Bearing Capacity of Steel Trusses with Local Damage Considering the Exclusion Time

Abstract

To ensure the safety of buildings and structures, they must maintain their bearing capacity in case of local damage. The article is devoted to the study of the robustness of damaged steel trusses, as well as the time during which local destruction of the trusses occurs. Finding a solution to this problem is one of the key stages in the development of a practical methodology for calculating steel trusses’ resistance to the local destruction of elements. The time from the beginning of destruction to the complete failure of the element is proposed to be called the exclusion time. Based on the performed theoretical and numerical studies, for the quasi-static calculation it is recommended to use the values of the dynamic coefficient for the considered steel trusses. In the numerical formulation, the work of steel trusses as part of the building frame was investigated along with local destruction of individual elements of the truss. Numerical studies have shown that the shorter the failure time of the truss element, the greater the dynamic forces arising in the structure. The frame of the building is considered as a spatial system. A numerical dynamic analysis of the spatial coverage is carried out, taking into account the local failure of one of the truss elements. The distribution of the dynamic coefficient over the steel trusses is obtained. This made it possible to study the effect of local failure on the intact load-bearing structures. The article presents the results of a series of experimental studies of flat trusses aimed at determining the time of failure of a steel truss element. Based on the results obtained, the failure time of the damaged rod and the redistribution of efforts to the neighboring elements of the truss were calculated. In accordance with the calculated failure time, recommendations were formulated to reduce the value of the dynamic coefficient used in the static calculation, depending on the types of damage to the truss.