Bedtime Procrastination: A Behavioral Perspective on Sleep Insufficiency

Kroese, Floor M.; Nauts, Sanne; Kamphorst, Bart A.; Anderson, Joel; Ridder, Denise T. D. de

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-802862-9.00005-0

Cited by 40 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(91 reference statements)

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“…Sleep deprivation increases people's risk of getting seriously ill through infectious diseases, cancer, cardiovascular problems or depression (Irwin et al 2016;Strine and Chapman 2005). Behavioural factors strongly affect people's sleep quality and quantity (Barber et al 2013;Brown et al 2002;Nauts and Kroese 2017), for example, because people unnecessarily go to bed too late, despite expecting to be worse off as a result of doing so (bedtime procrastination; Kroese et al 2016). Bedtime procrastination is highly prevalent, with 74% of people in a representative Dutch sample reporting that they unnecessarily delay going to bed at least once a week (Kroese et al 2014b), and moderate levels of bedtime procrastination reported among a sample from the USA (Kroese et al 2014a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research into the activities that bedtime procrastinators engage in rather than sleeping reveals a range of different activities. A large majority of participants indicates that they engage in media use: they watch Bjust one more^episode of their favourite TV show, surf the web for funny videos of cats or play video games until the break of dawn (Kroese et al 2014a, b;Kroese et al 2016). Although media use can be replenishing with respect to self-regulation (Reinecke 2009), it can also make people feel worse when used as a means to avoid important tasks (Myrick 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Compassion and Bedtime Procrastination: an Emotion Regulation Perspective

2018

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The current study extended previous research on self-compassion and health behaviours by examining the associations of selfcompassion to bedtime procrastination, an important sleep-related behaviour. We hypothesized that lower negative affect and adaptive emotion regulation would explain the proposed links between self-compassion and less bedtime procrastination. Two cross-sectional online studies were conducted. Study 1 included 134 healthy individuals from the community (mean age 30.22, 77.4% female). Study 2 included 646 individuals from the community (mean age 30.74, 68.9% female) who were screened for the absence of clinical insomnia. Participants in both studies completed measures of self-compassion, positive and negative affect and bedtime procrastination. Participants in study 2 also completed a measure of cognitive reappraisal. Multiple mediation analysis in study 1 revealed the expected indirect effects of self-compassion on less bedtime procrastination through lower negative affect [b = − .09, 95% CI = (− .20, − .02), but not higher positive affect. Path analysis in study 2 replicated these findings and further demonstrated that cognitive reappraisal explained the lower negative affect linked to self-compassion [b = − .011; 95% CI = (− .025; − .003)]. The direct effect of self-compassion on less bedtime procrastination remained significant. Our novel findings provide preliminary evidence that self-compassionate people are less likely to engage in bedtime procrastination, due in part to their use of healthy emotion regulation strategies that downregulate negative mood.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Compassion and Bedtime Procrastination: an Emotion Regulation Perspective

2018

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“…One behavioral line of explanation centers on understanding the familiar yet under-studied phenomenon of bedtime procrastination , which has been defined as “needlessly and voluntarily delaying going to bed, despite foreseeably being worse off as a result” ( Kroese et al, 2016 ). An example of this behavior would be watching “just one more” episode of one’s favorite Netflix show despite having intended to go to bed at that hour, realizing that the delay will leave one feeling tired and irritable the next day, and having a considered preference for being well-rested the next day over having watched an additional episode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Too Depleted to Turn In: The Relevance of End-of-the-Day Resource Depletion for Reducing Bedtime Procrastination

et al. 2018

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Bedtime procrastination is an important predictor of sleep insufficiency in the general population (Kroese et al., 2014b), but little is known about the determinants of this self-undermining behavior. As the phenomenon has been conceptualized in the literature as a form of self-regulation failure (Kroese et al., 2014a), we hypothesized that people’s self-regulatory resources in the evening would be predictive of going to bed later than they intended. Specifically, we examined whether the cumulative effect of resisting desires, a measure of self-regulatory resource depletion (Hofmann et al., 2012b), relates to bedtime procrastination. Participants (N = 218) reported how many desires they had tried to resist during the previous day and the extent of their bedtime procrastination. Results show that people who attempted to resist more desires were more likely to engage in bedtime procrastination, suggesting that people may be less likely to stick to their intended bedtime after a particularly taxing day. Implications for intervention strategies are discussed.

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“…Kühnel et al ( 2018 ) challenge our viewpoint (Kroese et al, 2014 , 2016a ; as well as Kroese et al, 2016b ; Kamphorst et al, 2018 ) that bedtime procrastination—going to bed later than intended without having external reasons for doing so—is a self-regulation problem. They argue that bedtime procrastination is not a self-regulation problem because it is predicted by chronotypes.…”

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confidence: 99%