Bedeutung des Alkohols in der Embryofetalperiode und beim Neugeborenen

Püschel, Klaus; Seifert, Hendrik

doi:10.1007/bf00201312

Z Rechtsmed

1979

DOI: 10.1007/bf00201312

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Bedeutung des Alkohols in der Embryofetalperiode und beim Neugeborenen

Klaus Püschel

Hendrik Seifert

Abstract: At delivery the newborn infant of a drunken mother had a bloodalcohol concentration of about 2.0%. The elimination rate was calculated to be 0.08%/h. The infant exhibited obvious features of an embryofetal alcohol syndrome. Several cases from literature are cited with ethanol given for therapeutic purpose in obstetrics and bloodalcohol concentration exceeding to 1%-2%. This means that values up to 2% in newborn infants without any other pathological findings should not solely be accepted as cause of death in f… Show more

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1981

2012

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Cited by 2 publications

References 17 publications

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Alkoholintoxikation im Kindesalter

Püschel

Mätzsch

1981

Z Rechtsmed

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This study is based on 116 blood alcohol estimations of intoxicated children up to 14 years of age; all these children recovered after several hours of clinical treatment. In 84 cases the data about the anamnesis, the neurological symptoms, and the clinical course could be evaluated in detail. The average age of children was 10 years; most of them (60%) were 11--14 years old. Sex distribution: 4 male: 1 female. The average blood alcohol concentration was 1.4% at the moment of blood sampling; it ranged between 0.5 and 2.9%. No constant correlation was found between the blood alcohol concentration of the children, their age, sex, and the intoxication symptoms. As a result of this study it may be stated that there seems to be no special intolerance for alcohol during infancy. Specific aspects of the alcohol intoxication of children, i.e., the rapid passage through the stadium of excitation may be explained by the very short drinking time and the relatively large amount of alcohol ingestion combined with no experience about the effects of C2H5OH.

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Alkoholintoxikation im Kindesalter

Püschel

Mätzsch

1981

Z Rechtsmed

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Prenatal alcohol exposure, blood alcohol concentrations and alcohol elimination rates for the mother, fetus and newborn

2012

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Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) are a common cause of intellectual impairment and birth defects. More recently, prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) has been found to be a risk factor for fetal mortality, stillbirth and infant and child mortality. This has led to increased concern about detection and management of PAE. One to 2 h after maternal ingestion, fetal blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) reach levels nearly equivalent to maternal levels. Ethanol elimination by the fetus is impaired because of reduced metabolic capacity. Fetal exposure time is prolonged owing to the reuptake of amniotic-fluid containing ethanol by the fetus. Alcohol elimination from the fetus relies on the mother's metabolic capacity. Metabolic capacity among pregnant women varies eightfold (from 0.0025 to 0.02 g dl À1 h À1 ), which may help explain how similar amounts of ethanol consumption during pregnancy results in widely varying phenotypic presentations of FASD. At birth physiological changes alter the neonate's metabolic capacity and it rapidly rises to a mean value of 83.5% of the mother's capacity. FASDs are highly recurrent and younger siblings have increased risk. Detection of prenatal alcohol use offers an important opportunity for office-based interventions to decrease exposure for the remainder of pregnancy and identification of women who need substance abuse treatment. Mothers of children with FAS have been found to drink faster, get drunk quicker and to have higher BACs. A modest increase in the prevalence of a polymorphism of alcohol dehydrogenase, which increases susceptibility to adverse outcomes from PAE has been reported. Lastly, detection of alcohol use and appropriate management would decrease risk from PAE for subsequent pregnancies.

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Bedeutung des Alkohols in der Embryofetalperiode und beim Neugeborenen

Cited by 2 publications

References 17 publications

Alkoholintoxikation im Kindesalter

Alkoholintoxikation im Kindesalter

Prenatal alcohol exposure, blood alcohol concentrations and alcohol elimination rates for the mother, fetus and newborn

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