus steaks were aged 10, 14, and 21 d to examine effects on WarnerÁBratzler shear force values while fatty acid and vitamin B 12 composition were determined on 10-d-aged steaks. Average daily gain, feed efficiency, hot carcass weights, and longissimus muscle area were greater (P B0.03) when cattle were fed red cloverÁtimothy versus tall fescue silage, most likely due to the higher protein content of red cloverÁtimothy silage. Shear force was greater (PB0.002) in steaks from all muscles evaluated from cattle fed tall fescue versus red cloverÁtimothy silage. In comparison to 10-d-aged steaks, 14 d of ageing were needed to reduce (P B0.001) shear force for longissimus steaks, while 21 d of ageing were needed to reduce (PB0.001) shear force for semitendinosus steaks. Use of a polyliner decreased (P 00.0001) the rate of temperature decline at selected carcass sites, but did not reduce shear force values. The percent of n-3 fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid ratio were greater (PB0.04) in longissimus from cattle fed red cloverÁ timothy versus feeding tall fescue silage. Feeding red cloverÁtimothy silage improved growth performance, carcass, shear force, and fatty acid composition traits versus feeding tall fescue silage.

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“…Mixtures also have higher soluble carbohydrate THE POTENTIAL OF TETRAPLOID red clover was contents, a better balance nutritionally and reviewed by Frame (1976) who concluded diluted oestrogenic activity; weed ingress is that its ability to provide high yields (10 to limited and clover crowns are cushioned 12 t dry matter (DM) per ha) of protein-rich against wheel damage (Frame, 1975). When used as silage, it is suggested and Copeman, 1976; Tayler and Wilkins, that it should be grown with a companion grass 1976; Day, Harkess and Harrison, 1978; as grass/clover mixtures, which give higher DM Thomas, Aston, Gibbs and Tayler, 1981a; and digestible organic matter (DOM) yields Thomas, Gibbs and Tayler, 1981b; Steen and but lower crude protein (CP) yields than pure Mcllmoyle, 1982a). efficiency of conversion characteristics made it Most feeding trials to date with beef cattle a highly acceptable forage for livestock.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of silages made from red clover/grass, white clover/grass and high nitrogen grass swards for beef production

Stewart¹,

McCullough²

1985

Anim. Sci.

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Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S000335610002537XHow to cite this article: T. A. Stewart and I. I. McCullough (1985). A comparison of silages made from red clover/grass, white clover/ grass and high nitrogen grass swards for beef production. ABSTRACTSilage cut twice annually (June and August) from a tetraploid red clover/grass sward and three times annually (May, July and September) from a low nitrogen (N) and high N perennial ryegrass/white clover sward was fed in proportion to dry-matter yield from each cut, over a 10-week period, each winter for 3 years to castrated male cattle of initial live weight 401 kg in year 1 and 425 kg in years 2 and 3. The silages were supplemented with 0, 1, 2 and 3 kg concentrate per head daily.Total dry-matter yield from the red clover/grass sward was similar to that from the perennial ryegrass/white clover sward (high N grass) receiving 360 kg N per ha but the digestibility, particularly of first cut material was much lower. Dry-matter production of the low N grass/white clover sward was 0-73 of high N grass sward and produced silages of similar digestibility and fermentation.Dry-matter intakes by the cattle were higher on the legume-based silages in years when clover made a worthwhile contribution to total yield, but this did not significantly improve utilization or animal performance compared with high N grass silage. Mean daily carcass gain per head on red clover/grass silage was 0-41 kg which was significantly less than the 0-61 kg on white clover/grass silage and 0-59 kg on high N grass (P < 0-001). Carcass output from red clover/grass silage was 618 kg/ha and 629 kg/ha from white clover/grass, both of which were significantly less than the 863 kg/ha from the high N grass silage (P < 0-001). Dressing proportion was also significantly poorer in animals fed red clover/grass silage compared with the other silage types.267

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Beef production from silage 2. The performance of beef cattle given silages of either perennial ryegrass or red clover

Cited by 25 publications

References 9 publications

The effect of date of cut and barley substitution on gain and on the efficiency of utilization of grass silage by growing cattle

The effect of date of cut and barley substitution on gain and on the efficiency of utilization of grass silage by growing cattle

Effects of forage silage species on yearling growth performance, carcass and meat quality, and nutrient composition in a forage based beef production system

A comparison of silages made from red clover/grass, white clover/grass and high nitrogen grass swards for beef production

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