Beauty in a smile: the role of medial orbitofrontal cortex in facial attractiveness

O’Doherty, John P.; Winston, Joel S.; Critchley, Hugo; Perrett, David I.; Burt, D. M.; Dolan, Raymond J.

doi:10.1016/s0028-3932(02)00145-8

Cited by 793 publications

(719 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Previous studies have demonstrated that the motivational salience of attractive faces is variable by showing that other types of facial cue (e.g., emotional expression or gaze direction) can modulate responses to physically attractive versus physically unattractive faces in brain regions involved in motivation and reward processing (Kampe et al, 2001;O'Doherty et al, 2003). Here we present new evidence that the motivational salience of physically attractive faces is variable, finding that within-woman changes in hormone levels also modulate the motivational salience of physically attractive faces.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Women's hormone levels modulate the motivational salience of facial attractiveness and sexual dimorphism

Wang

Hahn

Fisher

et al. 2014

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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2Women's hormone levels modulate the motivational salience of facial attractiveness and sexual dimorphism AbstractThe physical attractiveness of faces is positively correlated with both behavioral and neural measures of their motivational salience. Although previous work suggests that hormone levels modulate women's perceptions of others' facial attractiveness, studies have not yet investigated whether hormone levels also modulate the motivational salience of facial characteristics. To address this issue, we investigated the relationships between within-subject changes in women's salivary hormone levels (estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, and estradiol-to-progesterone ratio) and within-subject changes in the motivational salience of attractiveness and sexual dimorphism in male and female faces. The motivational salience of physically attractive faces in general and feminine female faces, but not masculine male faces, was greater in test sessions where women had high testosterone levels. Additionally, the reward value of sexually dimorphic faces in general and attractive female faces, but not attractive male faces, was greater in test sessions where women had high estradiol-to-progesterone ratios. These results provide the first evidence that the motivational salience of facial attractiveness and sexual dimorphism is modulated by within-woman changes in hormone levels.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 49%

Women's hormone levels modulate the motivational salience of facial attractiveness and sexual dimorphism

Wang

Hahn

Fisher

et al. 2014

Psychoneuroendocrinology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Similar results in the amygdala, which together with the OFC constitutes part of the structural appetitive/approach network that underpins Pavlovian incentive and motivated behavior (Gottfried et al, 2003;O'Doherty et al, 2003), and is commonly associated with regulation of emotion (Hare et al, 2005), lend further support for greater task-related emotional suppression or similar competing, extraneous or idiosyncratic factors operating in the "flat" cocaine subgroup. However, because the current correlation between SSG-R and OFC/IFG was driven by the "non-flat" cocaine group (and not the "flat" cocaine group), this interpretation remains tentative.…”

Section: The Ofc/ifg In the Constrained Subjective Sensitivity To Relmentioning

confidence: 62%

Subjective sensitivity to monetary gradients is associated with frontolimbic activation to reward in cocaine abusers

Goldstein

Tomasi

Alia‐Klein

et al. 2007

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

106

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Drug addiction is characterized by marked disruptions in the ability to process reward. Here we evaluated in cocaine addicted and healthy control participants the subjective sensitivity to reward gradients and its association with neural responses to sustained reward. A self-report questionnaire was used to assess the former. A functional magnetic resonance imaging task that utilized monetary reward as feedback in a blocked design was used to assess the latter. Results revealed that whereas control subjects valued high money more than low money, over half of the cocaine addicted subjects valued all monetary amounts equally. This compromised subjective sensitivity to gradients in reward value was significantly correlated with higher activations to money in the lateral orbitofrontal cortex/inferior frontal gyrus (BA 47) and amygdala, and lower activations in the middle frontal gyrus (BA 6), which together explained 85% of the variability on this rating scale in the cocaine abusers only. These results provide for the first time evidence of restricted subjective sensitivity to gradients of reward in cocaine addiction and of the involvement of frontolimbic brain regions (including the orbitofrontal cortex) in this deficit.

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“…The pleasurable smiles associated with positive emotion have been shown to be a form of social reward (O'Doherty et al, 2003). Receiving these types of smiles is related to positive emotion (Cappella, 1997) and reciprocal smiling be- havior (Fridlund, 1991).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpersonal consequences of social anxiety.

Heerey¹,

Kring²

2007

Journal of Abnormal Psychology

189

168

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The behavioral manifestations of social anxiety may have implications for social outcomes. Unfortunately, little is known about how anxiety shapes social interaction. The present study examined social interactions in dyads consisting of either 2 nonsocially anxious (NSA) individuals or 1 socially anxious (SA) and 1 NSA individual. Behavior, self-reported affect, and perceptions were examined. In comparison with the interactions of NSA pairs, high levels of fidgeting, poor reciprocity of smiling behavior, more self-talk, and more frequent reassurance seeking and giving characterized interactions between SA and NSA participants. Both SA participants and their NSA partners rated their interactions as being less smooth and coordinated than did participants in NSA-NSA dyads. In addition, SA participants' reassurance seeking and self-talk correlated negatively with partner positive affect and perceptions of interaction quality. The authors discuss self-focused attention and the interpersonal consequences of social anxiety.

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Beauty in a smile: the role of medial orbitofrontal cortex in facial attractiveness

Cited by 793 publications

References 52 publications

Women's hormone levels modulate the motivational salience of facial attractiveness and sexual dimorphism

Women's hormone levels modulate the motivational salience of facial attractiveness and sexual dimorphism

Subjective sensitivity to monetary gradients is associated with frontolimbic activation to reward in cocaine abusers

Interpersonal consequences of social anxiety.

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